No. 101 Squadron RAF

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No. 101 Squadron RAF
Squadron badge
Squadron badge
Active
  • 12 Jul 1917 – 31 Dec 1919
  • 21 Mar 1928 – 1 Feb 1957
  • 15 Oct 1957 – 4 Aug 1982
  • 1 May 1984 – present
Country
Latin for 'Mind over matter')[1]
AircraftAirbus A330 Voyager K2/K3
Battle honours * Honours marked with an asterisk may be emblazoned on the Squadron Standard
Commanders
Current
commander		Wg Cdr Paul Summers
Insignia
Squadron badge heraldryIssuant from the battlements of a tower, a demi lion rampant guardant.[2] The battlements symbolise the squadron's pioneering role in the development of power-operated gun turrets, while the lion indicates the unit's fighting power and spirit. Approved by King George VI in February 1938
Squadron codesLU (Apr 1939 - Sep 1939)
SR (Sep 1939 - Apr 1951)
MW ('C' Flight - May 1942)

No. 101 Squadron of the

air-to-air refuelling and transport roles from RAF Brize Norton, Oxfordshire
.

History

Formation and early years

101 Squadron RFC was formed at Farnborough on 12 July 1917 operating the Royal Aircraft Factory FE2b. Two weeks later it moved to France to operate as a night bomber squadron. In March 1919 the squadron returned to the UK and it was disbanded on 31 December 1919.[3]

Reformation and World War II

standing operating procedure of radio silence to conduct the jamming made the aircraft highly vulnerable to being tracked and attacked, which resulted in 101 Squadron having the highest casualty rate of any RAF squadron.[4]

Post-war

In October 1945, the squadron moved to

Quteibi tribe at Thumier in Aden in October 1947.[5]

On 25 May 1950, the squadron took delivery of its first

9, 12, 50, 101 and 617.[6]

In June 1954, the squadron became the first to receive the B.6 variant of the Canberra. After full conversion to the type, the Binbrook Wing of five squadrons undertook an intensive training programme in readiness for staged detachments to

guerrillas
. 101 Squadron became the first RAF jet bomber squadron to serve in the
Hal Far, Malta during the Suez crisis. With the entry into service of the V bombers, Canberras in the bomber role were becoming outmoded. Consequently, 101 Squadron was temporarily disbanded on 1 February 1957.[3]

Vulcans

101 Squadron Vulcan B.2 of the RAF Waddington Wing in 1972

The squadron reformed on 15 October 1957 as part of

ECM tailpod. The squadron's assigned role was high-level strategic bombing with a variety of free fall nuclear bombs. These included American bombs supplied to the RAF under Project E.[7]

On 20 June 1961 a 101 Squadron Vulcan B1A (XH481) flew non-stop from

Royal Australian Air Force Base Richmond, NSW, the longest recorded non-stop flight by a Vulcan, and the 10,000 nmi flight[8] still stands as a record for the Vulcan, exceeding the mileage done by the Black Buck Vulcan[9] by some 3,000 nmi.[10]

After the advent of effective Soviet

V bombers from high-altitude operations to low-level penetration operations in March 1963, the squadron's Vulcans adopted a mission profile that included a 'pop-up' manoeuvre from 500–1,000 ft to above 12,000 ft for safe release of Yellow Sun Mk2.[11]

By Dec 1967[12] the squadron was re-equipped with eight Vulcan B2 aircraft and eight WE.177B laydown bombs[13] which improved aircraft survivability by enabling aircraft to remain at low-level during weapon release.[14]

A VC10 K3 in 2013 the last year of operation.

