New Castle County, Delaware
New Castle County | |
---|---|
At-large | |
Website | www |
New Castle County is the northernmost of the three counties of the U.S. state of Delaware (New Castle, Kent, and Sussex). As of the 2020 census, the population was 570,719,[2] making it the most populous county in Delaware, with nearly 60% of the state's population of 989,948. The county seat is Wilmington,[3] which is also the state's most populous city.
New Castle County is included in the Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE-MD Metropolitan Statistical Area. The county is named after William Cavendish, 1st Duke of Newcastle (c. 1593–1676).
New Castle County has the highest population and population density of any Delaware county, and it is the smallest county in the state by area. It has more people than the other two counties, Kent and Sussex, combined. It is also the most economically developed of the three.
History
The first permanent European settlement on Delaware soil was Fort Christina, resulting from Peter Minuit's 1638 expedition on the Swedish vessels Fogel Grip and Kalmar Nyckel. The Swedes laid out the town at the site of modern-day Wilmington. They contracted with the Lenape Native Americans for land of Old Cape Henlopen north to Sankikans (Trenton Falls), and inland as far as they desired. However, a dispute ensued between the Swedes and the Dutch, who asserted a prior claim to that land.
In 1640,
In 1654, Johan Risingh, commissary and councilor to the Governor Lt. Col. Printz, officially assumed Printz's duties and began to expel all Dutch from New Sweden. Fort Casimir surrendered and was renamed Fort Trinity in 1654. The Swedes had complete possession of the west side of the Delaware River. On June 21, 1654, the Lenape met with the Swedes to reaffirm the purchase.
Having learned of the fall of Fort Casimir, the Dutch sent Stuyvesant to drive the Swedes from both sides of the river. They allowed only Dutch colonists to settle in the area and on August 31, 1655, the territory was converted back to Fort Casimir. Consequently, Fort Christina fell on September 15 to the Dutch, was renamed
As payment[
In 1664, the
On September 12, 1673, the Dutch established
On September 22, 1676, New Castle County was formally placed under the Duke of York's laws. It gained land from
On June 21, 1680,
In September 1673, a Dutch council established a court at New Castle with the boundaries defined as north of Steen Kill (present-day Stoney Creek) and south to Bomties Hook (renamed Bombay Hook). In 1681, a
Geography
According to the
Two small
New Castle County, like all of Delaware's counties, is subdivided into
Ebright Azimuth, the highest natural point in Delaware at 448 feet (137 m), is located in New Castle County.
The
Adjacent counties
- Chester County, Pennsylvania – northwest
- Delaware County, Pennsylvania – north
- Gloucester County, New Jersey – northeast
- Salem County, New Jersey – east
- Kent County, Delaware – south
- Kent County, Maryland – southwest
- Cecil County, Maryland – west
Major roads and highways
Climate
Almost all of the county has a humid subtropical climate (Cfa) except for the highest area around Ebright Azimuth where the climate is hot-summer humid continental (Dfa.) The hardiness zone is 7b except in some higher areas close to the Pennsylvania border which are 7a.
