Oleshky
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Oleshky
Олешки | |
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Coordinates: 46°37′00″N 32°43′00″E / 46.61667°N 32.71667°E | |
Country | Ukraine |
Oblast | Kherson Oblast |
Raion | Kherson Raion |
Hromada | Oleshky urban hromada |
Founded | 1784 |
Town status since | 1802 |
Area | |
• Total | 15.7 km2 (6.1 sq mi) |
Population (2022) | |
• Total | 24,124 |
• Density | 1,598/km2 (4,140/sq mi) |
Postal code | 75100 |
Area code | +380 5542 |
Climate | Cfa |
Website | https://oleshki-rada.gov.ua/ |
Oleshky (
Geography
The city is located in the south of Ukraine, near Kherson.[3] It is a port on the Konka River.[4] The Oleshky Sands are located in close proximity to the town.[5]
History
Ancient history
The area around Oleshky has been known since antiquity.
The settlement of Oleshia has been known since medieval times. Its name was derived from the forest area, and is related to the modern name "Oleshky".
It is believed by some historians that Oleshia existed from the 10th to the 13th century as a large
From the 15th to 18th century, the territory of modern Oleshky was under the control of the Crimean Khanate, who permitted the Zaporozhian Cossacks to settle there.[4] After the Cossacks sided with the enemies of Russian Tsar Peter the Great, they were driven from their settlements along the Kamianka River in 1711. The Crimean Khanate permitted the Zaporozhians to establish a Sich on the Khanate's territory. The Cossacks established the Oleshky Sich above the Dnieper–Bug estuary near where the modern town of Oleshky is located.[9] Eventually in 1734, the Cossacks were officially allowed to return to the Russian Empire.[9][7]
Tsarist Russia and the Soviet Union
Intensive settlement of the region around Oleshky began in 1783 after the
The Tsarist government was interested in rapidly settling the
During
Tsiurupynsk was occupied by German troops on 10 September 1941. In late September or early October 1941, some 800 Jews from Tsiurupynsk and its vicinity were murdered at a site east of the town. In 1943, the children of mixed marriages between Jews and non-Jews were murdered in Tsiurupynsk.[12] According to Soviet sources, a total of 2,160 civilians in Oleshky and neighboring localities were murdered by the Nazis, and 356 were deported to Germany for forced labor. Tsiurupynsk itself was liberated by the Red Army on 4 November 1943, but German troops held onto a bridgehead near the Tsiurupynsk railway station nearby until 20 December 1943.[13]
21st century
On 21 November 2007, the town council adopted resolution No.296 to restore the name Oleshky. The town council deputies and district councils, as well as the local
Oleshky urban hromada was created in June 2020 in accordance with an edict by the Ukrainian government determining the territories of hromadas in the Kherson region, by uniting the Oleshky city municipality with various village councils in Oleshky Raion.[16] Until 18 July 2020, Oleshky was the administrative center of Oleshky Raion. The raion was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions in Kherson Oblast to five. The area of Oleshky Raion was merged into Kherson Raion.[17][18]
On 24 February 2022, Oleshky was occupied by Russian forces in the
On 20 March 2023, the Russian occupiers reinstated the name "Tsiurupynsk" for the town; the reason given was that it was "part of the reversal of the renamings" that had taken place after the 2014 Revolution of Dignity, which they referred to as "the coup d'état in Kyiv."[11]
In June 2023, Oleshky was almost completely flooded as a result of the destruction of the Kakhovka Dam, with the water rising to roof level for many buildings.[24][25]
Economy
Oleshky has a cellulose and paper factory, a fish-processing plant, a juice-making factory, and a winery.[4]
Demographics
Ethnic makeup of the city according to the 2001 Ukrainian census:[26]
Gallery
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Mineral water plant
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Residential blocks in Oleshky
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M14 highway passing through Oleshky
See also
Notes
References
Notes
- ^ "Олешківска міська громада" (in Ukrainian). Портал об'єднаних громад України.
