November 1964

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November 28 and 30, 1964: Mariner 4 and Zond 2 race to Mars
November 3, 1964: Lyndon Johnson wins 44 of 50 states in U.S. presidential election

The following events occurred in November 1964:

November 1, 1964 (Sunday)

  • The
    Studebaker Corporation announced a bankruptcy settlement of its debts owned on its retirement pension plans. Although people who were already drawing full benefits would continue to do so, and workers who had at least 10 years of service and were at least 60 years old got full payment, all other participants got little or nothing. Lump sums representing about 15% of accrued benefits were paid to 4,080 participants, who got between $200 and $1,600 if they had 10 years' service and were between 40 and 59 years old. The 2,900 remaining employees who were less than 40 or who had less than 10 years got nothing back from their plan contributions.[1]
  • Indochina Time (after 1700 hrs 10/31 UTC, or after 12 noon 10/31 in Washington).[3]
  • Born: Daran Norris (stage name for Daran Morrison Nordlund), American voice actor best known for The Fairly OddParents, in the role of both the father (Mr. Turner) and the fairy godfather (Cosmo); in Ferndale, Washington[4]

November 2, 1964 (Monday)

November 3, 1964 (Tuesday)

Democrat Johnson and Republican Goldwater
  • In the 1964 United States presidential election, President Lyndon Johnson defeated his Republican challenger, U.S. Senator Barry Goldwater with a record of 61.05 percent of the popular vote and the electoral votes of 44 of the 50 states. Johnson received 43,127,041 out of 70,639,284 votes and Goldwater got 27,175,770; he also got 486 electors to Goldwater's 52.[12] The election marked a change in traditional voting patterns, with five Democratic Party states in the Deep South (Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia and South Carolina) being carried by Goldwater and nearly all of the commonly Republican Party strongholds favoring Johnson. The Johnson/Humphrey ticket received no votes in Alabama because no Democratic party electors were on the ballot in that state; 210,732 of the 689,817 votes cast there went to other presidential candidates.[13]
  • Nationwide voting also gave the Democrats a larger majority in the House of Representatives (295 to 140 over the Republicans) and in the Senate (a 68 to 32 advantage).[14]
  • Eduardo Frei Montalva was inaugurated for a six-year term as the 29th President of Chile.[15]
  • Born:

November 4, 1964 (Wednesday)

  • Iran's Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini was arrested after denouncing the Shah of Iran,[16] sentenced to exile, put on an airplane in Tehran, and flown to the city of Bursa in Turkey. In the evening, the government issued a statement that "Based on credible information, evidence, and sufficient reasons against Mr. Khomeini and threats imposed by him against the national interest, security, independence, and territorial integrity of the country, he has been exiled from Iran on 13 Aban 1343."[17] After a year in Turkey, Khomeini would move to Iraq until 1978; he would become the leader of Iran in 1979 after successfully advocating the overthrow of the Shah.[18]
  • In
    Movimiento Nacionalista Revolucionario (MNR) political party, the Revolutionary Nationalist Movement. Paz was sent into exile in Peru, but would return in 1971 and would become president again from 1985 to 1989.[20]
  • The burial of NASA astronaut Theodore Freeman, who had died in a plane crash on October 31, took place at Arlington National Cemetery, the day after his funeral at Seabrook Methodist Church in Texas. All 28 active astronauts, as well as John Glenn, who had recently retired from the astronaut corps, attended both events. Freeman's burial was the final occasion in history when all of NASA's past and present astronauts were together in the same place.[21]
  • Prime Minister of South Vietnam as part of a civilian government selected by the nation's military leaders.[22]

November 5, 1964 (Thursday)

