Oka (river)
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Oka | |
---|---|
Native name | Ока́ (Russian) |
Location | |
Country | Russia |
Cities | Oryol, Kaluga, Serpukhov, Kolomna, Ryazan, Murom, Dzerzhinsk, Nizhny Novgorod |
Physical characteristics | |
Source | |
• location | Oryol Oblast |
• coordinates | 52°21′45″N 36°13′20″E / 52.36250°N 36.22222°E |
• elevation | 226 m (741 ft) |
Mouth | Volga |
• location | Nizhny Novgorod |
• coordinates | 56°19′55″N 43°58′53″E / 56.33194°N 43.98139°E |
• elevation | 67 m (220 ft) |
Length | 1,500 km (930 mi) |
Basin size | 245,000 km2 (95,000 sq mi) 244,308.3 km2 (94,328.0 sq mi)[1] |
Discharge | |
• location | Nizhny Novgorod (near mouth) |
• average | 1,260 m3/s (44,000 cu ft/s) 1,327.15 m3/s (46,868 cu ft/s)[2] |
Discharge | |
• location | Ryazan (Basin size: 97,995.8 km2 (37,836.4 sq mi) |
• average | 585.477 m3/s (20,675.9 cu ft/s)[3] |
Discharge | |
• location | Kaluga (Basin size: 54,877.8 km2 (21,188.4 sq mi) |
• average | 305.042 m3/s (10,772.5 cu ft/s)[4] |
Basin features | |
Progression | Moksha |
The Oka (Russian: Ока́, IPA: [ɐˈka]) is a river in central Russia, the largest right tributary of the Volga. It flows through the regions of Oryol, Tula, Kaluga, Moscow, Ryazan, Vladimir and Nizhny Novgorod and is navigable over a large part of its total length, as far upstream as the town of Kaluga. Its length is 1,500 km (930 mi) and its catchment area 245,000 km2 (95,000 sq mi).[5] The Russian capital Moscow sits on one of the Oka's tributaries—the Moskva.
Name and history
The Oka river was the homeland of the Eastern Slavic
From the Mongol conquest until about 1633, the Oka was the last line of defense against steppe raiders. Later
The river gave its name to the Upper Oka Principalities, situated upstream from Tarusa. In 1221 Grand Duke Yuri II of Vladimir founded Nizhny Novgorod, later to become one of largest Russian cities, to protect the Oka's confluence with the Volga. The Qasim Khanate, a Muslim polity, occupied the middle reaches of the Oka (around the city of Kasimov) in the 15th and 16th centuries.[citation needed]
Before the construction of the railways in the mid-19th century and the building of the
Landmarks
The banks of the river are dotted with historical and cultural sites, including the medieval monasteries of
The
In culture
The Oka appears as the title and main theme in a popular, nostalgia-filled military field song written by
Main tributaries
The largest tributaries of the Oka are, from source to mouth:[5]
Cities on the Oka
References
- ^ "Rivers Network". 2020.
- ^ "Rivers Network". 2020.
- ^ "Rivers Network". 2020.
- ^ "Rivers Network". 2020.
- ^ a b «Река Ока», Russian State Water Registry
- ISBN 9781442697287.
- ^ "History of Russia, the Russian Empire, in ancient times, read | we know everything - Mouzenidis Travel". Mouzenidis Travel. Retrieved 2018-11-18.
- ^ Tarasov, Илья Тарасов / Ilia (January 2017). "Балты в миграциях Великого переселения народов. Галинды // Исторический формат, № 3-4, 2017. С. 95-124". Балты в миграциях Великого переселения народов. Галинды.
- ISBN 9781134318254.
- ^ Steinwedel, Charles (2016). Threads of Empire: Loyalty and Tsarist Authority in Bashkiria, 1552-1917. Indiana University Press. p. 13.
- ^ Bruin, Cornelis de (1725), Voyage au Levant: c'est-à-dire, dans les principaux endroits de l'Asie Mineure, dans les isles de Chio, Rhodes, Chypre, etc., de même que dans les plus considérables villes d'Egypte, de Syrie, et Terre Sainte., vol. 3, J.-B.-C. Bauche le fils, pp. 233–247
- ^ Bruin 1725, p. 240
External links
- Oka at GEOnet Names Server
- Media related to Oka River at Wikimedia Commons