Oceanside, California
Oceanside, California | ||
---|---|---|
Clockwise: Mission San Luis Rey de Francia; Oceanside City Hall; Oceanside Strand; Mount Ecclesia; Roberts Cottages | ||
FIPS code 06-53322 | | |
GNIS feature IDs | 1652761, 2411301 | |
City flower | Crimson Lake Bougainvillea | |
Website | www |
Oceanside is a city on the
Oceanside's origins date to 1798, when the Spanish founded the village of San Luis Rey with the establishment of Mission San Luis Rey de Francia by Fermín de Lasuén. During the Spanish period, Mission San Luis Rey grew to be the largest of all the Californian missions, but following the Mexican secularization act of 1833 the mission and its community declined. Following the U.S. conquest of California, the former mission lands were developed into an oceanfront resort and the community's name gradually changed to Oceanside.
History
Originally inhabited by Native Americans, Oceanside was first settled by the
Spanish era
The first European explorers arrived in 1769. Spanish missionaries under Father
In the early 19th century, the introduction of farming and grazing changed the landscape of what would become Oceanside.
Mexican era
Following the
At Mission San Luis Rey, Padre Antonio Peyrí had presided over the mission for 34 years when soldiers forced his removal in late 1833. Captain Pablo de la Portillà was appointed as administrator of San Luis Rey. Following the departure of Padre Peyrí, relations between the Luiseños and the new civilian administration hugely deteriorated, resulting in their famed refusal to work for Captain Portillà in 1835.
American era
In the late 1850s, Andrew Jackson Myers, an emigrant from Illinois, lived in
The town post office contains an oil-on-canvas mural, Air Mail, painted in 1937 by
In the 20th century, Oceanside was a beach town devoted to activities on a 6-mile (10 km) stretch of beaches. Residential areas like downtown (built in the 1890s), South Oceanside (built in the 1920s and 1930s), and developments east of Interstate 5 (built after World War II) are preserved and remodeled when these houses are considered to have historical value.[citation needed] Since the establishment of Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton in 1942, Oceanside has been home to U.S. armed forces personnel, and the wartime industry of WWII and the 1950s had an ammunition manufacturing facility in the city.[citation needed]
After 1970, the main focus[citation needed] of Oceanside was suburban development. Oceanside continues to be known as a vacation home market.[11]
In the 2010s, several mid-rise and high-rise housing and lodging projects were completed in the downtown area, with more to come. In 2021, two large Hyatt resorts were completed, bringing more tourists to the city.[12]
Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 42.2 square miles (109 km2), of which 41.2 square miles (107 km2) is land and 0.9 square miles (2.3 km2), comprising 2.23%, is water.
Traveling north on
Together with Carlsbad and Vista, it forms a tri-city area.
Climate
Oceanside experiences a semi-arid climate (Köppen climate classification: BSh) that is significantly tempered by maritime winds and the cool currents off the shoreline. The average high temperatures range from 64 to 77 °F (18 to 25 °C), while the average low temperatures range from 45 to 64 °F (7 to 18 °C). In 2023, The New York Times reported that Oceanside's beaches are decreasing is size due to dredging and other man made forces.[13]
Climate data for Oceanside, California, 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1910–present | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °F (°C) | 87 (31) |
90 (32) |
88 (31) |
85 (29) |
85 (29) |
87 (31) |
90 (32) |
94 (34) |
95 (35) |
97 (36) |
97 (36) |
90 (32) |
97 (36) |
Mean maximum °F (°C) | 77.2 (25.1) |
73.9 (23.3) |
72.7 (22.6) |
72.9 (22.7) |
70.6 (21.4) |
71.1 (21.7) |
75.2 (24.0) |
77.1 (25.1) |
79.7 (26.5) |
82.2 (27.9) |
82.0 (27.8) |
75.4 (24.1) |
87.8 (31.0) |
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 62.7 (17.1) |
62.0 (16.7) |
61.9 (16.6) |
63.4 (17.4) |
64.6 (18.1) |
66.4 (19.1) |
69.9 (21.1) |
