Norman Shumway

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This article is about the American heart surgeon. For the American politician, see Norman D. Shumway.
Norman Shumway
Born(1923-02-09)February 9, 1923
Heart Surgery
InstitutionsStanford University

Norman Edward Shumway (February 9, 1923 – February 10, 2006) was a pioneer of heart surgery at Stanford University.[1] He was the 67th president of the American Association for Thoracic Surgery and the first to perform an adult human to human heart transplantation in the United States.[2]

Early life

Shumway was born in

John Tarleton Agricultural College in Stephenville, Texas for engineering training. He then underwent Army Specialized Training, which included nine months of pre-medical training at Baylor University, followed by enrollment at Vanderbilt University for medical school. He received his M.D. from Vanderbilt in 1949.[6]

Early surgical career

Shumway did his

San Francisco, California, and later, in Palo Alto when the hospital was moved.[1]

He spent many years training promising young residents of cardiology and cardiothoracic surgery at Stanford University. Among his notable trainees is Stanford cardiologist

Gambia who was appointed in 2014 as the U.S. National Institutes of Health Chief Officer for Scientific Workforce Diversity. He also worked with pathologist Margaret Billingham in acute organ rejection and trained Philip Caves, cardiothoracic surgeon, who returned to Scotland to work in heart surgery in newborns.[8]

Heart transplant pioneer

Shumway and Barnard crossed paths again in 1966 when Barnard visited Stanford.[7] The United States legislation in 1967 did not allow the acquisition of an organ from a heart beating donor. Following the first heart transplant in 1967 by Barnard in South Africa, the concept of brain death, already described in 1959 by French neurologists, became more widely accepted. This was followed by changing guidelines and legislation in various countries.[7]

In collaboration with

heart transplant operation in the United States in 1968, after Barnard's operation in South Africa, and Adrian Kantrowitz's at Maimonides Medical Center in Brooklyn, New York, both in 1967. It is said, that Barnard's work is partly based upon the work of Vladimir Demikhov, Shumway and Richard Lower.[6][5] The early years of the procedure were difficult, with few patients surviving for long. Shumway was the only American surgeon to continue performing the operation after the poor survival outcomes of these early transplants.[10][11][12]

In the 1970s he and his team refined the operation, tackling the problems of rejection and the necessity for potentially dangerous drugs to suppress the immune system. In particular, he pioneered the use of cyclosporine, instead of traditional drugs, which made the operation safer.[13]

Shumway was inspired by Nobel Prize winners, Joseph Murray and Peter Medawar.[5][14]

The world's first heart-lung transplant was performed in 1981, by both Shumway and Bruce Reitz.[5]

Awards

Family life

Shumway's marriage to the former Mary Lou Stuurmans ended in divorce. The couple had four children, one of whom directs heart and lung transplantation at the University of Minnesota.

Cancer and death

Shumway died of lung cancer in Palo Alto in 2006, on the day after his 83rd birthday.[1][24][25] He has been described as 'humble', 'focused' and shying away from publicity.[2][26]

Selected publications

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d "Norman Shumway, Heart Transplantation Pioneer, Dies at 83". News Center. 10 February 2006. Retrieved 16 July 2017.
  2. ^
    PMID 22014718
    .
  3. ^ "Eskind Biomedical Library - History of Cardiac Surgery: Dr. Norman Shumway". www.library.vanderbilt.edu. Retrieved 10 Feb 2017.
  4. ^
    ISBN 978-1-78326-386-8
    .
  5. ^
    ISSN 0362-4331
    . Retrieved 2017-07-20.
  6. ^ a b c McRae, D. (2007). Every Second Counts. Berkley.
  7. ^
    ISBN 978-1-4471-3689-7
    .
  8. ^ England, Royal College of Surgeons of. "Caves, Philip Kennedy - Biographical entry - Plarr's Lives of the Fellows Online". livesonline.rcseng.ac.uk. Retrieved 2017-11-09.
  9. ^ Arthur H. Aufses, Barbara Niss, This house of noble deeds: the Mount Sinai Hospital, 1852-2002, Google Books
  10. ^
    PMID 10875041
    .
  11. ^ Brandt, Michelle (12 February 2003). "Reunion celebrates 35 years of heart transplantation at Stanford Hospital". Stanford Report. Stanford University. Retrieved 23 July 2017.
  12. ^ Richter, Ruthann (2008). "What have we done? Forty Years of Heart Transplants". Retrieved 23 July 2017.
  13. PBS
    , 8 April 1997
  14. ^ "Norman Shumway". Independent. 16 February 2006.
  15. ISSN 0362-4331
    . Retrieved 2017-07-20.
  16. ISBN 978-3-922777-42-7
    .
  17. PMID 21423461
    .
  18. ^ "News from the American Heart Association" (PDF). American Heart Association Journal. 1982. Retrieved 20 July 2017.
  19. ^ "Vanderbilt News:Renowned transplant surgeon receives Distinguished Alumnus Award". www.vanderbilt.edu. Retrieved 2017-07-20.
  20. ^ "Medical School 1985 Commencement" (PDF). 7 June 1985.
  21. ^ "Award Recipients | The Michael E. DeBakey International Surgical Society". debakeysoc.com. Retrieved 2017-07-20.
  22. ^ The Newsletter of the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation, Volume 1, Issue 1 Archived 2005-08-24 at the Wayback Machine, Ishlt.org, Summer 1998
  23. ^ Dinakaran Soundara Paulraj (2014-04-12). "Relation between norman and heart transplantation".
  24. ^ "Norman Shumway, Heart Transplantation Pioneer, Dies At 83" Archived 2012-07-15 at archive.today, Stanford University School of Medicine News, 2 October 2006
  25. ^ Altman, Lawrence K. (February 11, 2006). "Norman E. Shumway, 83, Who Made the Heart Transplant a Standard Operation, Dies". The New York Times.
  26. ^ "Norman Shumway". The Independent. 2006-02-16. Archived from the original on October 21, 2017. Retrieved 2017-07-24.
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