OS T1000
T1000 / T1300 | |
---|---|
standard gauge |
T1000 and T1300 were two
In 1960, two less powerful T single-car units were built, designed to be prototypes used on the
History
In 1954, the Oslo City Council decided to build a four-line metro to the new suburbs to the east of the city center. The plans would lead to the system opening in 1966, after the conversion of the
The first two single-car trains were delivered in 1959 and given the designation T. They were delivered by Strømmens Værksted and NEBB as prototypes, without compensation from the planning office. They were tested on the Østensjø and Lambertseter Lines until 1 December 1960, when they were transferred to
Serial production started in 1964, with the bodies built at Strømmens Værksted, the motors built by NEBB and the electrical equipment by AEG. By 1978, 162 cars had been delivered to Oslo Sporveier. These were manufactured in four series, named T1 through T4, with varying specifications.[4] T1 was manufactured in 90 units from 1964 to 1966 for the opening of the Grorud Line and the conversion of the Lambertseter Line. The first 30 have driver's cabs in both directions (designated T1-2), while the latter 60 have it in only one end (designated T1-1). In 1967, 15 T2s were built for the conversion of the Østensjø Line. Although given a new designation, they are in all ways identical to the T1-1s. From 1969 to 1972, 30 T3s were built for the Furuset Line. Further expansions of the lines resulted in 37 T4s being built from 1976 to 1978. The T1000s are numbered 1001–1162.[5]
The need for new rolling stock on the western suburban tramways prompted Oslo Sporveier to order a modified version to the T1000. This was because they had plans to connect the eastern and western networks, and gradually convert the western lines to metro standard. The T1300 units were built with the same specifications as the T1000, but were also equipped with pantographs so they could operate on the light rail lines. They also had a slightly different front. The initial order was for 33 units, which were designated T5 and T6. The former 18 units had a cab in one end, while the latter 15 had a cab in both ends, allowing Oslo Sporveier to operate single-car trains. The new units were put into service on the
To replace the aging
The Sognsvann Line was finished upgraded to metro standard on 7 January 1993, allowing the first T1000 trains to operate through the
Oslo City Council decided in 2003 to order 33 new three-car units from
The first deliveries of the MX3000 were made in April 2007.[13] The first T1000 was scrapped on 14 March 2007, and the last T1000 train was run on 19 July 2009.[14] Oslo Tramway Museum has preserved seven T1000 cars: numbers 1002 (T1-2), 1018 (T1-2), 1076 (T1-1), 1089 (T1-1), 1092 (T2), 1129 (T3) and 1141 (T4). 1089 is displayed in the museum, the other six cars are meant to be kept as an operative train. Of the T1000 units, no. 1076 was the one to run the furthest, reaching 2,974,076 kilometres (1,848,005 mi) before retirement.[8] On 22 April 2010, the last T1300 was taken out of service, leaving only MX3000 units in service.[15] Oslo Tramway Museum has preserved three T1300 cars: numbers 1306 (T5), 1320 (T6) and 1335 (T7, originally T4 no. 1155). The three cars are meant to be kept as an operative train. No T8 car was preserved.
Specifications
All versions have identical bodies, that are 17 meters (55 ft 9 in) long, 3.2 meters (10 ft 6 in) wide and 3.65 meters (12 ft 0 in) high. Each car is equipped with two bogies, each with two axles. The axle distance is 2.17 meters (7 ft 1 in), the bogie distance is 11 meters (36 ft 1 in) and the wheel diameter is 82 centimeters (2 ft 8 in). They are each equipped with four 98-kilowatt (131 hp) motors from NEBB, giving a maximum speed of 70 km/h (43 mph). They each weigh 27.740 tonnes (27.302 long tons; 30.578 short tons). The electrical equipment was delivered by AEG.[16]
The train's speed is controlled by an ATP system. The speed codes are transferred from the ATP points in the infrastructure, using 75 hertz pulses in the tracks. The trains pick up the signals via antennas. The speed codes are 15 km/h (9 mph), 30 km/h (19 mph), 50 km/h (31 mph) and 70 km/h (43 mph). The permitted speeds are presented to the driver via displays in the driver's cab; in addition, the system will automatically reduce the speed, should the limit be exceeded. The driver can put the trains in an automatic mode, where the train adjusts its own speed to match the speed limit. The driver is always responsible for starting and stopping the train at stations.[17]
The prototype T series consisted of two single-car units. It had the same dimensions as the T1000 and T1300, but had four 75-kilowatt (101 hp) motors and weighed only 26.5 tonnes (26.1 long tons; 29.2 short tons). They were equipped with a
The T1300 differ in that they had a pantograph and were built for conductors.[4] The seating varies between the models: T1000 has a total capacity of 180 passengers, of which 63 can be seated. T5 has the same total capacity, but 70 people can be seated. T6 has a capacity for 154 people, of which 64 can be seated. T7 and T8 have a capacity for 177 passengers, of which 60 can be seated.[16] All models are capable of operating six cars in multiple, although they are commonly used in shorter configurations.[8]
References
- Notes
- ^ Aspenberg 1994, p. 29
- OCLC 476260972.
