Nikolai Ostrovsky
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Nikolai Ostrovsky Николай Островский | |
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Socialist Realist | |
Notable works | How the Steel Was Tempered |
Spouse | Raisa Porfyrivna (née Motsyuk) |
Nikolai Alekseyevich Ostrovsky (
Life
Ostrovsky was born in the village of Viliya (today a village in
According to the official biography,[. He returned to the army only to be wounded again and was demobilized on medical grounds.
In 1921, he began working in railway workshops of Kiev as an electrician and as the secretary of the local Komsomol.
Having
Undaunted by his immobility and blindness, in 1930, he began work on his first novel,
After living for years with paralysis, illness and blindness due to congenital ankylosing spondylitis as well as complications from typhus, Ostrovsky died on 22 December 1936, aged 32. Because of his early death, he was unable to complete his second novel, Born of the Storm, on the Russian Civil War.
Legacy
His novel How the Steel Was Tempered is considered one of the most influential works of Communist literature. In Moscow during the Communist period the Ostrovsky Museum and the Ostrovsky Humanitarian centre were built. They preserve his study and bedroom, while other exhibits include showcases of the achievements of disabled people like Nikolai Fenomenov and Ludmilla Rogova.[1]
There also was established by the Central Committee of Komsomol of Ukraine the Ostrovsky Republican Prize.
The 2015 Ukrainian decommunization laws ban the use of Ostrovsky's name for the naming of public places.[2] Hence Kyiv's Ostrovsky Park was renamed Mykola Zerov Park in 2020.[3]
A monument to Ostrovsky in Shepetivka was dismantled in December 2022 after the Ukrainian Ministry of Culture and Information Policy had removed it from its list of "monumental art of local significance".[4]
Quotations
The dearest possession of any person is life. It is given only once, and it must not be lived only to feel tortured by regrets for wasted years or to know the burning shame of a mean and petty past; so live that when dying you have a right to say: all my life, all my strength was given to the finest cause in the world – the fight for the liberation of humankind.
References
- ^ ISBN 1-85828-700-6.
- Istorychna Pravda(19 November 2021)
- ^ Kyiv City Council renamed the Ostrovsky Park in honor of the Ukrainian poet Zerov, Interfax-Ukraine (28 February 2020) (in Ukrainian)
- Ukrayinska Pravda(in Ukrainian). Retrieved 26 December 2022.
Sources
- Елена Толстая-Сегал, К литературному фону книги : 'Как закалялась сталь', Cahiers du Monde Russe Année 1981 22-4 pp. 375–399
- Лев Аннинский, Обрученные с идеей (О повести 'Как закалялась сталь' Николая Островского)
- Раиса Островская, Николай Островский, серия ЖЗЛ, Молодая гвардия, 1984
- Евгений Бузни, Литературное досье Николая Островского
- Тамара Андронова, Слишком мало осталось жить... Николай Островский. Биография. – М.: Государственный музей – Гуманитарный центр «Преодоление» имени Н.А. Островского, 2014.
- Entry in the Encyclopedia of Soviet Writers
- Jurij Mycyk. Did the Author of Pavka Korchagin Take Part in the Civil War? (in Ukrainian)
- Bohdan Dem′janchuk. How Ostrovsky Was Tempered (in Ukrainian)
- Petro Kraljuk. The "Steel" Man from Shepetivka (in Ukrainian)
- Svitlana Kabachynsjka. Life Free from Shame (in Russian)
- The Nikolay Ostrovsky state museum - humanitarian center "Overcoming" at Google Cultural Institute
External links
Media related to Nikolai Ostrovsky at Wikimedia Commons