Climate data for Wilmington, Delaware ( New Castle County Airport ), 1981–2010 normals, extremes 1894–present
| |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °F (°C) | 75 (24) |
78 (26) |
86 (30) |
97 (36) |
98 (37) |
102 (39) |
106 (41) |
107 (42) |
100 (38) |
98 (37) |
85 (29) |
75 (24) |
107 (42) |
Mean maximum °F (°C) | 61.2 (16.2) |
63.1 (17.3) |
73.7 (23.2) |
82.6 (28.1) |
88.3 (31.3) |
93.2 (34.0) |
96.0 (35.6) |
93.7 (34.3) |
89.1 (31.7) |
81.6 (27.6) |
72.5 (22.5) |
63.9 (17.7) |
96.9 (36.1) |
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 40.2 (4.6) |
43.5 (6.4) |
52.4 (11.3) |
63.5 (17.5) |
73.0 (22.8) |
81.8 (27.7) |
86.1 (30.1) |
84.2 (29.0) |
77.4 (25.2) |
66.2 (19.0) |
55.7 (13.2) |
44.6 (7.0) |
64.1 (17.8) |
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 24.6 (−4.1) |
26.8 (−2.9) |
33.6 (0.9) |
43.0 (6.1) |
52.6 (11.4) |
62.6 (17.0) |
67.6 (19.8) |
66.1 (18.9) |
58.2 (14.6) |
46.1 (7.8) |
37.4 (3.0) |
28.7 (−1.8) |
45.7 (7.6) |
Mean minimum °F (°C) | 7.4 (−13.7) |
11.6 (−11.3) |
17.9 (−7.8) |
29.7 (−1.3) |
38.7 (3.7) |
49.9 (9.9) |
56.7 (13.7) |
54.3 (12.4) |
43.7 (6.5) |
32.8 (0.4) |
23.3 (−4.8) |
13.6 (−10.2) |
4.3 (−15.4) |
Record low °F (°C) | −14 (−26) |
−15 (−26) |
2 (−17) |
11 (−12) |
30 (−1) |
40 (4) |
48 (9) |
43 (6) |
32 (0) |
23 (−5) |
11 (−12) |
−7 (−22) |
−15 (−26) |
Average precipitation inches (mm) | 3.01 (76) |
2.68 (68) |
3.92 (100) |
3.50 (89) |
3.95 (100) |
3.88 (99) |
4.57 (116) |
3.25 (83) |
4.32 (110) |
3.42 (87) |
3.10 (79) |
3.48 (88) |
43.08 (1,094) |
Average snowfall inches (cm) | 5.9 (15) |
8.3 (21) |
1.9 (4.8) |
0.3 (0.76) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0.4 (1.0) |
3.4 (8.6) |
20.2 (51) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) | 10.5 | 9.4 | 10.7 | 11.3 | 11.2 | 10.3 | 9.9 | 8.1 | 8.5 | 8.3 | 9.2 | 10.3 | 117.7 |
Average snowy days (≥ 0.1 in) | 4.3 | 3.6 | 1.3 | 0.4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.2 | 2.0 | 11.8 |
Source: NOAA[10][11] |
Demographics
Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
---|---|---|---|
1790 | 19,688 | — | |
1800 | 25,361 | 28.8% | |
1810 | 24,429 | −3.7% | |
1820 | 27,899 | 14.2% | |
1830 | 29,720 | 6.5% | |
1840 | 33,120 | 11.4% | |
1850 | 42,780 | 29.2% | |
1860 | 54,797 | 28.1% | |
1870 | 63,515 | 15.9% | |
1880 | 77,716 | 22.4% | |
1890 | 97,182 | 25.0% | |
1900 | 109,697 | 12.9% | |
1910 | 123,188 | 12.3% | |
1920 | 148,239 | 20.3% | |
1930 | 161,032 | 8.6% | |
1940 | 179,562 | 11.5% | |
1950 | 218,879 | 21.9% | |
1960 | 307,446 | 40.5% | |
1970 | 385,856 | 25.5% | |
1980 | 398,115 | 3.2% | |
1990 | 441,946 | 11.0% | |
2000 | 500,265 | 13.2% | |
2010 | 538,479 | 7.6% | |
2020 | 570,719 | 6.0% | |
U.S. Decennial Census[12] 1790-1960[13] 1900-1990[14] 1990-2000[15] 2010-2020[2] |
2000 census
As of the
as their first language.There were 188,935 households, out of which 32.50% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 49.60% were married couples living together, 13.40% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.70% were non-families. 25.70% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.50% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.56 and the average family size was 3.09.
In the county, the population was spread out, with 24.90% under the age of 18, 10.30% from 18 to 24, 31.50% from 25 to 44, 21.70% from 45 to 64, and 11.60% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females there were 94.40 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.80 males.