  • solar orbit.[24] The problem with the shroud's design would be determined in time to prevent the same thing from happening to Mariner 4 three weeks later.[25]
  • Swaziland Railway in a dedication ceremony, with railroad tracks crossing the landlocked South African kingdom for the first time. The railway line did not originally transport passengers and, as the official history states, "was established for the sole purpose of transporting a single commodity – iron ore", specifically between the Ngwenya Mine (on the western edge of the nation) and the village of Goba, Mozambique (across the border from the eastern edge).[26]
  • In West Germany, the cabinet of Chancellor Ludwig Erhard voted against seeking an extension of the 20-year statute of limitations for prosecution of war crimes, though it would not announce its decision until November 11.[27] Without an extension, six months remained for the indictment of former Nazis, who would not face prosecution after May 6, 1965.[28]
  • Died:
    • Vasily Nemchinov
      , 70, Soviet mathematician and economist who provided the groundwork for the Communist theory of a centrally-planned economy.
    • Lansdale Ghiselin Sasscer, 71, American politician and U.S. Representative for Maryland for six terms between 1939 and 1953.[29]
    • John S. Robertson, 86, Canadian film director
    • Mabel Lucie Attwell, 85, British illustrator

November 6, 1964 (Friday)

  • Uganda's Prime Minister Milton Obote gave instructions to the African nation's security police "to use such powers as they have to protect the lives and the properties of the public" and gave authorization to use deadly force against civilians as they felt necessary. Four days later, in the Naakulabye neighborhood in the capital, Kampala, police responded to a husband and wife argument by firing their weapons into a crowd of people who had gathered around to see what was happening, killing six of them indiscriminately.[30]
  • Died:

November 7, 1964 (Saturday)

November 8, 1964 (Sunday)

November 9, 1964 (Monday)

November 9, 1964: NASA technicians at Gemini mission simulator console

November 10, 1964 (Tuesday)

November 11, 1964 (Wednesday)

November 12, 1964 (Thursday)

  • The televised, public execution of the surviving two members of the Jeune Haiti rebels was conducted by a firing squad on orders of Haiti's President, François "Papa Doc" Duvalier.[58] Louis Drouin and Marcel Numa had been part of a 13-man guerrilla team that had tried in August to overthrow Duvalier's dictatorship.[59] Duvalier directed that the schoolchildren of Port-au-Prince be brought to watch the event, which took place outside of the walls of the national cemetery. Channel 5, the nation's only television station, covered the event for rebroadcast.[60]
  • Grand Duke of Luxembourg.[61] Charlotte had ascended the throne in 1919 after the abdication of her older sister, the Grand Duchess Marie-Adélaïde; Jean would abdicate the throne in 2000 in favor of his son, Henri.[62]
  • Born: David Ellefson, American thrash metal bass guitarist for Megadeth; in Jackson, Minnesota
  • Died: Fred Hutchinson, 45, manager of the baseball's Cincinnati Reds died less than a year after being diagnosed with cancer.[63] Hutchinson, in his 13th season guiding a major league baseball team, had managed the Reds through the first 109 games of their 162-game 1964 season before stepping down because of his illness on August 12.[64]

November 13, 1964 (Friday)

  • David Russell, a
    skid row hotel. Both men had been stabbed multiple times before their throats had been slashed, ear-to-ear. For the next ten years, there would be no similar killings; during a two-month period in December 1974 and January 1975, Vaughn Greenwood would murder nine more transients in a similar fashion before being apprehended.[65]
  • Syria fired artillery at two settlements on the other side of its border with Israel, with shells fired from the Golan Heights at Kibbutz Dan and at Sha'ar Yishuv.[66] In retaliation, the Israeli Air Force conducted a massive air strike on positions in Syria, "taking the opportunity to destroy the Syrian diversion equipment" that was being used to reroute the waters of the Jordan River away from Israel, and sending "a signal that Israel would not hesitate to use all the means at its disposal to thwart the counterdiversion scheme even at the price of a military confrontation with the Arab states."[67][68]
  • In the United States,
    Cincinnati Royals. Pettit, who was in his 11th NBA season and who had 19,993 points going into the game, made a short hook shot with 10:40 left in the second quarter, and would finish with 20,022.[69]
  • Died: Oskar Becker, 75, German mathematician and historian

November 14, 1964 (Saturday)

