Northwestern Europe

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Map of the countries included in a minimum definition of Northwestern Europe

Northwestern Europe, or Northwest Europe, is a loosely defined subregion of Europe, overlapping Northern and Western Europe. The term is used in geographic,[1] history,[2] and military contexts.[3]

Geographic definitions

Geographically, Northwestern Europe is given by some sources as a region which includes Great Britain,[4] Ireland,[4] Belgium,[5] the Netherlands,[5] Luxembourg,[6] Northern France,[5] parts of or all of Germany,[7][6] Denmark,[4] Norway,[6] Sweden,[6] and Iceland.[2][8] In some works, Switzerland, Finland, and Austria are also included as part of Northwestern Europe.[6]

Under the

European Territorial Cooperation that includes Belgium, Ireland, Luxembourg, Switzerland, the Netherlands and parts of France and Germany.[7]

Ethnography

During the

Protestantism,[9] in a manner which differentiated the region from its Catholic neighbors elsewhere in Europe.[10][11]

A definition of Northwestern Europe was used by some late 19th to mid 20th century

Nordicists, who used the term as a shorthand term for the part of Europe with a predominantly Nordic population.[12][13][14][15] For example, Arthur de Gobineau, the 19th-century aristocrat who published works on the pseudoscience of scientific racism, included parts of Northwestern Europe in what Leon Baradat described as his "Aryan heaven".[16]

Genetics

There is close genetic affinity among Northwest European populations,

steppe ancestry.[citation needed] For example, the Beaker people of the lower Rhine overturned 90% of Great Britain's gene pools, replacing the Basque-like neolithic populations present prior.[18]

See also

References

  1. JSTOR 2561644
    .
  2. ^
    ISBN 9781107037632
    .
  3. ISBN 9780198606963
    .
  4. ^
    ISBN 9780521455565. the area covered is northwestern Europe [..including..] the Atlantic coasts of Britain, Ireland and northern France, together with all English Channel coastlines and the fringes of the North Sea as far east as Skagerrak
    , and as far north as [..] Bergen in Norway
  5. ^
    ISBN 9782735108176
    .
  6. ^
    ISBN 9781317633105
    . Northwestern Europe: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Iceland, Ireland, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Scotland, United Kingdom, Switzerland
  7. ^ a b "Interreg North-West Europe". nweurope.eu. Interreg NWE. Retrieved 17 August 2023. The North-West Europe area [..] programme covers Belgium, Ireland, Luxembourg, The Netherlands, Switzerland as well as parts of France and Germany
  8. ^ The World and Its Peoples. Marshall Cavendish. 2014.[not specific enough to verify]
  9. ^ Boettiger, Louis Angelo (1938). Fundamentals of Sociology. Ronald Press. p. 325. Protestantism swept over those countries of northwestern Europe which have large proportions of Nordic elements represented in their populations
  10. ISBN 9780742534360
    . Retrieved 15 April 2015. Most of northwestern Europe converted to Protestantism, while most of southwestern Europe remained Catholic. Whether climate or ethnicity (northwestern Europe was more Germanic, southwestern Europe more latin) was the greater factor in this division remains a matter of dispute
  11. ISBN 9781317477174
    . The old immigrants, from northwestern Europe (Ireland, Great Britain, France, the Netherlands, the German states, and Scandinavia) [..] were primarily Protestants (except the Irish, who were mostly Catholic)
  12. ISBN 9780313392030
    .
  13. ISBN 9780912646374
    . Retrieved 15 April 2015.
  14. ISBN 9780745631776
    . Retrieved 15 April 2015.
  15. ISBN 9780435315252
    . Retrieved 15 April 2015.
  16. ISBN 9781317345558
    . Extending across northwestern Europe, Gobineau's Aryan heaven included Ireland, England, northern France [..], the Benelux countries and Scandinavia
  17. PMID 18758442
    .
  18. PMID 29466337
    . migration played a key role in the further dissemination of the Beaker Complex, a phenomenon we document most clearly in Britain, where the spread of the Beaker Complex [..] was associated with a replacement of ~90% of Britain's gene pool within a few hundred years
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