The median income for a household in the county was $52,419, and the median income for a family was $62,144. Males had a median income of $42,541 versus $31,829 for females. The
2010 census
As of the
Of the 202,651 households, 33.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 46.6% were married couples living together, 14.9% had a female householder with no husband present, 33.5% were non-families, and 26.1% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.57 and the average family size was 3.11. The median age was 37.2 years.[17]
The median income for a household in the county was $62,474 and the median income for a family was $78,072. Males had a median income of $52,637 versus $41,693 for females. The per capita income for the county was $31,220. About 6.6% of families and 10.3% of the population were below the
2020 census and 2021 census estimates
As of the 2020 census, there were 570,719 people living in the county.[2] According to the 2021 census estimates, its racial and ethnic makeup was 54.8% non-Hispanic white, 27.2% African American, 0.5% Native American, 6.0% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 2.8% multiracial, and 11% Hispanic or Latino of any race.
Government
County government
County executive
The county is headed by a county executive, currently Matthew S. Meyer. The chief administrative officer, who is the county's second-in-command, is appointed by the county executive and serves at his or her pleasure. Vanessa S. Phillips was appointed CAO in March 2018.[21]
County Council
The county's legislative body is a thirteen-member county council, consisting of twelve members elected by district and one president elected at large.[22] The council is tasked with drafting laws and managing county government services, public health ordinances, land use, transportation, and zoning.[23][24][25] New Castle County Council doubled in size to thirteen from seven members in 2004. Its most famous council member was Joe Biden, the 46th and current president of the United States, who represented the 4th district from 1971 to 1973.[26]
Current county council members are:[27]
- District 1: Brandon Toole (D)
- District 2: Dee Durham (D)
- District 3: Janet Kilpatrick (R)
- District 4: Penrose Hollins (D)
- District 5: Lisa Diller (D)
- District 6: David Carter (D)
- District 7: George Smiley (D)
- District 8: John J. Cartier (D)
- District 9: Timothy P. Sheldon (D)
- District 10: Jea P. Street (D)
- District 11: David L. Tackett (D)
- District 12: Bill Bell (D)
- At Large: Karen Hartley-Nagle (D), President
County judiciary
As with Delaware's other two counties, New Castle County has no judiciary of its own. All judicial functions, except for Alderman's Courts, are managed and funded by the state of Delaware. In New Castle County, only the cities of Newport and Newark have Alderman's Courts. These Courts have jurisdiction over driving offenses, misdemeanor criminal charges, and minor civil claims.
County row offices
The county retains the concept of "row offices" from Pennsylvania, so-called because all of these county offices could be found in a row in smaller courthouses. In Delaware, these offices are
The office of clerk of the peace is unique among the 50 states; the office-holder's function is almost exclusively to perform marriages. The current incumbent is Kenneth W. Boulden, Jr. (D)
The
The register of wills is Ciro Poppiti, III. His office receives and records
The
County zoning and public works
New Castle County has a strong zoning code, known as the Unified Development Code, or UDC. The UDC was developed by the Gordon Administration in response to public perception of over- and misdevelopment in the county. New building projects must go through a process of application and approval before construction is permitted to begin.
By operation of state law, New Castle County has no responsibility whatsoever for maintenance of
The Department of Public Works maintains essential infrastructure elements such as sanitary sewers and drainage ways. It also maintains County-owned parks and buildings such as County libraries. It does not maintain the water distribution system, which is owned and operated by several private companies. In general, it also does not maintain stormwater management facilities within subdivisions.