  • American anthropologist Napoleon Chagnon began his stay with the Yanomami people who would become the subject of his 1967 bestseller, The Fierce People. The Yanomami lived in Venezuela's Amazonas state (where Chagnon set up his camp) and across the Amazon River in Brazil. Chagnon's ethics would come under question years later from another anthropologist, R. Brian Ferguson of Rutgers University, who would publish a followup study, Yanomami Warfare, in 1995. "A war started between groups which had been at peace for some time on the very first day Chagnon got there", Ferguson would write, "and it continued until he left. I don't think that was an accident." In Ferguson's opinion, Chagnon had fomented warfare between the two rival groups in order to write the 1967 book.[70]
  • A former executive of
    FBI. Mayfield flew from Chicago to New York and, as arranged, the two sat in adjacent stalls in the men's restroom at the TWA terminal at the Kennedy Airport. "Mayfield passed over the copied document while the Colgate man passed over $20,000 in marked bills. Then Mayfield walked out into the arms of waiting FBI agents." At Mayfield's criminal trial, testimony was presented that estimated the worth of the document to be more than one million dollars.[71][72]
  • The Queen Elizabeth Hospital in Bridgetown, Barbados, was officially opened.
  • Born:

November 15, 1964 (Sunday)

  • wounded five U.S. Congressmen in an attack on the U.S. Capitol. Albizu would die five months later, on April 21, 1965.[75]
  • General
    President of the Sudan for almost six years, resigned along with his military chiefs, the Supreme Council of the Armed Forces, after more than three weeks of protests and strikes.[76] Abboud was temporarily replaced by his civilian Prime Minister, Sirr Al-Khatim Al-Khalifa, who would turn over power to a civilian "Sovereignty Council" until elections for a non-military government could be held in March.[77]
  • McCarran International Airport in the resort city of Paradise, in poor weather conditions, killing all 29 people on board. The event would be the only fatal accident in the 23-year history of Bonanza Air Lines.[78]
  • The
    People's Republic of China shot down the first of hundreds of unmanned American drone aircraft that the United States would send into Chinese airspace to monitor China's support of North Vietnam during the Vietnam War. The drone flights would continue for nearly seven years before being suspended in July 1971.[79]

November 16, 1964 (Monday)

November 17, 1964 (Tuesday)

November 18, 1964 (Wednesday)

  • The desegregation of restaurants, lodging and theaters in McComb, Mississippi took place "without incident" after the NAACP had selected the small town in order to test compliance with the new Civil Rights Act of 1964. A group of 20 African-American men and women were able to get served food, rent motel rooms, and sit where they wished to watch a movie. McComb Mayor Gordon Burt and local business leaders had taken out newspaper advertisements urging residents to peacefully comply with the law, and provided police officers nearby as needed; the group started with dinner at the Continental Motel restaurant across from the police station, and the only response was that "The only three white patrons got up and left as the Negroes entered."[85] John White, who chaired the McComb City Police Committee, told reporters that the white members of the community had put pressure on businesses to change with the times, and noted that "Any time the power structure of a community takes a stand against violence, it certainly curtails the possibility of trouble."[86]
  • FBI Director
    Women's National Press Club were invited to hear Hoover's briefing called to respond to King's statements about the FBI's assignment of personnel to civil rights cases, and told the women that King— who had been awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for 1964— was "the most notorious liar in the country" and then told them to "feel free to print that".[87][88]
  • Park Chung-hee announced its list of 167 companies that the government would financially support in their efforts to increase in "light industries such as textiles, hair goods and knit wear", primarily because those were the industries "that could readily absorb surplus labor".[89]
  • The United States and the Soviet Union signed the "Agreement on Cooperation Between the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and the United States of America in the Field of Desalination, Including the Use of Atomic Energy", was signed in Moscow.[90][91]
  • The Grumman C-2 Greyhound cargo airplane made its first flight.[92]
  • Born: Rita Cosby, American television journalist for Fox News, MSNBC and Newsmax, and best-selling author (Blonde Ambition, Quiet Hero); in Brooklyn
  • Died:

November 19, 1964 (Thursday)

November 20, 1964 (Friday)

