Matthew 10
Matthew 10 | |
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Book | Gospel of Matthew |
Category | Gospel |
Christian Bible part | New Testament |
Order in the Christian part | 1 |
Gospel of Matthew |
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Chapters |
Matthew 10 is the tenth chapter in the
Matthew names the
Text
The oldest known texts were written in Koine Greek. This chapter is divided into 42 verses.
Textual witnesses
Some early manuscripts containing the text of this chapter are:
- Papyrus 110 (3rd/4th century; extant verses 13–15, 25–27)[3][4]
- Uncial 0171 (~300; extant verses 17–23, 25–32)
- Codex Vaticanus (325–350)
- Codex Sinaiticus (330–360; complete)
- Codex Bezae (~400)
- Papyrus 19 (4th/5th century; extant verses 32–42)[5]
- Codex Ephraemi Rescriptus (~450; complete)
- Codex Petropolitanus Purpureus (6th century)
The twelve (10:1–15)
The text in verse 1 refers to "his twelve disciples" (Greek: τους δωδεκα μαθητας αυτου, tous dōdeka mathētas autou). Verse 2 calls them "the twelve apostles" (Greek: τῶν δώδεκα ἀποστόλων, tōn dōdeka apostolōn):
²Now the names of the twelve apostles are these: The first, Simon, who is called Peter, and Andrew his brother; James the son of Zebedee, and John his brother; ³Philip, and Bartholomew; Thomas, and Matthew the publican; James the son of Alphaeus, and Lebbaeus, whose surname was Thaddaeus; ⁴Simon the Canaanite, and Judas Iscariot, who also betrayed him.
Verse 5 refers to them simply as "the twelve" (Greek: τοὺς δώδεκα, tous dōdeka) but the verb which follows is "ἀπέστειλεν" (apesteilen), meaning "sent forth".[6]
Verses 17–39
The Jerusalem Bible refers to these verses as a "missionary's handbook", and suggests that their scope is wider than that of the "first mission of the apostles" in verses 1–16.[7]
Verse 34
- "Think not that I am come to send peace on earth: I came not to send [or bring] peace, but a sword."[8][9]
This is a much-discussed passage, often explained in terms of the "apocalyptic-eschatological" context of the 1st century.[10]
R. T. France explains the verse, in context with the subsequent verse 35: "The sword Jesus brings is not here military conflict, but, as vv. 35–36 show, a sharp social division which even severs the closest family ties. … Jesus speaks here, as in the preceding and following verses, more of a division in men’s personal response to him."[11]
The text of Matthew's Gospel in the Book of Kells alters gladium, the Vulgate translation of makhairan "sword", to gaudium, "joy", resulting in a reading of "I came not [only] to bring peace, but [also] joy".[12]
Verse 38
- And he who does not take his cross and follow after Me is not worthy of Me.[13]
- "Take his cross": is in the sense of "willingly to undergo the severe trials that fall to his lot" (2 Corinthians 1:5; Philippians 3:10); a figurative expression taken from the practice that "condemned criminals were compelled to take up their own cross and carry it to the place of execution" (Matthew 27:32; Luke 23:26; John 19:16).[a][14]
Parallels in the Gospel of Thomas
Matthew 10 contains many parallels found in the Gospel of Thomas.
- Matthew 10:16 parallels saying 39 in the Gospel of Thomas.
- Matthew 10:37 parallels sayings 55 and 101
- Matthew 10:27b parallels saying 33a.
- Matthew 10:34–36 parallels saying 16.
- Matthew 10:26 parallels saying 5b.
See also
Notes
- ^ Also in Artemid. ii. 56, p. 153; Plut. Mor. p. 554 A; Cic. de divin. i. 26; Valer. Max. xi. 7. apud Meyer's NT, Matthew 10:38
References
- ^ Matthew 10:6
- ^ Pulpit Commentary on Matthew 10, accessed 3 January 2017
- ^ Cockle, Walter E. H. The Oxyrhynchus Papyri. Volume 45. London: Egypt Exploration Society, 1999. Pages 1–3.
- ^ Comfort, P. W., & Barrett, D. P. (2001). The text of the earliest New Testament Greek manuscripts, pp. 656
- Hunt, A. S. (1912). Oxyrhynchus Papyri IX. London. p. 7.)
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: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link - ^ Bible Hub, Text Analysis: Matthew 10:5, accessed 20 November 2022
- ^ Jerusalem Bible (1966), footnote g at Matthew 10:17
- ^ Matthew 10:34: KJV
- ISBN 9781405133517.
- .
- ISBN 978-1844742677.
- ^ Nathan, George Jean Nathan; Henry Louis Mencken (1951). The American Mercury. p. 572.
The compilers of the late seventh century manuscript, The Book of Kells, refused to adopt St. Jerome's phrase "I come not to bring peace but a sword" (" ... non pacem sed gladium"). To them the phrase made no sense and they altered it ...
- ^ Matthew 10:38: NKJV
- ^ Meyer's NT Commentary on Matthew 10. Accessed 24 April 2019.
External links
- Matthew 10 King James Bible – Wikisource
- English Translation with Parallel Latin Vulgate
- Online Bible at GospelHall.org (ESV, KJV, Darby, American Standard Version, Bible in Basic English)
- Multiple bible versions at Bible Gateway (NKJV, NIV, NRSV etc.)
Preceded by Matthew 9 |
Chapters of the New Testament Gospel of Matthew |
Succeeded by Matthew 11 |