County public safety
Access to
New Castle County also operates a nationally accredited, county-run paramedic service through its Emergency Medical Services Division. NCC*EMS is the advanced life support (ALS) component of a two-tiered, paramedic intercept EMS system. County paramedics are located in eight full-time stations and one part-time station that operates during the hours of 7:00 a.m. to 7:00 p.m., with a capability of calling in additional personnel during major emergencies or planned events. Basic life support (BLS) ambulance service is provided primarily by volunteer fire companies with the use of paid employees that are trained in fire suppression and EMS. Fire/Rescue protection is provided by twenty-one volunteer
The Paul J. Sweeney Public Safety Building, located in
Federal government
New Castle nowadays is a strongly Democratic county. Because its population is almost double the combined population of Kent and Sussex, the winner in New Castle County has also won Delaware overall in each of the last eighteen presidential elections. In 1992, 2000, 2004 and 2016, the Republican candidate carried Kent and Sussex, only to lose New Castle by double digits–enough of a margin to swing the entire state to the Democrats. New Castle was a bellwether from 1936 to 1996, as it backed the national winner in every presidential election. In fact, it became the longest-running national bellwether after 1996, when Okanogan County, Washington, voted for Bob Dole. Notably former governor Ronald Reagan won the county by just one vote over President Jimmy Carter in 1980. This changed when Al Gore won the county in 2000 and, like many urban counties, New Castle stayed Democratic ever since.
The county warmly supported former senator and Wilmington resident Joe Biden as Barack Obama's running mate in 2008 and 2012, and during his own bid for president in 2020, each time with well over 65 percent of the vote–more than enough to carry Delaware.Year | Republican | Democratic | Third party | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No. | % | No. | % | No. | % | |
2020 | 88,364 | 30.72% | 195,034 | 67.81% | 4,235 | 1.47% |
2016 | 85,525 | 32.52% | 162,919 | 61.95% | 14,535 | 5.53% |
2012 | 81,230 | 32.23% | 167,082 | 66.30% | 3,700 | 1.47% |
2008 | 74,608 | 29.07% | 178,768 | 69.66% | 3,245 | 1.26% |
2004 | 93,079 | 38.54% | 146,179 | 60.52% | 2,269 | 0.94% |
2000 | 78,587 | 36.88% | 127,539 | 59.86% | 6,934 | 3.25% |
1996 | 60,943 | 33.94% | 98,837 | 55.05% | 19,766 | 11.01% |
1992 | 66,311 | 33.69% | 91,516 | 46.50% | 38,990 | 19.81% |
1988 | 92,587 | 53.52% | 79,147 | 45.75% | 1,269 | 0.73% |
1984 | 102,322 | 57.14% | 76,238 | 42.57% | 517 | 0.29% |
1980 | 76,898 | 45.66% | 76,897 | 45.66% | 14,632 | 8.69% |
1976 | 80,074 | 47.01% | 87,521 | 51.38% | 2,743 | 1.61% |
1972 | 100,681 | 58.21% | 70,190 | 40.58% | 2,085 | 1.21% |
1968 | 70,014 | 44.76% | 68,468 | 43.77% | 17,931 | 11.46% |
1964 | 54,767 | 37.28% | 91,752 | 62.46% | 374 | 0.25% |
1960 | 69,284 | 48.46% | 73,364 | 51.31% | 326 | 0.23% |
1956 | 71,133 | 55.65% | 56,405 | 44.13% | 275 | 0.22% |
1952 | 62,658 | 51.61% | 58,387 | 48.10% | 351 | 0.29% |
1948 | 47,451 | 48.92% | 48,117 | 49.60% | 1,433 | 1.48% |
1944 | 37,783 | 43.09% | 49,588 | 56.55% | 318 | 0.36% |
1940 | 41,508 | 44.31% | 52,167 | 55.69% | 0 | 0.00% |
1936 | 37,851 | 44.13% | 47,315 | 55.17% | 600 | 0.70% |
1932 | 39,844 | 53.76% | 32,872 | 44.36% | 1,393 | 1.88% |
1928 | 47,641 | 67.66% | 22,464 | 31.90% | 307 | 0.44% |
1924 | 35,427 | 61.24% | 17,842 | 30.84% | 4,582 | 7.92% |
1920 | 36,600 | 58.29% | 24,252 | 38.62% | 1,939 | 3.09% |
1916 | 16,666 | 51.32% | 14,894 | 45.86% | 916 | 2.82% |
1912 | 8,340 | 28.38% | 13,009 | 44.27% | 8,035 | 27.34% |
State government
The Delaware Department of Services for Children, Youth, and Their Families (DSCYF) has its headquarters in the Delaware Youth and Family Center (DYFC), located in unincorporated New Castle County, near Wilmington.[31][32] Several DSCYF juvenile facilities, including the New Castle County Detention Center (NCCDC),[33] the Ferris School for Boys,[34] and the Grace and Snowden Cottages are in unincorporated New Castle County.[35]
