Neutrophilia
Neutrophilia | |
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erythrocytes, the intra-cellular granules are visible in the cytoplasm (Giemsa stained ) |
Neutrophilia (also called neutrophil leukocytosis or occasionally neutrocytosis) is
neutrophils, that is, a high number of neutrophils in the blood.[1] Because neutrophils are the main type of granulocytes, mentions of granulocytosis
often overlap in meaning with neutrophilia.
The opposite of neutrophilia is neutropenia.
Causes
Neutrophils are the primary
pyogenic infections.[2]
Neutrophils are also increased in any acute
Some drugs, such as
epinephrine), causing marginated neutrophils to enter the blood stream. Overdoses of some drugs, notably bupropion, can cause very high levels of neutrophils in the blood.[citation needed
]
A neutrophilia might also be the result of a
malignancy. Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML or chronic myeloid leukaemia) is a disease where the blood cells proliferate out of control. These cells may be neutrophils. Neutrophilia can also be caused by appendicitis and splenectomy.[3]
Primary neutrophilia can additionally be a result of leukocyte adhesion deficiency.[4]
"Left shift"
A "left shift" refers to the presence of increased proportions of younger, less well differentiated neutrophils and neutrophil-precursor cells in the blood. This generally reflects early or premature release of
leukocyte alkaline phosphatase (LAP) score, which refers to the amount of alkaline phosphatase per neutrophil, will increase. In a severe infection, toxic granulation changes happen to the neutrophils.[citation needed
]
This can resemble
See also
References
- ^ "neutrophilia" at Dorland's Medical Dictionary
- ^ ISBN 978-1-4160-2973-1. 8th edition.
- ^ "bloodandcancerclinic". Archived from the original on 21 May 2013. Retrieved 10 April 2013.
- ^ "Titre" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2019-11-16.
- PMID 16724080.
- PMID 8377874.