  • The bishops at the
    Jesus Christ; the measure regarding Judaism passed by a margin of 1,770 to 185.[99] Another resolution, which passed 1,838 to 136, stated that the Church would no longer take a total stance against non-Christian religions (such as Islam, Judaism or Buddhism). Finally, the council approved, 2,054 to 64, a commitment to ecumenism with non-Catholic Christians with efforts "by prayer, word and deed" to mend the rifts that divided the world's 900 million Christians. Pope Paul VI would promulgate the doctrine, Unitatis redintegratio, the next day.[100]
  • Convair CV-340 airplane, struck electric power lines as it was making its approach for a landing at Ängelholm in Sweden. Thirty-one of the 43 people on board were killed in what was the worst air disaster in Swedish history up to that time. The plane was nearing the end of a 300-mile (480 km) flight from Stockholm to the Ängelholm airport. Twenty of the 39 passengers had been scheduled to disembark at Halmstad but the plane had been prevented from landing because of bad weather.[101]
  • Canada's Prime Minister Pearson announced that a previously unnamed mountain peak in the Yukon territory would be named for the late U.S. President John F. Kennedy, nearly one year after the President's assassination. The 14,000 foot (4,300 m) high Mount Kennedy is located 15 miles (24 km) away from the U.S. state of Alaska.[102]

November 21, 1964 (Saturday)

November 21, 1964: Verrazzano-Narrows Bridge opened
  • The Verrazzano-Narrows Bridge, at 13,700 feet (4,200 m) still the world's longest suspension bridge, opened to traffic in New York City.[103][104] Crossing over "The Narrows" between the Upper and Lower sections of the New York Bay, the bridge linked Staten Island and Brooklyn for the first time, with access at Fort Wadsworth on Staten Island and Fort Hamilton in Brooklyn. Previously, direct access between the two boroughs was on the 69th Street Ferry.[105] In the first 24 hours of its operation, 100,000 cars crossed the bridge.[106] The bridge itself is named for Italian explorer Giovanni da Verrazzano; the name of the bridge originally used one "z" while Verrazzano, credited as the first European (in 1524) to sail into the New York Harbor, spelled his name with two. The name however would be corrected in 2018.
  • Pope Paul VI promulgate the doctrine, Unitatis redintegratio, that had been approved by the bishops of the ecumenical council the day before, as the third session of the council was brought to a close.[107][108]
  • Born: Shane Douglas (ring name for Troy Allan Martin), American professional wrestler; in New Brighton, Pennsylvania

November 22, 1964 (Sunday)

  • Golfer Jack Nicklaus narrowly defeated Arnold Palmer to become the top money winner of the year as the 1964 PGA Tour, tying for second place in the final event of the Tour, the Cajun Classic Open Invitational. Palmer had been the top money winner in 1962 and 1963, and was the leading moneymaker going into the tournament at Lafayette, Louisiana, ahead of Nicklaus by $318 ($111,703 against Nicklaus's $111,385). Although Miller Barber finished first at Lafayette (with 277 strokes for the 72 holes) to win his first PGA tournament ever, Gay Brewer missed a 15-foot putt on the 18th hole and finished at 282 instead of 281, and had to share second place with Nicklaus, who won $1,900; Palmer finished fourth, with $1,500. As a result, Nicklaus had earnings of $113,284.50 for the year, and Palmer had $113,202.37; the difference was only 81 dollars and 13 cents.[109]
  • In the little town of Schellsburg, Pennsylvania, population 288, the churchgoers "held a service of organization formalizing the union of four congregations of different denominations", marking "the first such four-way merger in the history of religion in the United States".[110] The United Church of Schellsburg combined the members of the town's Presbyterian, Lutheran, Methodist and United Church of Christ members into one group, after a 101 to 25 vote that had been taken on October 4.
  • Officials on the American side of Niagara Falls in the state of New York reported the appearance of a third separate waterfall after the falls "had been two cataracts from the beginning of recorded history".[111] The appearance of a new island created another split in the flow of the Niagara River, which was believed to be temporary.
  • The Cowra Japanese War Cemetery was dedicated in Cowra, New South Wales as a final resting place for the remains of 523 Japanese soldiers and sailors who died in Australia during World War II, and as a memorial to 231 Japanese men killed in the "Cowra breakout" from the prisoner of war camp located there.[112]

November 23, 1964 (Monday)