Following the transfer of responsibility for the nuclear deterrent to the Royal Navy the squadron was reassigned to

SACEUR for tactical strike missions still armed with the WE.177B bomb and a variety of conventional munitions. In a high-intensity European war the squadron's new role was to support land forces on the Continent resisting an assault on Western Europe by the Red Army, by striking deep into enemy-held areas beyond the forward edge of the battlefield, striking at enemy concentrations and infrastructure, first with conventional weapons and secondly with WE.177 tactical nuclear weapons as required, should a conflict escalate to that stage. The squadron continued in this role until the Falklands War of 1982[15] when the squadron performed operations during the campaign in the South Atlantic, and was then disbanded on 4 August 1982.[3]

Tankers

In 1978, the RAF announced a plan to convert second-hand civil

aerial refuelling aircraft and the first K2 flew in 1982.[16] No 101 Squadron was chosen to operate the aircraft and was reformed at RAF Brize Norton on 1 May 1984. Notable recent deployments of 101 Squadron include the Gulf War and the 2003 invasion of Iraq.[3] The VC10 aircraft was retired on 20 September 2013, and was replaced by the Airbus Voyager.[17]

Aircraft operated

Airbus Voyager
data from[18][19][20]
From To Aircraft Version
July 1917 March 1918 Royal Aircraft Factory B.E.12 BE.12
July 1917 March 1918 Royal Aircraft Factory B.E.12 BE.12a
July 1917 March 1919 Royal Aircraft Factory F.E.2 FE.2b and FE.2d
April 1928 July 1936 Boulton Paul Sidestrand Mk.III
November 1928 June 1929 de Havilland DH.9A
January 1935 August 1938 Boulton Paul Overstrand Mk.I (four converted from Sidestrands)
June 1938 April 1939 Bristol Blenheim Mk.I
April 1939 May 1941 Bristol Blenheim IV Mk.IV
April 1941 February 1942 Vickers Wellington Mk.Ic
February 1942 October 1942 Vickers Wellington Mk.III
October 1942 August 1946 Avro Lancaster Mk.I & Mk.III
August 1946 June 1951 Avro Lincoln B.2
June 1951 August 1954 English Electric Canberra B.2
June 1954 January 1957 English Electric Canberra B.6
October 1957 May 1962 Avro Vulcan B.1
March 1961 December 1967 Avro Vulcan B.1a
December 1967 August 1982 Avro Vulcan B.2
February 1984 March 2001 Vickers VC10 K2
February 1985 September 2013 Vickers VC10 K3
July 1994 March 2013 Vickers VC10 K4
October 2005 July 2013 Vickers VC10 C1K
October 2013 present Airbus Voyager KC2 and KC3

See also

References

Notes

  1. ISBN 0-7100-9339-X
    .
  2. ^ Moyes 1976, p. 135.
  3. ^ a b c d "101 Squadron". RAF Museum. Retrieved 30 June 2019.
  4. ^ "John Hereford". Obituaries. The Daily Telegraph. 13 December 2007. Archived from the original on 13 February 2008. Retrieved 30 June 2019.
  5. ^ "British Military Aviation in 1947". RAF Museum. Archived from the original on 30 June 2019. Retrieved 30 June 2019.
  6. ^ "Binbrook Canberras" (PDF). Flight International. 10 October 1952. Retrieved 30 June 2019.
  7. ISBN 978-0-85979-127-4
  8. ^ Great Circle Mapper shows 9,108 nm by shortest Great Circle route, but the Vulcan could not fly the shortest route over the USSR and China, although this Great Circle route was greater than the 6,753 nm return flight of Black Buck.
  9. ^ Shortest Great Circle route.
  10. ^ McLelland. p161-2.
  11. ^ McLelland p. 155.
  12. ISBN 0-11-772833-0
  13. ^ RAF nuclear front line Order-of-Battle 1966-67
  14. ^ Weapon overview @ www.nuclear-weapons.info/vw.htm#WE.177 Carriage
  15. ^ RAF nuclear front line Order-of-Battle 1982
  16. ^ A Little VC10derness website
  17. ^ "ZZ338 arrival completes the RAF Voyager core fleet". Airtanker. Archived from the original on 7 January 2016. Retrieved 2 June 2014.
  18. ^ Moyes 1976, pp. 137-138.
  19. ^ Halley 1988, p. 176.
  20. ^ Jefford 2001, p. 57.

Bibliography

External links

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