71.3 (21.8) |
71.2 (21.8) |
69.5 (20.8) |
66.7 (19.3) |
63.2 (17.3) |
66.1 (18.9) |
Daily mean °F (°C) | 55.0 (12.8) |
55.0 (12.8) |
56.3 (13.5) |
58.4 (14.7) |
61.3 (16.3) |
63.8 (17.7) |
67.4 (19.7) |
68.4 (20.2) |
67.3 (19.6) |
63.9 (17.7) |
59.1 (15.1) |
54.9 (12.7) |
60.9 (16.1) |
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 47.2 (8.4) |
48.0 (8.9) |
50.7 (10.4) |
53.4 (11.9) |
57.9 (14.4) |
61.1 (16.2) |
65.0 (18.3) |
65.6 (18.7) |
63.5 (17.5) |
58.2 (14.6) |
51.4 (10.8) |
46.7 (8.2) |
55.7 (13.2) |
Mean minimum °F (°C) | 37.9 (3.3) |
38.9 (3.8) |
41.6 (5.3) |
45.0 (7.2) |
49.7 (9.8) |
53.8 (12.1) |
58.7 (14.8) |
58.7 (14.8) |
55.2 (12.9) |
48.9 (9.4) |
41.9 (5.5) |
37.4 (3.0) |
35.8 (2.1) |
Record low °F (°C) | 20 (−7) |
28 (−2) |
33 (1) |
33 (1) |
38 (3) |
43 (6) |
46 (8) |
47 (8) |
43 (6) |
36 (2) |
29 (−2) |
27 (−3) |
20 (−7) |
Average precipitation inches (mm) | 2.22 (56) |
2.36 (60) |
1.41 (36) |
0.80 (20) |
0.28 (7.1) |
0.08 (2.0) |
0.04 (1.0) |
0.02 (0.51) |
0.16 (4.1) |
0.57 (14) |
0.76 (19) |
1.57 (40) |
10.27 (259.71) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) | 6.1 | 6.1 | 4.8 | 2.8 | 1.7 | 0.7 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.7 | 2.1 | 3.1 | 4.7 | 33.6 |
Source 1: NOAA[14] | |||||||||||||
Source 2: National Weather Service[15] |
Demographics
Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
---|---|---|---|
1900 | 330 | — | |
1910 | 673 | 103.9% | |
1920 | 1,161 | 72.5% | |
1930 | 3,508 | 202.2% | |
1940 | 4,651 | 32.6% | |
1950 | 12,881 | 177.0% | |
1960 | 24,971 | 93.9% | |
1970 | 40,494 | 62.2% | |
1980 | 76,698 | 89.4% | |
1990 | 128,398 | 67.4% | |
2000 | 161,029 | 25.4% | |
2010 | 167,086 | 3.8% | |
2020 | 174,068 | 4.2% | |
2023 (est.) | 171,063 | [16] | −1.7% |
U.S. Decennial Census[17][18] |
2020
Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic) | Pop 2000[19] | Pop 2010[20] | Pop 2020[21] | % 2000 | % 2010 | % 2020 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
White alone (NH)
|
86,310 | 80,849 | 78,444 | 53.60% | 48.39% | 45.07% |
Black or African American alone (NH)
|
9,504 | 7,101 | 6,456 | 5.90% | 4.25% | 3.71% |
Alaska Native alone (NH)
|
682 | 613 | 503 | 0.42% | 0.37% | 0.29% |
Asian alone (NH) | 8,623 | 10,638 | 12,759 | 5.35% | 6.37% | 7.33% |
Pacific Islander alone (NH) | 1,917 | 1,999 | 1,886 | 1.19% | 1.20% | 1.08% |
Other race alone (NH) | 206 | 347 | 1,030 | 0.13% | 0.21% | 0.59% |
Mixed race or Multiracial (NH) | 5,096 | 5,592 | 9,674 | 3.16% | 3.35% | 5.56% |
Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 48,691 | 59,947 | 63,316 | 30.24% | 35.88% | 36.37% |
Total | 161,029 | 167,086 | 174,068 | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% |
2010
The
The Census reported that 166,150 people (99.4% of the population) lived in households, 802 (0.5%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 134 (0.1%) were institutionalized.
There were 59,238 households, out of which 20,486 (34.6%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 30,201 (51.0%) were
The population was spread out, with 39,817 people (23.8%) under the age of 18, 19,028 people (11.4%) aged 18 to 24, 45,797 people (27.4%) aged 25 to 44, 40,943 people (24.5%) aged 45 to 64, and 21,501 people (12.9%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35.2 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.0 males.
There were 64,435 housing units at an average density of 1,527.8 per square mile (589.9/km2), of which 34,986 (59.1%) were owner-occupied, and 24,252 (40.9%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 2.2%; the rental vacancy rate was 6.2%. Of the population 97,645 people (58.4%) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 68,505 people (41.0%) lived in rental housing units.
2000
As of the
In 2000, there were 56,488 households, out of which 35.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.1% were married couples living together, 11.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.5% were non-families. Of all households 22.7% were made up of individuals, and 10.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.83 and the average family size was 3.33.