November 24, 1964 (Tuesday)

November 24, 1964: Gemini 3 prime (in spacesuits) and backup crewmembers during egress training
  • biomedical instrumentation.[39]
  • Belgian paratroopers and mercenaries captured Stanleyville in a rescue mission to liberate 3,000 foreigners who had been taken hostage by Congolese rebels.[118] Although most were saved, at least 120 hostages "died in the period before the rescue, during the rescue itself, and in massacres in the countryside that followed".[119][120] In the first week after the city was retaken, government forces would begin the process of executing 300 suspected rebels. According to witness reports released in January, suspects were led into Patrice Lumumba Stadium and displayed in front of spectators; "If the spectators cheered or clapped, the suspect was released. If they booed, he was condemned to death." Over 500 condemned people were killed by sub-machine guns after being driven to the countryside.[121]
  • The United National Liberation Front, a separatist group in India, was formed in the Union Territory of Manipur to carry out a war against the national government.[122]
  • Australia's parliament passed the National Service Act 1964, restoring the draft of 20-year-old men into the Army, with a system of selection based on birthday.[123]
  • Born: Alistair McGowan, British comedian and impressionist; in Evesham, Worcestershire
  • Died:
    • Thebarton
      , after being convicted of the June 16 murder of his boss, Richard Strang.
    • Dr. Paul Carlson, 36, American physician and missionary of the Evangelical Covenant Church, was killed during the attempt to rescue him from Congolese rebels in Stanleyville.

November 25, 1964 (Wednesday)

November 26, 1964 (Thursday)

  • Nineteen crew members on the Norwegian tanker MV Stolt Dagali were killed when their ship sank after being cut in half by the Israeli cruise ship SS Shalom off the coast of the United States.[128] The Stolt Dagali, with a crew of 43, was carrying "a cargo of solvents and vegetable oils" from Philadelphia to New York City to pick up more cargo; the Shalom had departed from New York with 616 passengers on their way to the West Indies. At 2:15, as the ships proceeded through a heavy fog, the faster Shalom cut "directly through the tanker's hull, splitting her neatly in two". The stern of the Stolt Dagali sank immediately with all on board; the forward two-thirds of the tanker stayed afloat and the U.S. Coast Guard and the Shalom rescued 24 survivors from the icy waters of the Atlantic Ocean.[129]
  • An angry mob in Cairo set fire to the United States Information Agency library in the Egyptian capital as a protest against American support for the Congo rescue. The city's fire department was slow in responding and the library's 24,000 book collection was destroyed along with the furniture and equipment.[130]
  • Television was introduced to Pakistan as the Pakistan Television Corporation (PTV) went on the air in the city of Lahore.[131]
  • Born:

November 27, 1964 (Friday)

November 28, 1964 (Saturday)

November 28, 1964: Mariner 4 launched

November 29, 1964 (Sunday)

November 30, 1964 (Monday)

The tiara
  • Pope Paul VI gave his gold, silver and bejeweled papal tiara to the United States for permanent display, "in gratitude for all that Americans have done for the poor of the world". Cardinal Francis Spellman, the Roman Catholic Archbishop of New York, announced the gift and displayed the crown in a meeting with fellow clergymen at a hotel in New York City.[146]
  • Zond 2, the Soviet Union's probe set to make a flyby of the planet Mars, was launched two days after the United States had sent Mariner 4.[147] Although Zond 2 would pass within 1,500 kilometres (930 mi) of Mars on August 6, 1965, far closer than the Mariner 4 probe, the Zond would be unable to transmit images because of damage to one of its solar panels.[148]
  • Astronauts
    Gemini-Titan 4 mission, began crew training on Gemini mission simulator No. 2 in Houston. The initial week of training was devoted to familiarizing the crew with the interior of the spacecraft.[39]
  • Sir Winston Churchill celebrated his 90th and last birthday. The day before the celebration, hundreds of well-wishers stood outside his Hyde Park home in London and sang "Happy Birthday to You" and "For He's a Jolly Good Fellow".[149]

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  6. ^ "Brother Dethrones Big-Spending Saud", Chicago Tribune, November 3, 1964, p19
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