North China Plain
North China Plain | ||
---|---|---|
Hanyu Pinyin Huáng-Huái-Hǎi Píngyuán | | |
Gwoyeu Romatzyh | Hwang-Hwai-Hae Pyngyuan | |
Wade–Giles | Huang-Huai-Hai P'ingyüan |
The North China Plain (
The part of the North China Plain around the banks of the middle and lower Yellow River is commonly referred to as the
The multipurpose Xiaolangdi Dam marks the location of the Yellow River's last valley before its waters flow onto the North China Plain, a great delta created from silt deposited at the Yellow River's mouth over millennia. The North China Plain encompasses much of Henan, Hebei, and Shandong provinces, as well as the northern portions of Jiangsu and Anhui. Further south, the North China Plain merges with the similarly flat Yangtze Delta.
The North China Plain is fertile, and it is one of the most densely populated regions in the world. The plain is one of China's most important agricultural regions, producing wheat, maize, sorghum, millet, peanuts, sesame seed, cotton, and various vegetables. It is the main area of sorghum, millet, maize, and cotton production in China. In the eastern part of the plain, Shandong's Shengli Oil Field serves as an important petroleum base. Due to its yellow soil, the North China Plain's nickname is "Land of the yellow earth". The plain covers an area of about 409,500 square kilometers (158,100 sq mi), most of which is less than 50 metres (160 ft) above sea level.
Historical significance
The geography of the North China Plain has had profound cultural and political implications. Unlike areas to the south of the Yangtze, the plain generally runs uninterrupted by mountains and has far fewer rivers. As a result, communication by horse is rapid within the plain, and the spoken language of the plain is relatively uniform, in contrast to the plethora of languages and dialects in
Because the fertile soil of the North China Plain gradually merges with the steppes and deserts of Dzungaria, Inner Mongolia, and Northeast China, the plain has been prone to invasion from nomadic or semi-nomadic tribes originating from those regions, prompting the construction of the Great Wall of China. Although the soil of the North China Plain is fertile, the weather is unpredictable, being at the intersection of humid winds from the Pacific and dry winds from the interior of the Asian continent. This makes the plain prone to both floods and drought. Moreover, the flatness of the plain promotes massive flooding when river works are damaged. Many historians have proposed that these factors have encouraged the development of a centralized Chinese state to manage
Philosophically, the North China Plain was also the birthplace of
Modern history
The initial project of the Great Leap Forward was accelerating the construction of waterworks on the North China Plain during the 1957-1958 winter.[4]: 82
Climate change
As
References
- ^ BASIC INFORMATION ON CHINA [dead link]
- ISBN 978-1-60693-247-6. Retrieved 2 November 2011.
- ISBN 0-691-06694-9
- ISBN 9780295751719.
- ^ .
External links
- Encyclopædia Britannica: "North China Plain"