Nicolas Joseph Maison
Nicolas Joseph Maison | |
---|---|
Born | Épinay-sur-Seine, France | 19 December 1771
Died | 13 February 1840 Paris, France | (aged 68)
Years of service | 1789–1836 |
Rank | Marshal of France |
Commands held | Morea expedition (1828) |
Battles/wars | French Revolutionary Wars Napoleonic Wars Greek War of Independence |
Awards | Marquess Peer of France Name engraved under the Arc de Triomphe Grand-croix of the Order of Saint-Louis Grand-croix of the Legion of Honour Knight of the Military Order of Maximilian Joseph (Bavaria) Grand Cross of the Royal Order of the Redeemer (Greece) Knight Grand Cross of the Order of Charles III (Spain) Grand Cordon of the Order of Leopold (Belgium) |
Other work | Minister of Foreign Affairs (1830) Minister of War (1835 –1836) |
Nicolas Joseph Maison, 1st Marquis of Maison (French pronunciation: [nikɔla ʒozɛf mɛzɔ̃]; 19 December 1771 – 13 February 1840) was a French military officer who served in the French Revolutionary Wars, the Napoleonic Wars, and as commander of the Morea expedition during the Greek War of Independence. He was made a Marshal of France in 1829 and served as Minister of War from 1835 to 1836.[1]
Revolutionary Wars and Napoleonic Wars
Nicolas-Joseph Maison was born in
In 1805, he joined the I Corps of the
After the wounding of Marshal
Bourbon restoration
After the abdication of the emperor, Maison rallied to
In 1828, he was given command of the French expeditionary corps in Morea (the Peloponnese peninsula in Greece).[1][4] This expedition consisted in a land intervention of the French Army in the Peloponnese at the time of the Greek War of Independence, with the aim of liberating the region from the Turkish-Egyptian occupation forces commanded by Ibrahim Pasha.[5] The military expedition was also accompanied by a scientific expedition mandated by the French Academy. After the soldiers took control of the principal strongholds held by the Turkish troops (Navarino, Modon, Coron and Patras), General Maison was created a Marshal of France by Charles X on 22 February 1829.[6][7][8][9] Although he returned to France after 8 months, the French kept a military presence in the area until 1833. He left Greece on 22 May 1829.[5]
Later life
In 1830, Maison supported the
Nicolas-Joseph Maison died in Paris on 13 February 1840. He is buried in the Père Lachaise Cemetery (division 5).[1]
Honors, military grades and decorations
- Name engraved under the Arc de Triomphe (Eastern pillar, Column 13 and 14)
- Ennoblement:
- Baron of the Empire (2 July 1808).
- Count of the Empire (14 August 1813).
- Marquess (31 July 1817).
- Successive military grades:
- National Guard: Grenadier, Corporal, Sergeant major, then Captain.
- Army : Captain on 1 August 1792, Battalion commander (6 July 1796 provisionally, 16 August definitively), Adjutant general brigade chief on 3 July 1799, General of brigade on 10 February 1806, then Divisional generalon 21 August 1812.
- Dignities:
- Peer of France on 4 June 1817.
- Marshal of Franceon 22 February 1829.
- French decorations:[3]
- Commander of the Legion of Honor on 22 November 1808.
- Grand Officer of the Legion of Honor on 28 September 1813.
- Grand Cross of the Legion of Honor on 22 July 1814.
- Grand Cross of the Order of the Reunion on 19 November 1813.
- Grand Cross of the Order of Saint Louis on 30 September 1818.
- Foreign decorations:
- Bavaria: Knight of the Military Order of Maximilian Joseph of Bavaria (1806).
- Greece: Grand Cross of the Royal Order of the Redeemer (1834).
- Spain: Knight Grand Cross of the Order of Charles III (1835).
- Belgium: Grand Cordon of the Order of Leopold (1836).
Political offices
See also
- List of members of the Morea expedition (1828-1833)
References
- ^ a b c d e f g h "Nicolas Joseph Maison", in Adolphe Robert and Gaston Cougny, Dictionnaire des parlementaires français (1789–1891), Bourloton, Paris, 1889.
- )
- ^ a b "Notice no. LH/1698/41". Base Léonore (in French). .
- LCCN 2001036211.
- ^ a b Nicolas-Joseph Maison (Lieutenant-general) : dépêches adressées au ministre de la Guerre Louis-Victor de Caux, vicomte de Blacquetot, October 1828, in Jacques Mangeart, Supplemental Chapter of the Souvenirs de la Morée: recueillis pendant le séjour des Français dans le Peloponèse, Igonette, Paris, 1830.
- ^ Eugène Cavaignac, Lettres d'Eugène Cavaignac, Expédition de Morée (1828–1829) (Gallica – BnF), Revue des deux Mondes, 141, 1er mai 1897.
- ^ Alexandre Duheaume, Souvenirs de la Morée, pour servir à l'histoire de l'expédition française en 1828–1829. (Gallica – BnF), Anselin, Paris, 1833.
- ^ Jacques Mangeart, Souvenirs de la Morée: recueillis pendant le séjour des Français dans le Peloponèse (Google books), Igonette, Paris, 1830.
- ^ Gaspard Roux, Histoire médicale de l'armée française en Morée, pendant la campagne de 1828 (Google books), Méquignon l'aîné père, Paris, 1829.
Bibliography
- Mullié, Charles (1852). "MAISON (NICOLAS-JOSEPH)". (in French). Paris: Poignavant et Compagnie.
- "Nicolas Joseph Maison", in Adolphe Robert and Gaston Cougny, Dictionnaire des parlementaires français (1789–1891), Bourloton, Paris, 1889.
External links
- Resources related to his public life: Base Léonore ; Base Sycomore :
- "Notice no. LH/1698/41". Base Léonore (in French). (National Order of the Legion of Honour)
- "List of the peerage of Nicolas, Joseph Maison (1771–1840)". (French Senate)
- Defence Historical Service – Fort de Vincennes :
- File S.H.A.T. Reference : 6 Yd 34.