Novocherkassk

Coordinates: 47°25′20″N 40°05′38″E / 47.42222°N 40.09389°E / 47.42222; 40.09389
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
This article is about the city. For other uses, see Novocherkassk (disambiguation).
Novocherkassk
Новочеркасск
City[1]
Flag of Novocherkassk
Flag
Coat of arms of Novocherkassk
Coat of arms
Location of Novocherkassk
Map
UTC+3 (MSK Edit this on Wikidata[4])
Postal code(s)[5]
3464xx
Dialing code(s)+7 8635
OKTMO ID60727000001
Websitewww.novochgrad.ru

Novocherkassk (

city in Rostov Oblast, Russia, located near the confluence of the Tuzlov and Aksay Rivers, the latter a distributary of the Don River. Novocherkassk is best known as the cultural capital of the Cossacks, and as the official capital of the Don Cossacks. Population: 168,746 (2010 Census);[2] 170,822 (2002 Census);[6] 187,973 (1989 Soviet census).[7]

Historical population
YearPop.±%
189752,000—    
192662,000+19.2%
193981,000+30.6%
195995,453+17.8%
1970162,365+70.1%
1979183,055+12.7%
1989187,973+2.7%
2002170,822−9.1%
2010168,746−1.2%
2021163,674−3.0%
Source: Census data

History

Imperial era

Foundation

Although the first settlement in the region was founded by

Tsar Alexander I asking him to allow the capital of the Don Cossacks to be moved to another location, and was granted permission in a decree
from the Tsar on August 23, 1804.

Plan as new capital of the Don Cossacks

Platov and the engineer

town squares, each of which was supposed to feature a church, and to have streets beginning radially around each square. On December 31, 1804, after reviewing the plan and the report of Platov and De Wollant, Tsar Alexander personally inscribed: "To be according to this. Alexander". The construction of the city was slow, primarily because of the reluctance of most Don Cossacks to leave their homes in Cherkassk, and the new capital being 20 kilometres (12 miles) from the River Don, with which the Cossacks were closely connected throughout its history. To compensate, there were even plans to deepen the Aksay River (a distributary
of the Don) where the new city was located to eventually alter the course of the Don through the city. This plan was abandoned due to lack of funds, and for more than three decades the question of the place of the capital of the Don Cossack remained unresolved, while growth of Novocherkassk stagnated.

By 1837, an alternative to transfer the capital to the village of Aksayskoy, which was also on a hill and near the Don, gained popularity. However,

industrialization
reached Novocherkassk and industrial enterprises were formed, however only one-thousand of the city's twenty-thousand residents worked in them.

Stereo image
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Cross-eye view ()
Novocherkassk bazar scene 1900s

Soviet era

On the eve of the

counter-revolution and came under the command of General Alexey Kaledin. The Red Army eventually defeated ousted the White
-aligned Don Army from Novocherkassk on January 7, 1920.

During World War II, the Wehrmacht of Nazi Germany occupied Novocherkassk between July 24, 1942 and February 13, 1943. The city was chosen as the headquarters of the Don Army Group, headed by Erich v. Manstein in November of 42’.

On June 1–2, 1962, events known as the

labor strike at the locomotive factory, the Novocherkassk Electric Locomotive Plant, in the city. The protests were suppressed by troops of the Soviet Army
, resulting in 26 protesters being killed and 87 being wounded.

On November 20, 1990, Andrei Chikatilo, one of the Soviet Union's most prolific serial killers, with 56 convicted murders, was arrested in Novocherkassk. On 14 February 1994, he was taken from his death row cell to a soundproofed room in Novocherkassk prison and executed with a single gunshot behind the right ear.[10][11] He was buried in an unmarked grave at the prison cemetery.[12]

Recent history

On October 5–6, 1991, a meeting of the Grand Circle of the Union of Cossacks of the Don Military Region took place, where the status of the historical and modern center of the Don Cossacks was established in the city, officially making Novocherkassk the capital of the Don Cossacks. On July 17–18, 1993, a meeting of the United Supreme Circle of Cossack troops of Russia and abroad was held in Moscow, where Novocherkassk was proclaimed the world capital of the Cossacks.

