Number opera

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

A number opera (

intermezzi.[2] The number opera format was standard until the mid-19th century and most opera genres, including opera seria, opera buffa, opéra comique, ballad opera, Singspiel, and grand opera, were constructed in this fashion.[1]

The replacement of numbers with more continuous music began in operas by

Donizetti, Bellini, and Auber retained the number opera style.[2]

The number opera was strongly condemned by

Puccini and the Verismo school, cannot be described as such.[1]

Many operatic composers subsequent to Wagner adopted his approach.

, number opera format has remained the norm.

References

Notes

  1. ^ a b c d "Number opera" in New Grove.
  2. ^ a b c d e Apel, p. 582.
  3. ^ Chris Walton, "Neo-classical opera" in Cooke, p. 108.
  4. ^ Busoni, Ferruccio (1918). Arlecchino. Part.-Biibl. 1700. Leipzig: Breitkopf & Härtel. See this work page of the International Music Score Library Project. Accessed 3 October 2009.

Sources

  • Apel, Willi, ed. (1969). Harvard Dictionary of Music, Second Edition. Cambridge, Massachusetts: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press. .
  • Cooke, Mervyn (2005).
    ISBN 0-521-78009-8. See also Google Books partial preview
    . Accessed 3 October 2009.
  • Sadie, Stanley; John Tyrrell, eds. (2001). The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, 2nd edition. New York: Grove's Dictionaries. .