Norrbotten County
Norrbotten County
Norrbottens län ( Northern Sami) | ||
---|---|---|
Coordinates: 67°00′N 19°42′E / 67°N 19.7°E | ||
Country | Sweden | |
Formed | 1810 | |
Capital | Luleå | |
Municipalities | ||
Government | ||
• Governor | NUTS Region SE332 | |
Website | www |
Norrbotten County (
The name "Norrbotten" is also used for a province of the same name. Norrbotten province covers only the eastern part of Norrbotten County – the inland mostly belongs to the Swedish Lapland province (Lappland).
The capital of Norrbotten is Luleå, whereas other significant towns include Boden, Kiruna and Piteå. The majority of the population lives in the namesake province, whereas the Lapland part of the county is sparsely populated.
The northern part of Norrbotten lies within the Arctic Circle.
Provinces
Geography
Norrbotten County covers almost one quarter of Sweden's land area, but is sparsely inhabited. This is especially true for inland parts of Lapland.
The climate is generally cold, because of its northern location. However, the long summer days allow crops to ripen within two to three months, and agriculture is traditionally important, particularly near the coast and along the lower reaches of the Torne River. Grains, particularly barley, potatoes and turnips are grown to some extent, but the most important crop is hay for livestock. There are around 250,000 reindeer in the winter herd, a number regulated by the Swedish state. The reindeer are herded by the Indigenous Sámi, organised in 15 Sámi Mountain villages, 9 Forest Sámi villages and 8 concession Sámi villages. Hunting and fishing is of major importance for the local inhabitants.
Major
The county includes many islands in the
Population
The population has increased during the last hundred years. The estimated 2002 population was 250,000. In the 1912 census, the population was 166,641 (4,000 more males than females), of which about 120,000 were in the Norrbotten province part. Twenty years earlier, in 1892, the population was only 110,000.[citation needed] Since the 1960s, however, most municipalities of the county have experienced a decrease in population, particularly those inland.
Riksdag elections
The table details all Riksdag election results of Norrbotten County since the unicameral era began in 1970. The blocs denote which party would support the Prime Minister or the lead opposition party towards the end of the elected parliament.
Year | Turnout | Votes | V | S
|
MP | C | L | KD | M | SD | NyD | Left | Right |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1970[7] | 86.4 | 150,316 | 13.7 | 51.7 | 15.8 | 8.4 | 2.3 | 7.5 | 65.4 | 31.7 | |||
1973[8] | 89.6 | 157,383 | 13.5 | 52.1 | 18.5 | 5.1 | 2.1 | 8.1 | 65.5 | 31.6 | |||
1976[9] | 90.3 | 169,641 | 11.2 | 53.7 | 18.2 | 6.0 | 2.0 | 8.1 | 64.9 | 32.4 | |||
1979[10] | 90.3 | 172,587 | 10.3 | 55.4 | 13.8 | 5.9 | 2.0 | 10.3 | 65.6 | 30.0 | |||
1982[11] | 90.6 | 175,156 | 10.4 | 58.8 | 1.0 | 11.6 | 3.1 | 2.2 | 11.8 | 69.2 | 26.5 | ||
1985[12] | 89.1 | 174,171 | 10.3 | 59.0 | 0.8 | 10.3 | 8.1 | 10.9 | 69.3 | 29.3 | |||
1988[13] | 85.1 | 166,243 | 10.2 | 58.1 | 3.6 | 8.6 | 7.5 | 2.4 | 8.5 | 72.0 | 24.6 | ||
1991[14] | 85.3 | 167,424 | 9.1 | 55.5 | 2.4 | 7.3 | 6.9 | 4.6 | 11.0 | 2.8 | 64.5 | 29.8 | |
1994[15] | 87.4 | 174,045 | 11.4 | 60.6 | 3.5 | 5.4 | 4.7 | 2.6 | 10.3 | 0.3 | 75.5 | 23.1 | |
1998[16] | 82.0 | 160,277 | 22.2 | 47.4 | 3.4 | 4.4 | 3.0 | 6.5 | 11.8 | 72.9 | 25.6 | ||
2002[17] | 80.7 | 154,978 | 12.7 | 47.9 | 5.2 | 5.1 | 6.5 | 5.3 | 7.2 | 0.3 | 65.9 | 24.1 | |
2006[18] | 81.8 | 156,576 | 10.5 | 51.5 | 4.1 | 6.4 | 4.3 | 4.2 | 13.4 | 1.5 | 66.1 | 28.3 | |
2010[19] | 84.9 | 164,963 | 9.3 | 51.9 | 5.3 | 4.7 | 4.3 | 3.3 | 16.4 | 3.9 | 66.4 | 28.6 | |
2014[20] | 85.6 | 166,177 | 8.6 | 48.7 | 4.9 | 4.5 | 3.2 | 3.0 | 12.9 | 11.0 | 62.2 | 23.7 | |
2018[21] | 86.7 | 166,678 | 10.7 | 41.7 | 2.8 | 7.1 | 3.2 | 4.6 | 12.8 | 15.8 | 62.2 | 36.4 | |
2022[22] | 84.6 | 163,242 | 7.0 | 41.6 | 3.4 | 5.3 | 2.5 | 5.1 | 13.6 | 20.3 | 57.3 | 41.5 |
History
During the
In the first half of the 17th century several ore deposits were discovered in what is now known as Norrbotten County.[23] The silver of Nasafjäll was discovered during the autumn of 1634[23] and subsequently mined from 1635 to 1659 and from the 1770s to 1810.[24][25][26]
Following the Finnish War in 1809, Västerbotten County was split between Sweden and Finland, with the larger part remaining within the Swedish borders. In 1810, the county was divided again when Norrbotten County was created out of the northern part, on the Swedish side. Most people in Norrbotten County still refer to the entire county, including the areas in Swedish Lapland, when they say 'Norrbotten'.
