Ningde
Ningde
宁德市 | ||
---|---|---|
License Plate 闽J | | |
Local variety | Eastern Min | |
City flowers | Canna indica | |
Website | ningde.gov.cn |
Ningde[a] is a city located along the northeastern coast of Fujian, China. It borders the provincial capital of Fuzhou City to the south, Wenzhou City of Zhejiang to the north, and Nanping to the west.
The
Situated roughly 300 kilometres (190 mi) north of the
Economy
Agriculture
The warm and moist climate and fertile land in the prefecture of Ningde provide it with favorable conditions for agriculture. The largest agricultural exports from Ningde include mushroom and tea. The area also produces large quantities of various fruits, such as shaddocks, Chinese chestnuts, plums, honey peaches, lychees and longans.
Tea cultivation has long been an important industry of Ningde. By 1999 statistics, the total area of tea plantations in Ningde had reached 463 square kilometres (179 sq mi) and the output of green tea took up 10.5 percent of that of the entire country. More than 1.2 million jobs were created directly and indirectly in different stages of the tea industry. Famous brands include the Tianshan Silver-Needle Tea, Baihao Silver-Needle Tea, Fenghuangshe, Lianyue Flower Tea and Xianyan Snow Peak.
The mountainous landscape and advantageous climate conditions are also beneficial to the development of forestry. Up to 1999, 8,482 square kilometres (3,275 sq mi), or 65.2 percent of the entire prefecture, are forested. Out of this area, bamboo groves occupy 600 square kilometres (230 sq mi), producing an annual output of six million bamboo products. In Fu'an alone, the green bamboo base has extended to 34 square kilometres (13 sq mi) and its output of green bamboo shoots takes up more than 60 percent of the entire provincial output.
Aquaculture
The prefecture of Ningde is blessed with vast area of shallow sea, which is suitable for
.Local government is attempting to use aquaculture as a springboard to eliminate poverty and improve the local economy. Up to 2000, aquaculture had created 370,000 jobs directly and indirectly; a total of RMB 4.5 billion had been invested, drawing an annual output value of RMB 2 billion.
Industry
Ningde is the producer of many nonmetallic mineral resources, such as granite, diorite and basalt. The confirmed volume of granite reserves extends to 1,140 million cubic meters, while estimated amount of deposits undiscovered stands at several thousand million cubic meters. The mining area for basalt in Bailin, Fuding, known as Fuding Black, covers 0.21 square kilometres (0.081 sq mi) with a total deposit of up to 50 million cubic meters.[citation needed]
Ningde's rich hydropower resources give it a headstart in metallurgical industries. Products such as
Ningde owns electricity industry providing energy supply for the need of local as well as for other metropolitan areas such as Fuzhou and Wenzhou. China Datang Corporation runs 2520 MW fired power plant in Fu'an City. The first nuclear power plant Ningde Nuclear Power Plant start to operate from 2008. CFR-600 is under construction in Xiapu county.
Battery industry is another fast growing sector in Ningde region.