The age distribution of Oceanside in 2000 was as follows: 27.6% under the age of 18, 10.2% from 18 to 24, 31.0% from 25 to 44, 17.6% from 45 to 64, and 13.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.1 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $46,301, and the median income for a family was $52,232. Males had a median income of $34,772 versus $27,962 for females. The
Economy
According to the city's 2017 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report,[24] the top employers in the city are:
# | Employer | # of Employees |
---|---|---|
1 | Oceanside Unified School District | 2,957 |
2 | Tri-City Hospital District | 2,423 |
3 | Mira Costa College
|
1,605 |
4 | City of Oceanside | 1,029 |
5 | West Coast Tomato Growers | 751 |
6 | North County Transit District | 737 |
7 | Genentech, Inc. | 462 |
8 | TE Connectivity | 426 |
9 | Hydranautics | 358 |
10 | Oceans Eleven Casino | 344 |
Arts and culture
- The Oceanside Pier, first built in 1888 (and now in its sixth incarnation), is one of the longest wooden piers on the western United States coastline, at 1,942 feet (592 m).[25]
- Oceanside Museum of Art is located in the cultural district section of downtown Oceanside.
- The historic district of Mount Ecclesia, home to the Rosicrucian Fellowship, is noted for its singular architecture and the preservation of nature grounds and gardens, offering a unique meditative walking experience.
- Oceanside is one of the 14 designated cultural districts in California.[26] This designation by the California Arts Council acknowledges the city's vibrant arts scene and its commitment to cultural enrichment. The Oceanside Cultural District encompasses a walkable area in the downtown center, boasting a concentration of museums and theaters, like the historic Star Theatre.
- The California Surf Museum is located in downtown Oceanside.
- Oceanside is home to the World's Largest Women's Surf Competition, the Supergirl Pro Jam event, which has been held yearly since 2007.[27]
- Each Thursday evening, downtown Oceanside hosts the Sunset Market, a gathering of local vendors, hot food and live entertainment.[28]
- Founded in 2006, the Frontwave Credit Union O'side Turkey Trot hosts approximately 9,000 runners and walkers from 46 states and 8 countries. The O'Side Turkey Trot has been voted one of the top trots in the country several times.
- Since 2006, Oceanside has played host to the official start of the annual 3,000-mile (4,800 km) bicycle race, Race Across America, which is usually held during the second week of June. It is considered the world's toughest sporting event by many experts.
- Oceanside has hosted the Beach Soccer Championships since 2007. The festival is the largest on the west coast and takes place the third weekend in May. The event has a PRO side to the event called The Beach Soccer USA Cup and it is considered to host the toughest competition of its kind in the United States.
- The Oceanside International Film Festival was founded in 2009 by the Oceanside Cultural Arts Foundation.[29]
- The famous house in the film Top Gun, commonly called the Top Gun House, where Kelly McGillis and Tom Cruise shot a romantic scene. In 2019 the house was moved from its original site and extensively restored; it now is a popular tourist attraction[30]
- Oceanside is home to a harbor which contains a lighthouse, several shops and restaurants, the Oceanside Sign, and hundreds of boats.
- The TV series Animal Kingdom, based on the 2010 film of the same name, is set in Oceanside.
- The 2023 Disney animated TV series Hailey's On It! is set on Oceanside.
Government
The city operates under the council-manager form of government. The city council consists of four members elected from districts and one mayor[31] elected at large. The current council is composed of: Esther Sanchez (mayor), Ryan Keim (deputy mayor)(District 3), Peter Weiss(District 4), Eric Joyce(District 1), and Rick Robinson(District 2).[32]
The current
The City of Oceanside is a full-service city. It provides its own police and fire safety, library, water and sewer services. In addition, the city has a municipal airport, a small craft harbor, one of the longest wooden piers in the west, golf courses, swimming pools, numerous parks, community centers, and extensive palm-lined beaches.
State and federal representation
In the
In the United States House of Representatives, Oceanside is in California's 49th congressional district, represented by Democrat Mike Levin.[36]
Education
Residents of Oceanside may attend schools in the
The Oceanside Unified School District has two comprehensive high schools,
The other school, Louise Foussat Elementary School, located on Pala Road, is built on 12.6 acres (5.1 ha) of land with 35 classrooms totaling 54,490 square feet (5,062 m2) and can accommodate 800 students.
A free, independent public charter school, Scholarship Prep, is a new TK-8th grade school which was authorized to open in August 2017 and is sited at the historic San Luis Rey Mission. It offers a full educational experience for Oceanside students.