The
Heraldry
The
Culture
This section's tone or style may not reflect the encyclopedic tone used on Wikipedia. (September 2019) |
Many different cultures can be found in Norrbotten County, including
The coast has the historical cities of
Apart from the
Administration
The main aims of the
Politics
Results of the 2010 Swedish general election in Norrbotten:
- Swedish Social Democratic Workers' Party51.86%
- Moderate Party 16.38%
- Left Party 9.29%
- Green Party 5.26%
- Centre Party 4.65%
- Liberal People's Party4.32%
- Sweden Democrats 3.85%
- Christian Democrats 3.29%
- Other parties 1.10%
Municipalities
Municipality | Population (2020) | Area (km2) | Province |
---|---|---|---|
Arjeplog | 2,757 | 14 494,08 | Lapland |
Arvidsjaur | 6,194 | 6 126,28 | Lapland |
Boden | 28,021 | 4 290,95 | Norrbotten |
Gällivare | 17,511 | 16 818,78 | Lapland |
Haparanda | 9,660 | 1 887,66 | Norrbotten |
Jokkmokk | 4,908 | 19 334,08 | Lapland |
Kalix | 15,873 | 3 715,65 | Norrbotten |
Kiruna | 22,841 | 20 553,28 | Lapland |
Luleå | 78,102 | 4 911,97 | Norrbotten |
Pajala | 6,056 | 8 050,87 | Norrbotten |
Piteå | 42,247 | 4 640,69 | Norrbotten |
Älvsbyn | 8,084 | 1 795,24 | Norrbotten |
Överkalix | 3,305 | 2 919,46 | Norrbotten |
Övertorneå | 4,288 | 2 488,29 | Norrbotten |
The
Foreign background
Location | 2002 | 2006 | 2010 | 2014 | 2018 | 2019 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Arjeplog | 5.8 | 7.1 | 9.5 | 10.9 | 12.0 | 11.8 |
Arvidsjaur | 2.9 | 3.7 | 5.5 | 8.5 | 10.3 | 10.4 |
Boden | 5.2 | 6.4 | 7.3 | 9.8 | 11.3 | 11.7 |
Gällivare | 5.5 | 6.6 | 7.5 | 8.7 | 10.6 | 11.1 |
Haparanda | 50.2 | 50.3 | 50.3 | 50.5 | 52.0 | 51.8 |
Jokkmokk | 5.7 | 6.3 | 8.6 | 11.1 | 13.8 | 13.9 |
Kalix | 9.8 | 10.5 | 11.2 | 11.9 | 13.1 | 13.3 |
Kiruna | 9.6 | 10.2 | 10.8 | 12.0 | 14.1 | 14.5 |
Luleå | 8.9 | 10.1 | 10.8 | 11.7 | 13.5 | 14.0 |
Pajala | 12.2 | 12.3 | 13.1 | 14.2 | 16.3 | 16.8 |
Piteå | 4.2 | 4.7 | 5.1 | 5.8 | 7.5 | 7.8 |
Älvsbyn | 4.0 | 5.5 | 7.0 | 9.2 | 10.8 | 11.9 |
Överkalix | 4.7 | 6.1 | 8.3 | 10.5 | 12.6 | 13.8 |
Övertorneå | 23.6 | 25.3 | 27.6 | 29.7 | 31.1 | 30.1 |
Total | 9.2 | 10.1 | 10.9 | 12.0 | 13.8 | 14.1 |
Source: SCB [27] |
Transportation
The main mode of person travel inside Norrbotten is by car. The distances are long, e.g. 345 km between Luleå and Kiruna. The roads have been given relatively high speed limits compared to southern Sweden, usually 100–110 km/h.
