Nesting (voting districts)
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Nesting is the
The major concerns of nesting are:
- the practice may impede the creation of majority-minority districts
- the practice may cause cities or other communities with common concerns to be split into different voting districts (and therefore dilute their votes)
US States which perform nesting
The US States which have nesting in their state legislatures (with the ratio of lower house to upper):
- Alaska (2/1)[2]
- Arizona (2/1)[3](districts are identical)
- Illinois (2/1)[4]
- Iowa (2/1)[5]
- Maryland (3/1)[6](29 of 47 districts are identical)
- Minnesota (2/1)[7]
- Montana (2/1)[8]
- New Jersey (2/1)[9] (districts are identical)
- North Dakota (2/1)[10](45 of 47 districts are identical)
- Ohio (3/1)[11]
- Oregon (2/1)[12]
- South Dakota (2/1)[13] (33 of 35 districts are identical)
- Washington (2/1)[14](districts are identical)
- Wisconsin (3/1)[15]
In addition there are four states with exact ratios (California, Hawaii, New York, and Wyoming) that encourage, but do not require, nesting of legislative districts.[16] Two other states with uneven lower-upper house ratios (Rhode Island and Utah) encourage nesting between legislative and congressional districts. Six other states (Alabama, Florida, Idaho, Indiana, Nevada and Tennessee) have lower-to-upper house seat ratios ranging from 2/1 to 4/1, but do not feature nesting in their laws on redistricting.
Other jurisdictions which perform nesting
Under the 1970 constitution, Fiji had ten National constituencies. Each of them elected one indigenous Fijian member and one Indo-Fijian member on its own, but two national constituencies were nested into one for the election of General electors' representatives.[17]
The
References
- ^ Reapportionment and Redistricting in the West By Gary F. Moncrief p30
- ^ All about Redistricting - Alaska
- ^ All about Redistricting - Arizona
- ^ Illinois Constitution Article IV, Section 2(b) http://www.ilga.gov/commission/lrb/con4.htm
- ^ All about Redistricting - Iowa
- ^ All about Redistricting -Maryland
- ^ All about Redistricting - Minnesota
- ^ All about Redistricting -Montana
- ^ All about Redistricting - New Jersey
- ^ All about Redistricting - North Dakota
- ^ All about Redistricting - Ohio
- ^ All about Redistricting - Oregon
- ^ All about Redistricting - South Dakota
- ^ All about Redistricting - Washington
- ^ All about Redistricting -Wisconsin
- ^ Where the lines are drawn by the Brennan Center for Justice
- ^ "Fiji Independence Order 1970 and Constitution of Fiji".
External links
- The Implications of Nesting in California Redistricting an August 2007 UC Berkeley study by Bruce E. Cain and Karin Mac Donald (link to archive)