OLIG2
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| Location (UCSC) | Chr 21: 33.03 – 33.03 Mb | Chr 16: 91.02 – 91.03 Mb | |||||||
| PubMed search | [3] | [4] | |||||||
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Oligodendrocyte transcription factor (OLIG2) is a basic helix-loop-helix (
Function
OLIG2 is mostly expressed in restricted domains of the brain and
The role of phosphorylation has been highlighted recently to account for the multifaceted functions of OLIG2 in differentiation and proliferation. Studies showed that the phosphorylation state of OLIG2 at Ser30 determines the fate of cortical progenitor cells, in which cortical progenitor cells will either differentiate into astrocytes or remain as neuronal progenitors.[7] Phosphorylation at a triple serine motif (Ser10, Ser13 and Ser14) on the other hand was shown to regulate the proliferative function of OLIG2.[8] Another phosphorylation site Ser147 predicted by bioinformatics was found to regulate motor neuron development by regulating the binding between OLIG2 and NGN2.[9] Further, OLIG2 contains a ST box composed of a string of 12 contiguous serine and threonine residues at position Ser77-Ser88. It is believed that phosphorylation at ST box is biologically functional,[10] yet the role of it still remains to be elucidated in vivo.[11]
OLIG2 has also been implicated in bovine horn ontogenesis. It was the only gene in the bovine polled locus to show differential expression between the putative horn bud and the frontal forehead skin.[12]
Clinical Significance
OLIG2 in Cancer
OLIG2 is well recognized for its importance in cancer research, particularly in brain tumors and
In particular, OLIG2 is selectively expressed in a subgroup of glioma cells that are highly tumorigenic,[15] and is shown to be required for proliferation of human glioma cells implanted in the brain of severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice.[16]
Though the molecular mechanism behind this tumorigenesis is not entirely clear, more studies have recently been published pinpointing diverse evidence and potential roles for OLIG2 in glioma progression. It is believed that OLIG2 promotes neural stem cell and progenitor cell proliferation by opposing
Besides glioma, OLIG2 is also involved in leukemogenesis. The Olig2 gene was actually first identified in a study in T-cell
OLIG2 in Neural Diseases
OLIG2 is also associated with Down syndrome, as it locates at
OLIG2 also plays a functional role in neural repair. Studies showed that the number of OLIG2-expressing cells increased in the lesion after cortical stab-wound injury, supporting the role for OLIG2 in reactive
References
- ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000205927 – Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000039830 – Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ "OLIG2". Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Hematology.
- S2CID 18323261.
- PMID 15452140.
- PMID 21382551.
- PMID 21382552.
- PMID 20368359.
- PMID 21382551.
- PMID 23717440.
- PMID 15198128.
- ^ PMID 35856894.
- PMID 17296553.
- PMID 21397859.
- PMID 17296553.
- PMID 21397859.
- PMID 21382551.
- S2CID 14374119.
- PMID 17951409.
- S2CID 1651311.
- PMID 16103065.
- PMID 20639873.
- PMID 16891421.
- S2CID 9038729.
- PMID 16330768.
- PMID 18299565.
Further reading
- Sun T, Dong H, Wu L, Kane M, Rowitch DH, Stiles CD (Oct 2003). "Cross-repressive interaction of the Olig2 and Nkx2.2 transcription factors in developing neural tube associated with formation of a specific physical complex". The Journal of Neuroscience. 23 (29): 9547–56. PMID 14573534.
- Fukuda S, Kondo T, Takebayashi H, Taga T (Feb 2004). "Negative regulatory effect of an oligodendrocytic bHLH factor OLIG2 on the astrocytic differentiation pathway". Cell Death and Differentiation. 11 (2): 196–202. PMID 14576772.
- Ligon KL, Alberta JA, Kho AT, Weiss J, Kwaan MR, Nutt CL, Louis DN, Stiles CD, Rowitch DH (May 2004). "The oligodendroglial lineage marker OLIG2 is universally expressed in diffuse gliomas". Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology. 63 (5): 499–509. PMID 15198128.