Several Delaware Department of Correction facilities are located in the county. The James T. Vaughn Correctional Center (JTVCC), formerly the Delaware Correctional Center, is a men's prison in unincorporated New Castle County, housing sentenced prisoners; Vaughn opened in 1971.[36] The Howard R. Young Correctional Institution, renamed from Multi-Purpose Criminal Justice Facility in 2004 and housing both pretrial and posttrial male prisoners, is located in Wilmington; it opened in 1982.[37] The Delores J. Baylor Correctional Institution, a women's prison housing pretrial and posttrial prisoners, is located in unincorporated New Castle County.[38][39] Baylor opened on December 29, 1991.[38] The Delaware male death row is in the JTVCC, while the female death row is in Baylor.[40] Executions occur at JTVCC.[41]
New Castle elects a substantial majority of the state legislature, with 27 state house districts and 17 state senate districts based in the county.
Communities
New Castle County is home to two minor league sports teams: the Wilmington Blue Rocks (baseball) and the Delaware Blue Coats (basketball), both of which play in Wilmington. It also has a professional auto racing track in New Castle known as Airport Speedway, with races on Saturday nights throughout the summer.
Cities
Towns
- Bellefonte
- Clayton (partly in Kent County)
- Elsmere
- Middletown
- Newport
- Odessa
- Smyrna (partly in Kent County)
- Townsend
Villages
Census-designated places
Unincorporated communities
Education
- School districts[42]
- Appoquinimink School District
- Brandywine School District
- Christina School District
- Colonial School District
- Red Clay Consolidated School District
- Smyrna School District
County-wide overlay district: New Castle County Vocational-Technical School District
- State-operated schools
- Tertiary
- Delaware College of Art & Design
- Delaware State University – Wilmington Campus
- Delaware Technical & Community College– Wilmington Campus
- Goldey-Beacom College
- University of Delaware – Main Campus, Wilmington Campus and Downtown Building
- Wilmington University – Wilmington Campus
- Widener University Delaware Law School
See also
- National Register of Historic Places listings in New Castle County, Delaware
- Morris Branch (Corks Point Ditch tributary)
- Hindu Temple of Delaware
References
- ^ "U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts: Delaware". U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved August 24, 2021.
- ^ a b c "U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts: New Castle County, Delaware". U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved August 24, 2021.
- ^ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
- ^ New York: Atlas of Historical County Boundaries by Kathryn Ford Thorne and John H. Long
- ^ "A Brief History of New Castle County, Delaware". Archived from the original on April 8, 2005. Retrieved May 28, 2005.
- ^ "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. February 12, 2011. Retrieved April 23, 2011.
- ^ "Delaware Code, Title 9". State of Delaware. October 31, 2008. Retrieved November 22, 2008.
{{cite journal}}
: Cite journal requires|journal=
(help) - The American Cyclopædia.
- ^ Schoonejongen, John. "How Delaware got on Jersey’s side of the river", Asbury Park Press, September 10, 2010. Accessed September 21, 2015. "Killcohook, in Pennsville Township, is another. Not only is it a 'confined disposal facility' for dredging materials, Killcohook is also the name of a nearby wildlife refuge. It borders another wildlife refuge, Supawna, as well as the Finns Point National Cemetery, the Finns Point Lighthouse and Fort Mott State Park."
- ^ "NowData: NOAA Online Weather Data". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Archived from the original on November 30, 2018. Retrieved October 3, 2019.
