Ninam language

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Yanam
Ninam
Native to
Yanomam
  • Yanam
Language codes
ISO 639-3shb
Glottolognina1238
ELPNinam
Yanomaman languages location
  Ninam

Yanam, or Ninam, is a

rivers.

Synonymy

Yanam is also known by the following names: Ninam, Yanam–Ninam, Xirianá, Shiriana Casapare, Kasrapai, Jawaperi, Crichana, Jawari, Shiriana, Eastern Yanomaman.

Regional variation

Gordon (2009) reports 2 main varieties (Northern, Southern). Kaufman (1994) reports 3:

  1. Yanam (a.k.a. Northern Yanam/Ninam (Xiliana, Shiriana, Uraricaa-Paragua))
  2. Ninam (a.k.a. Southern Yanam/Ninam (Xilixana, Shirishana, Mukajai))
  3. Jawarib

The name Jawari is shared with

Yaroamë
.

There are three dialects spoken in Roraima, Brazil according to Ferreira, et al. (2019):[2]

  • Northern (Xiriana): Ericó and Saúba
  • Southern: Mucajaí
  • Central:
    Uraricoera

The remaining speakers of Arutani and Sapé also speak Ninam (Shirián), since they now mostly live in Ninam villages.[3][4]

Phonology

Yanam has seven base vowels. Yanam has both vowel length and nasalization, and both features can occur simultaneously, for all vowels except for /ɨ/.[5]

Vowels
Front Central Back
Close i ɨ u
Mid e ə o
Open a
Consonants
Bilabial Alveolar Palatal Velar Glottal
plain aspirated
Stop p
t
k
Affricate t͡ʃ
Fricative s ʃ h
Nasal m
n
Approximant j
Flap ɾ

References

  1. ^ a b Yanam at Ethnologue (25th ed., 2022) Closed access icon
  2. ^ Rosés Labrada, Jorge Emilio, Thiago Chacon & Francia Medina. 2020. Arutani (Venezuela and Brazil) – Language Snapshot. In Peter K. Austin (ed.) Language Documentation and Description 17, 170-177. London: EL Publishing.
  3. ^ Jorge Emilio Rosés Labrada & Francia Medina (2019). Sapé (Venezuela) — Language Snapshot. In Peter K. Austin (ed.) Language Documentation and Description, vol 16. London: EL Publishing. pp. 169-175.
  4. ^ "SAPhon – South American Phonological Inventories". linguistics.berkeley.edu. Retrieved 2018-08-14.

External links