- ^ Чисельність наявного населення України на 1 січня 2022 [Number of Present Population of Ukraine, as of January 1, 2022] (PDF) (in Ukrainian and English). Kyiv: State Statistics Service of Ukraine. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 July 2022.
- ^ Yankovskiy, Oleksandr (12 March 2022). "Shortages Of Cash, Food, Gas: Mayor Of Ukrainian Town Describes Two Weeks Behind Russian Lines". Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. Retrieved 3 November 2023.
- ^ a b c d e "Tsiurupynsk". encyclopediaofukraine.com. Retrieved 3 November 2023.
- ^ "Oleshia Sands". encyclopediaofukraine.com. Retrieved 3 November 2023.
- ^ a b c Pospelov, pp. 26–27
- ^ a b c d e f g h "Цюрупинськ, Цюрупинський район, Херсонська область". Історія міст і сіл Української РСР (in Ukrainian). Retrieved 3 November 2023.
- ^ a b "Oleshia". encyclopediaofukraine.com. Retrieved 3 November 2023.
- ^ a b "Oleshky Sich". encyclopediaofukraine.com. Retrieved 3 November 2023.
- ^ a b Салабуда, Т. А. (2022). "Олешки" (in Ukrainian). Інститут енциклопедичних досліджень НАН України. Retrieved 3 November 2023.
- ^ Istorychna Pravda ("Historical Truth")(in Ukrainian). 20 March 2023. Retrieved 20 March 2023.
- ^ "Yad Vashem — Tsyurupinsk". collections.yadvashem.org.
- ^ "Цюрупинськ, Цюрупинський район, Херсонська область (продовження)". Історія міст і сіл Української РСР (in Ukrainian). Retrieved 3 November 2023.
- ^ Цюрупинськ хочуть перейменувати. Депутати звернулися до Ющенка [They want to rename Tsiurupynsk. Town`s council deputies have applied to Yushchenko]. Unian. 25 November 2007. Retrieved 7 August 2015.
- ^ Рада перейменувала Дніпродзержинськ на Кам'янське [Rada renamed Dniprodzerzhynsk to Kamianske] (in Ukrainian). Українські Національні Новини. 19 May 2016. Archived from the original on 19 May 2016. Retrieved 19 May 2016.
{{cite news}}
: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link) - ^ "Про визначення адміністративних центрів та затвердження територій територіальних громад Херсонської області". Офіційний портал Верховної Ради України. Retrieved 4 September 2021.
- ^ "Про утворення та ліквідацію районів. Постанова Верховної Ради України № 807-ІХ". Голос України (in Ukrainian). 18 July 2020. Retrieved 3 October 2020.
- ^ "Нові райони: карти + склад" (in Ukrainian). Міністерство розвитку громад та територій України.
- ^ Херсонщина: від дій РФ загинуло 2 дітей, захоплено Олешки і переправу [Kherson region: Russian Federation actions have resulted in the deaths of 2 children, Oleshky and crossing are captured]. Українська Правда (in Ukrainian). Retrieved 26 February 2022.
- ^ "Українська правда". Telegram.
- ^ "Invaders Raised Russian Flags In Skadovsk. Executive Committee Did Not Go To Work". ukranews.com.
- ^ Trevelyan, Mark (9 November 2022). "Russia abandons Ukrainian city of Kherson in major retreat". Reuters. Retrieved 25 February 2023.
- ^ "All collaborators taken out from Oleshky in Kherson Oblast". Yahoo! News. 3 December 2022. Retrieved 25 February 2023.
- ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 8 June 2023.
- ^ "Ukraine dam: Maps and before and after images reveal scale of disaster". BBC News. 7 June 2023. Retrieved 8 June 2023.
- ^ 2001 Ukrainian census data, datatowel.in.ua. Accessed 26 February 2024.
Sources
- Е. М. Поспелов (Ye. M. Pospelov). "Имена городов: вчера и сегодня (1917–1992). Топонимический словарь." (City Names: Yesterday and Today (1917–1992). Toponymic Dictionary.) Москва, "Русские словари", 1993.
External links
- Brief history profile (in Ukrainian)
- Information about the city council