Administrative and municipal status

Within the

municipal division, this administrative unit also has urban okrug status.[3]

Economy

Novocherkassk NEVZ ElektroVagon Plant, trains and locomotives.

Culture and religion

This Lutheran Church in Novocherkassk is currently used by a Baptist congregation.

Novocherkassk was once an archiepiscopal see of the Greek Orthodox Church and has a huge neo-Byzantine cathedral (1904), as well as the Church of Our Lady of the Don (2013), St. George's Church and Sts. Constantine and Helen Church, the palace of the ataman of the Cossacks, and monuments to Matvei Platov and Yermak Timofeyevich (Mikhail Mikeshin, 1904). During the bicentenary celebrations in September 2005 another monument, dedicated to the reconciliation of White and Red Cossacks, was opened in the presence of the members of the Romanov family.

In 1856, the Trinity Church was built, but later it was destroyed.

Saint Dimitry's Church is dedicated to Demetrius of Thessaloniki, it was built in 1859.

Cinemas

Monuments

Buildings

Twin towns – sister cities

See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in Russia

Novocherkassk is twinned with:[15]

Notable people

References

Notes

  1. ^ a b c d e Law #340-ZS
  2. ^ a b Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
  3. ^ a b c Law #237-ZS
  4. ^ "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). June 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
  5. ^ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
  6. ^ Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
  7. ^ Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.
  8. ^ Bronevsky, S.N. "Historical summary on Russia's relations with Persia, Georgia and with the mountain peoples of the Caucasus". Vostlit. Retrieved September 9, 2021.
  9. ^ Khasht, Ali. Circassian Prince Temroqwa Idar.
  10. ^ "Russia Executes 'Rostov Ripper' Serial Killer". New Straits Times. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: The New Straits Times Press. February 16, 1994. Archived from the original on March 13, 2016. Retrieved July 25, 2016.
  11. ^ Born to Kill in the USSR p. 197
  12. ^ Андрей Чикатило: ″Я молю Бога, чтобы таких, как я, больше не было на земле!" Fakty.ua (in Russian)
  13. ^ "ПАМЯТНИКИ ПЛАТОВУ". Новочеркасский городской информационный портал (in Russian). August 23, 2016. Retrieved May 20, 2018.
  14. ^ "Атаман под чёрным флагом". AiF (in Russian). February 23, 2011. Retrieved December 11, 2024.
  15. ^ "Побратимские связи". novochgrad.ru (in Russian). Novocherkassk. Retrieved February 5, 2020.

Sources

  • Законодательное Собрание Ростовской области. Закон №340-ЗС от 25 июля 2005 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Ростовской области», в ред. Закона №270-ЗС от 27 ноября 2014 г. «О внесении изменений в областной Закон "Об административно-территориальном устройстве Ростовской области"». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Наше время", №187–190, 28 июля 2005 г. (Legislative Assembly of Rostov Oblast. Law #340-ZS of July 28, 2005 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Rostov Oblast, as amended by the Law #270-ZS of November 27, 2014 On Amending the Oblast Law "On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Rostov Oblast". Effective as of the official publication date.).
  • Законодательное Собрание Ростовской области. Закон №237-ЗС от 27 декабря 2004 г. «Об установлении границы и наделении статусом городского округа муниципального образования "Город Новочеркасск"», в ред. Закона №272-ЗС от 27 ноября 2014 г. «О внесении изменений в областные Законы "Об установлении границы и наделении статусом городского округа муниципального образования "Город Новочеркасск" и "Об установлении границ и наделении соответствующим статусом муниципального образования "Октябрьский район" и муниципальных образований в его составе"». Вступил в силу 1 января 2005 г. Опубликован: "Наше время", №339, 29 декабря 2004 г. (Legislative Assembly of Rostov Oblast. Law #237-ZS of December 27, 2004 On Establishing the Border and Granting Urban Okrug Status to the Municipal Formation of the "City of Novocherkassk", as amended by the Law #272-ZS of November 27, 2014 On Amending the Oblast Laws "On Establishing the Border and Granting Urban Okrug Status to the Municipal Formation of the "City of Novocherkassk" and "On Establishing the Borders and Granting an Appropriate Status to the Municipal Formation of "Oktyabrsky District" and to the Municipal Formations It Comprises". Effective as of January 1, 2005.).

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