- Hori Y, Gu X, Xie X, Kim SK (Apr 2005). "Differentiation of insulin-producing cells from human neural progenitor cells". PLOS Medicine. 2 (4): e103. PMID 15839736.
- Lin YW, Deveney R, Barbara M, Iscove NN, Nimer SD, Slape C, Aplan PD (Aug 2005). "OLIG2 (BHLHB1), a bHLH transcription factor, contributes to leukemogenesis in concert with LMO1". Cancer Research. 65 (16): 7151–8. PMID 16103065.
- Jakovcevski I, Zecevic N (Nov 2005). "Olig transcription factors are expressed in oligodendrocyte and neuronal cells in human fetal CNS". The Journal of Neuroscience. 25 (44): 10064–73. PMID 16267213.
- Kimura K, Wakamatsu A, Suzuki Y, Ota T, Nishikawa T, Yamashita R, Yamamoto J, Sekine M, Tsuritani K, Wakaguri H, Ishii S, Sugiyama T, Saito K, Isono Y, Irie R, Kushida N, Yoneyama T, Otsuka R, Kanda K, Yokoi T, Kondo H, Wagatsuma M, Murakawa K, Ishida S, Ishibashi T, Takahashi-Fujii A, Tanase T, Nagai K, Kikuchi H, Nakai K, Isogai T, Sugano S (Jan 2006). "Diversification of transcriptional modulation: large-scale identification and characterization of putative alternative promoters of human genes". Genome Research. 16 (1): 55–65. PMID 16344560.
- Sun T, Hafler BP, Kaing S, Kitada M, Ligon KL, Widlund HR, Yuk DI, Stiles CD, Rowitch DH (Apr 2006). "Evidence for motoneuron lineage-specific regulation of Olig2 in the vertebrate neural tube". Developmental Biology. 292 (1): 152–64. PMID 16469306.
- Tabu K, Ohnishi A, Sunden Y, Suzuki T, Tsuda M, Tanaka S, Sakai T, Nagashima K, Sawa H (Apr 2006). "A novel function of OLIG2 to suppress human glial tumor cell growth via p27Kip1 transactivation". Journal of Cell Science. 119 (Pt 7): 1433–41. S2CID 14374119.
- Wissmüller S, Kosian T, Wolf M, Finzsch M, Wegner M (2006). "The high-mobility-group domain of Sox proteins interacts with DNA-binding domains of many transcription factors". Nucleic Acids Research. 34 (6): 1735–44. PMID 16582099.
- Ligon KL, Kesari S, Kitada M, Sun T, Arnett HA, Alberta JA, Anderson DJ, Stiles CD, Rowitch DH (May 2006). "Development of NG2 neural progenitor cells requires Olig gene function". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 103 (20): 7853–8. PMID 16682644.
- Georgieva L, Moskvina V, Peirce T, Norton N, Bray NJ, Jones L, Holmans P, Macgregor S, Zammit S, Wilkinson J, Williams H, Nikolov I, Williams N, Ivanov D, Davis KL, Haroutunian V, Buxbaum JD, Craddock N, Kirov G, Owen MJ, O'Donovan MC (Aug 2006). "Convergent evidence that oligodendrocyte lineage transcription factor 2 (OLIG2) and interacting genes influence susceptibility to schizophrenia". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 103 (33): 12469–74. PMID 16891421.
- Ruf N, Martelli M, Weschke B, Uhlenberg B (Apr 2007). "Oligodendroglial transcription factor (OLIG1 and OLIG2) mutations are not associated with Pelizaeus-Merzbacher-like leukodystrophy". American Journal of Medical Genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric Genetics. 144B (3): 365–6. S2CID 25663863.
External links
- OLIG2+protein,+human at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
- OLIG2 human gene location in the UCSC Genome Browser.
- OLIG2 human gene details in the UCSC Genome Browser.
This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.