Norrbotten has a railway network focused on heavy freight traffic. There are two main railways.
Air travel is the main mode of travel between Norrbotten and southern Sweden. The main airport is
See also
References and notes
- ^ "The King holds audiences with new county governors". Swedish Royal Court. Archived from the original on 26 August 2021. Retrieved 26 August 2021.
- ^ "Folkmängd i riket, län och kommuner 30 september 2017 och befolkningsförändringar 1 juli–30 september 2017. Totalt". Statistics Sweden. 2017-11-08. Retrieved 2017-11-19.
- ^ Regions and Cities > Regional Statistics > Regional Economy > Regional GDP per Capita, OECD.Stats. Accessed on 16 November 2018.
- ^ Ankre, Rosemarie (2005). "A Case Study of the Luleå archipelago, Sweden" (PDF). Mid-Sweden University. p. 8. Retrieved 2013-10-04.
- ^ "About the Bay of Bothnia". Bottenvikens skärgård. Archived from the original on 2013-10-05. Retrieved 2013-09-30.
- ^ "Index". bottenviken.se. Retrieved 2013-10-02.
- ^ "Riksdagsvalet 1970" (PDF). SCB. Retrieved 21 September 2021.
- ^ "Riksdagsvalet 1973" (PDF) (in Swedish). SCB. Retrieved 14 September 2021.
- ^ "Riksdagsvalet 1976" (PDF) (in Swedish). SCB. Retrieved 14 September 2021.
- ^ "Riksdagsvalet 1979" (PDF) (in Swedish). SCB. Retrieved 14 September 2021.
- ^ "Riksdagsvalet 1982)" (PDF) (in Swedish). SCB. Retrieved 14 September 2021.
- ^ "Riksdagsvalet 1985" (PDF) (in Swedish). SCB. Retrieved 14 September 2021.
- ^ "Riksdagsvalet 1988)" (PDF) (in Swedish). SCB. Retrieved 14 September 2021.
- ^ "Riksdagsvalet 1991" (PDF) (in Swedish). SCB. Retrieved 14 September 2021.
- ^ "Riksdagsvalet 1994" (PDF) (in Swedish). SCB. Retrieved 14 September 2021.
- ^ "Riksdagsvalet 1998" (PDF) (in Swedish). SCB. Retrieved 14 September 2021.
- Valmyndigheten. Archived from the originalon 7 September 2021. Retrieved 14 September 2021.
- Valmyndigheten. Archived from the originalon 28 September 2021. Retrieved 14 September 2021.
- ^ "Röster - Val 2010" (in Swedish). Valmyndigheten. Archived from the original on 17 December 2018. Retrieved 14 September 2021.
- ^ "Röster - Val 2014" (in Swedish). Valmyndigheten. Archived from the original on 11 November 2020. Retrieved 14 September 2021.
- Valmyndigheten. Archived from the originalon 17 December 2018. Retrieved 14 September 2021.
- ^ "Valpresentation". resultat.val.se (in Swedish). Retrieved 2023-01-26.
- ^ a b Hansson 2015, p. 13.
- ^ Hansson 2015, p. 20.
- ^ Hansson 2015, p. 24.
- ^ Hansson 2015, p. 26.
- ^ SCB. Retrieved 11 August 2020.
- article Norrbottens län from Nordisk familjebok (1912).
Books and articles
- Hansson, Staffan (2015). Malmens Land: Gruvnäringen i Norrbotten under 400 år (in Swedish). Tornedalica. ISBN 978-91-972358-9-1.
- Öhman, May-Britt (2016). TechnoVisions of a Sámi Cyborg: Reclaiming Sámi Body-, Land-, and Waterscapes After a Century of Colonial Exploitations in Sábme, in Illdisciplined Gender: Engaging Questions of Nature/Culture and Transgressive Encounters / [ed] Bull, Jacob; Fahlgren, Margaretha, Rotterdam: Springer, 63–98. ISBN 978-3-319-15271-4
- Elenius, Lars, Allard, Christina & Sandström, Camilla (eds.), ISBN 9781317059684
External links
- Norrbotten County Administrative Board
- Norrbotten County Council Archived 2009-06-15 at the Wayback Machine
- Norrbotten Regional Association of Local Authorities
- Sámi Parliament Information Center