Demographic substructure
According to the
Map |
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Jiaocheng Xiapu County Shouning County Zherong County |
English Name | Simplified | Pinyin | Foochow | Area | Population | Density |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Jiaocheng District
|
蕉城区 | Jiāochéng Qū | Ciĕu-siàng-kṳ̆ | 1,537 | 623,840 | 279 |
Fu'an City | 福安市 | Fú'ān Shì | Hók-ăng-chê | 1,795 | 563,640 | 314 |
Fuding City | 福鼎市 | Fúdǐng Shì | Hók-tīng-chê | 1,526 | 529,534 | 347 |
Xiapu County
|
霞浦县 | Xiápǔ Xiàn | Hà-puō-gâing | 1,716 | 461,176 | 269 |
Gutian County | 古田县 | Gǔtián Xiàn | Kŭ-chèng-gâing | 2,377 | 323,700 | 136 |
Pingnan County | 屏南县 | Píngnán Xiàn | Bìng-nàng-gâing | 1,485 | 137,724 | 93 |
Shouning County
|
寿宁县 | Shòuníng Xiàn | Sêu-nìng-gâing | 1,425 | 175,874 | 123 |
Zherong County
|
柘荣县 | Zhèróng Xiàn | Ciá-ìng-gâing | 544 | 88,387 | 162 |
Zhouning County | 周宁县 | Zhōuníng Xiàn | Ciŭ-nìng-gâing | 1,047 | 112,701 | 108 |
Climate
It is subjected to a
Climate data for Ningde (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–2010) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 25.4 (77.7) |
28.7 (83.7) |
30.9 (87.6) |
33.9 (93.0) |
36.1 (97.0) |
38.2 (100.8) |
40.2 (104.4) |
37.8 (100.0) |
37.5 (99.5) |
32.7 (90.9) |
32.4 (90.3) |
26.2 (79.2) |
40.2 (104.4) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 14.0 (57.2) |
14.8 (58.6) |
17.5 (63.5) |
22.3 (72.1) |
26.4 (79.5) |
30.1 (86.2) |
33.5 (92.3) |
32.8 (91.0) |
30.1 (86.2) |
26.0 (78.8) |
21.4 (70.5) |
16.5 (61.7) |
23.8 (74.8) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | 10.6 (51.1) |
11.2 (52.2) |
13.6 (56.5) |
18.2 (64.8) |
22.6 (72.7) |
26.4 (79.5) |
29.4 (84.9) |
28.9 (84.0) |
26.5 (79.7) |
22.3 (72.1) |
17.9 (64.2) |
12.8 (55.0) |
20.0 (68.1) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 8.3 (46.9) |
8.8 (47.8) |
11.0 (51.8) |
15.2 (59.4) |
19.7 (67.5) |
23.6 (74.5) |
26.3 (79.3) |
25.9 (78.6) |
23.6 (74.5) |
19.3 (66.7) |
15.2 (59.4) |
10.2 (50.4) |
17.3 (63.1) |
Record low °C (°F) | −0.3 (31.5) |
1.4 (34.5) |
2.2 (36.0) |
7.3 (45.1) |
13.4 (56.1) |
16.4 (61.5) |
21.2 (70.2) |
21.5 (70.7) |
15.6 (60.1) |
10.7 (51.3) |
5.5 (41.9) |
−1.4 (29.5) |
−1.4 (29.5) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 81.9 (3.22) |
101.6 (4.00) |
166.4 (6.55) |
147.2 (5.80) |
217.2 (8.55) |
297.6 (11.72) |
207.5 (8.17) |
323.0 (12.72) |
213.0 (8.39) |
85.5 (3.37) |
89.4 (3.52) |
74.4 (2.93) |
2,004.7 (78.94) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 13.5 | 15.1 | 18.5 | 16.3 | 18.0 | 17.6 | 13.1 | 16.2 | 14.6 | 9.0 | 11.3 | 11.5 | 174.7 |
Average snowy days | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.1 | 0.5 |
Average relative humidity (%)
|
77 | 79 | 79 | 78 | 79 | 81 | 76 | 76 | 75 | 71 | 74 | 74 | 77 |
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 92.2 | 83.5 | 95.4 | 114.8 | 121.6 | 128.6 | 209.1 | 180.6 | 151.4 | 152.8 | 107.4 | 105.9 | 1,543.3 |
Percent possible sunshine | 28 | 26 | 25 | 30 | 29 | 31 | 50 | 45 | 41 | 43 | 33 | 33 | 35 |
Source: China Meteorological Administration[4][5] |
History
Ningde's history dates back to the Stamped Pottery Culture System (海印紋陶文化系統 Hāi-éng-ùng-dò̤ Ùng-huá Hiê-tūng). As early as 10,000 to 20,000 years ago during the late
Mongol-Manchu
During the first twenty-three years of the Yuan dynasty (1206−1368), Funingzhou (福寧州 Hók-nìng-ciŭ) Administration was set up. In 1736, during the reign of the Yongzheng Emperor of the Qing dynasty, Ningde was promoted to Funingfu (福寧府 Hók-nìng-hū) Administration.[citation needed]
Republican
In 1934, an Administration Supervision Zone was set up here under the