Transportation
Rail and air
The Oceanside Transit Center is a major railway interchange for long distance and commuter rail services. Amtrak's Pacific Surfliner provides service to San Luis Obispo via Los Angeles and San Diego. Metrolink's commuter rail service connects Oceanside to many parts of Greater Los Angeles, while Coaster commuter rail serves northern and central San Diego County. The Sprinter hybrid rail service connects Oceanside to Escondido.
Oceanside Municipal Airport (OCN) is mainly used as a general aviation field. The nearest international airport is San Diego International Airport, connected to Oceanside via Amtrak and Coaster rail services.
Interstate and highways
Interstate 5 (I-5) travels through Oceanside, connecting to California State Route 76 (SR 76) and California State Route 78 (SR 78) within the city.
Notable people
Sister cities
References
- ^ "California Cities by Incorporation Date". California Association of Local Agency Formation Commissions. Archived from the original (Word) on October 17, 2013. Retrieved August 25, 2014.
- ^ "City At A Glance". City of Oceanside, California. Retrieved January 28, 2015.
- ^ "2019 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 1, 2020.
- ^ "Oceanside". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior. Retrieved January 3, 2015.
- ^ "Oceanside (city) QuickFacts". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on January 2, 2012. Retrieved March 11, 2015.
- ^ "Population and Housing Unit Estimates". Retrieved May 21, 2020.
- ^ CULTURAL RESOURCES SURVEY AND ASSESSMENT, MISSION/ACADEMY PLANNED DEVELOPMENT PLAN OCEANSIDE, SAN DIEGO COUNTY, CALIFORNIAhttps://www.ci.oceanside.ca.us/civicax/filebank/blobdload.aspx?blobid=39420
- ^ "Americanization School - GEM IN THE CENTER OF CROWN HEIGHTS". Oceanside Chamber of Commerce.
- ^ a b "Image:Oceanside plaque". July 17, 2006. Retrieved July 17, 2006.
- ISBN 9780415968263.
- ^ Fletcher, June (June 13, 2005). "The Hottest Vacation-Home Markets: Second homes are sizzling; We tell you where—and why". The Wall Street Journal. p. R1.
- ^ Tan, Michael (March 5, 2019). "San Diego's Oceanside to open two upscale resorts operated by Hyatt". Hotel Management. Retrieved June 22, 2021.
- ^ Cowan, Jill; Shannon, Maggie. "A California Beach Town Is Desperate to Save Its Vanishing Sand". The New York Times. Archived from the original on September 3, 2023. Retrieved September 3, 2023.
- ^ "U.S. Climate Normals Quick Access – Station: Oceanside Marina, CA". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved May 25, 2023.
- ^ "NOAA Online Weather Data – NWS San Diego". National Weather Service. Retrieved May 25, 2023.
- ^ "State's Population Decline Slows While Housing Grows Per New State Demographic Report" (PDF). dof.ca.gov (Press release). Retrieved September 14, 2023.
- ^ "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Retrieved June 4, 2015.
- ^ "U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts". Census.gov. Retrieved June 16, 2022.
- ^ "P004: Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2000: DEC Summary File 1 – Oceanside city, California". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 26, 2024.
- ^ "P2: Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2010: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Oceanside city, California". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 26, 2024.
- ^ "P2: Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Oceanside city, California". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 26, 2024.
- ^ "2010 Census Interactive Population Search: CA - Oceanside city". U.S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original on July 15, 2014. Retrieved July 12, 2014.
- ^ "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
- ^ City of Oceanside CAFR Retrieved August 13, 2009
- ^ "Oceanside Pier".
- ^ "Oceanside Cultural District".
- ^ "Welcome". Super Girl Jam.
- ^ "Sunset Market". Main Street Oceanside.
- ^ Kragen, Pam (October 11, 2009). "Oceanside launches first film festival". Hartford Courant. Retrieved March 17, 2022.
- ^ Hyard, Ray (June 4, 2020). "'Top Gun' House Restored, Moved To Hotel Site". San Diego Business Journal. Retrieved June 5, 2020.
- ^ "Esther C. Sanchez". City of Oceanside.
- ^ "City Council". City of Oceanside, CA. Retrieved December 30, 2014.
- ^ "City Treasurer". City of Oceanside, CA. Retrieved December 18, 2017.
- ^ "City Clerk". City of Oceanside, CA. Retrieved January 14, 2015.
- ^ "Final Maps". We Draw the Lines CA. 2020 California Citizens Redistricting Commission. Retrieved May 16, 2023.
- ^ "California's 49th Congressional District - Representatives & District Map". Civic Impulse, LLC.