North Khorasan province

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North Khorasan Province استان خراسان شمالی
Khorasani Turkic
HDI (2017)	0.745[2] high · 29th

North Khorasan Province (

.

At the time of the National Census of 2006, the population of the province was 791,930 in 198,626 households.^[3] The following census in 2011 counted 867,727 people in 240,885 households.^[4] In 2014 it was placed in Region 5.^[5] At the time of the most recent census in 2016, the population had dropped slightly to 863,092 in 254,747 households.^[1]

History

have brought change to the region time and time again. [6] Ancient geographers of Iran divided Iran into eight segments, of which the largest^{[citation needed]} was the territory of Greater Khorasan. Esfarayen, among other cities of the province, was one of the focal points for settlement by Aryan tribes entering Iran.

The Parthian empire was based near Merv in Khorasan for many years. In Parthian times, Esfarayen was one of the important villages of Nishapur.^{[citation needed]}

During the

dynasty, the province was governed by a Spahbod (Lieutenant General) called "Padgoosban" and four margraves, each commander of one of the four parts of the province.

In the year 651, the army of Islamic Arabs invaded Khorasan. The territory remained in the hands of the

.

Seljuq empire rulers

, conquered Nishapur.

Mahmud Qaznavi retaliated against the invaders several times, and finally, the Qaznavi Turks defeated

]

In the 14th century, a flag of independence was hoisted by the

Tamerlane

.

In 1507, Khorasan was occupied by Uzbek tribes. After the death of Nader Shah in 1747, it was occupied by the Afghans.

In 1824, Herat became independent for several years when the Afghan Empire was split between the Durranis and

Administrative divisions

North Khorasan Province Population History

Administrative Divisions	2006[3]	2011[4]	2016[1]
Bam and Safiabad County1	—	—	—
Bojnord County	322,309	365,896	324,083
Esfarayen County	119,152	127,012	120,513
Faruj County	48,743	52,364	49,271
Garmeh County2	—	24,599	25,475
Jajarm County	57,349	36,898	36,673
Maneh County3	—	—	—
Raz and Jargalan County4	—	—	59,210
Samalqan County5	91,884	103,944	101,727
Shirvan County	152,493	157,014	146,140
Total	791,930	867,727	863,092
1Separated from Esfarayen County[9] 2Separated from Jajarm County[10] 3Separated from Maneh and Samalqan County[11] 4Separated from Bojnord County[12] 5Formerly Maneh and Samalqan County[11]

Cities

According to the 2016 census, 484,346 people (over 56% of the population of North Khorasan province) live in the following cities:

North Khorasan today

North Khorasan province is one of the most diverse territories in Iran today, largely reflecting the ethnic make-up of Iran. Most people in North Khorasan are

Previously, there used to be a sizeable community of Arabs who settled in the area during the Arab invasion of Iran. However, by 1875 they had intermarried so extensively with Persians and Turks that they were indistinguishable, having largely abandoned the Arab language and culture in favour of the local one.[16]

Culture

Attractions

This province contains many historical and natural attractions, such as mineral water springs, small lakes, recreational areas, caves, and protected regions, and various hiking areas. Most of the historical relics are from the Qajar era, as earthquakes continue to ravage older relics.^{[citation needed]}

The

lists 1,179 sites of historical and cultural significance in all three provinces of Khorasan.

Some of the popular attractions of North Khorasan are:

• Besh Qardash (five brothers) and Baba-Aman springs
• Jameh Mosque of Jajarm

Colleges and universities

• University of Bojnurd
• Islamic Azad University of Bojnurd
• Eshragh Institute of Higher Education (Bojnurd, North Khorasan)
• Islamic Azad University of Shiravan
• Hakiman Institute of Higher Education (Bojnurd, North Khorasan)
• Khorasan University of Medical Science (Bojnurd, North Khorasan)^{[permanent dead link]}

Gallery

• 
  Esfarayen
• 
  Jajarm
• 
  Bojnord
• 
  Bojnord
• 
  Bojnord
• 
  Bojnord
• 
  Faruj

See also

• Khorasan
• Greater Khorasan
• Razavi Khorasan
• South Khorasan
• History of Iran

References

External links

• The text of the law for division of Khorasan into three provinces (in Persian)
• Cultural Heritage Foundation of Khorasan