- OCLC 476260972.
- ^ a b c d e Aspenberg 1994, pp. 62–3
- ^ Aspenberg 1995, p. 93
- ^ Aspenberg 1995, pp. 90–1
- ^ Aspenberg 1995, pp. 90–2
- ^ a b c "Oslo Sporveier nr. 1076". Lokaltrafikk (in Norwegian). 72: 48. 2009.
- ^ Andersen, Bjørn (1995). "Full pendeldrift gjennomført". Lokaltrafikk (in Norwegian). 26: 4–13.
- ^ "Oslo Sporveier kjøper 99 nye T-banevogner". Aftenposten (in Norwegian). 28 June 2003. Archived from the original on 24 May 2011. Retrieved 4 May 2010.
- ^ Ruter (10 March 2008). "MX3000 - nye T-banevogner" (in Norwegian). Archived from the original on 15 June 2008. Retrieved 4 May 2010.
- ^ Ensby, Anne Linn (22 November 2006). "T-baneprivatisering utsatt". Aftenposten (in Norwegian). Archived from the original on 22 May 2010. Retrieved 1 May 2010.
- ^ Kronstad, Ragna (22 June 2005). "Ny fargepalett for T-bane". Teknisk Ukeblad (in Norwegian). Archived from the original on 26 July 2011. Retrieved 28 March 2009.
- OCLC 476260972.
- ^ Jensen, Grethe Kielland (22 April 2010). "Tar farvel med siste røde" (in Norwegian). Archived from the original on 25 April 2010. Retrieved 4 May 2010.
- ^ a b "T-vogn serie 1-2" (in Norwegian). Ruter. 10 March 2008. Archived from the original on 18 January 2010. Retrieved 1 May 2010.
- "T-vogn serie 2" (in Norwegian). Ruter. 10 March 2008. Archived from the original on 4 May 2010. Retrieved 4 May 2010.
- "T-vogn serie 3" (in Norwegian). Ruter. 10 March 2008. Archived from the original on 4 May 2010. Retrieved 4 May 2010.
- "T-vogn serie 4" (in Norwegian). Ruter. 10 March 2008. Archived from the original on 18 January 2010. Retrieved 1 May 2010.
- "T-vogn serie 5" (in Norwegian). Ruter. 10 March 2008. Archived from the original on 4 May 2010. Retrieved 4 May 2010.
- "T-vogn serie 6" (in Norwegian). Ruter. 10 March 2008. Archived from the original on 18 January 2010. Retrieved 4 May 2010.
- "1300-vogn serie 7" (in Norwegian). Ruter. 10 March 2008. Archived from the original on 18 January 2010. Retrieved 1 May 2010.
- "T-vogn serie 8" (in Norwegian). Ruter. 10 March 2008. Archived from the original on 4 May 2010. Retrieved 7 November 2009.
- ^ Kronstad, Ragna (18 October 2005). "Bremseenergi fra T-banen". Teknisk Ukeblad (in Norwegian). Archived from the original on 8 February 2009. Retrieved 4 May 2010.
- Bibliography
- ISBN 82-91448-03-5.
- ISBN 82-91448-18-3.