- ^ "Station Name: DE WILMINGTON NEW CASTLE CO AP". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved October 3, 2019.[permanent dead link]
- ^ "U.S. Decennial Census". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved June 12, 2014.
- ^ "Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library. Retrieved June 12, 2014.
- ^ "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved June 12, 2014.
- ^ "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 9, 2022. Retrieved June 12, 2014.
- ^ "County Population Totals: 2010-2020". Retrieved June 24, 2021.
- ^ a b c "DP-1 Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Demographic Profile Data". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved January 12, 2016.
- ^ "Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density: 2010 – County". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved January 12, 2016.
- ^ "DP02 SELECTED SOCIAL CHARACTERISTICS IN THE UNITED STATES – 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved January 12, 2016.
- ^ "DP03 SELECTED ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS – 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved January 12, 2016.
- ^ "New Castle County names Vanessa Phillips as chief administrative officer". Delaware Business Times. March 7, 2018. Retrieved October 20, 2020.
- ^ "Members | New Castle County, DE - Official Website". www.nccde.org. Retrieved July 18, 2020.
- ^ "County Council | New Castle County, DE - Official Website". nccde.org. Retrieved July 18, 2020.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - United States - Delaware - DE Counties - New Castle - County Council". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved July 18, 2020.
- ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved July 18, 2020.
- ^ Harriman, Jane (December 31, 1969). "Joe Biden: Hope for Democratic Party in '72?". Newspapers.com. The News Journal. p. 3. Retrieved October 19, 2020.
- ^ "County Council | New Castle County, DE - Official Website". nccde.org. Archived from the original on October 20, 2020. Retrieved October 20, 2020.
- ^ "New Castle County Recorder of Deeds Public Web Access". Ncc-deeds.com. May 1, 2007. Archived from the original on May 16, 2008. Retrieved August 20, 2011.
- ^ a b c Taylor, Adam (May 5, 2012), "Poor air conditioning jeopardizes 911 calls", The News Journal, retrieved May 5, 2012
- ^ "Dave Leip's Atlas of United States Presidential Elections". Retrieved June 11, 2011.
- ^ "Contact Information." Delaware Department of Services for Children, Youth, and Their Families. Retrieved August 30, 2010.
- ^ "Office locations." Delaware Department of Services for Children, Youth, and Their Families. Retrieved August 30, 2010.
- ^ "New Castle County Detention Center Archived August 10, 2010, at the Wayback Machine." Delaware Department of Services for Children, Youth, and Their Families. Retrieved August 30, 2010.
- ^ "Ferris School for Boys Archived August 10, 2010, at the Wayback Machine." Delaware Department of Services for Children, Youth, and Their Families. Retrieved August 30, 2010.
- ^ "Grace/Snowden Cottages Archived August 10, 2010, at the Wayback Machine." Delaware Department of Services for Children, Youth, and Their Families. Retrieved August 30, 2010.
- ^ "James T. Vaughn Correctional Center Archived January 23, 2013, at the Wayback Machine." Delaware Department of Correction. Retrieved August 30, 2010.
- ^ "Howard R. Young Correctional Institution Archived January 23, 2013, at the Wayback Machine." Delaware Department of Correction. Retrieved August 30, 2010.
- ^ a b "Delores J. Baylor Correctional Institution Archived January 23, 2013, at the Wayback Machine." Delaware Department of Correction. Retrieved August 30, 2010.
- ^ "Directions to the new entrance for the DELORES J. BAYLOR WOMEN'S CORRECTIONAL INSTITUTION Archived November 3, 2010, at the Wayback Machine." Delaware Department of Correction. Retrieved August 30, 2010.
- ^ "Death Row Fact Sheet Archived August 18, 2010, at the Wayback Machine." Delaware Department of Correction. Retrieved August 16, 2010.
- ^ "JAMES T VAUGHN CORRECTIONAL CENTER (formerly DELAWARE CORRECTIONAL CENTER)." Delaware Department of Correction. Retrieved August 16, 2010.
- - This listing only includes geographical school districts and not county-wide overlay districts.