Olympus (Lycia)
Ὄλυμπος | |
Location | Çıralı, Antalya Province, Turkey |
---|---|
Region | Lycia |
Coordinates | 36°23′48″N 30°28′23″E / 36.39667°N 30.47306°E |
Type | Settlement |
Site notes | |
Ownership | Public |
Website | Olympus Archaeological Site (in Turkish) |
Olympus or Olympos (
History
The exact date of the city's foundation is unknown. A wall and an inscription on a sarcophagus have been dated to the end of the 4th century BC, so Olympus must have been founded at the latest in the Hellenistic period.[1] The city presumably taking its name from nearby Mount Olympus (Turkish: Tahtalı Dağı, Timber Mountain), one of over twenty mountains with the name Olympus in the Classical world.
The city was a member of the Lycian League, but it is uncertain when it joined the League. It started minting Lycian League coins from the end of the second century BC, possibly the 130s.[2] At this time Olympus was one of the six largest cities of the League, which possessed three votes each.[3]
Around 100 BC, Olympus started issuing its own coins, separate from the League. At this point
Olympus is missing from the Stadiasmus Patarensis and the Stadiasmus Maris Magni. However, both include the already mentioned Corycus, which is described in ancient sources as a port of some significance. There is no evidence that Olympus was a maritime city prior to the 2nd century AD. On this basis Mustafa Adak has argued that Olympus was initially founded on Mount Olympus, which he identifies as Musa Dağı instead of Tahtalı Dağı. In his theory, the Romans destroyed Olympus, after which the population moved to Corycus, and the name of Corycus was changed to Olympus when Hadrian visited the city in 131 AD.[8]
In the
Bishopric
Olympus became a
No longer a residential bishopric, Olympus is today listed by the Catholic Church as a titular see.[13]
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Modern times
Olympus is now a popular tourist area. The ruins of the ancient city end in a valley that holds numerous pensions and guest houses. The valley is bound on the water side by Mount Omurga.
See also
References
- ^ Özer 2013, p. 216.
- ^ Özer 2013, pp. 211, 217.
- ^ Strabo 1929, 14.3.3.
- ^ a b Strabo 1929, 14.5.7.
- ^ "Olympos | Turkish Archaeological News". turkisharchaeonews.net. Retrieved 2021-04-12.
- ^ Marcus Tullius Cicero 1903, 2.1.56.
- ^ Lund University. Digital Atlas of the Roman Empire.
- ^ Adak 2004.
- ^ Suda Encyclopedia, §mu.432
- ^ Michel Lequien, Oriens christianus in quatuor Patriarchatus digestus, Paris 1740, Vol. I, coll. 975-978
- ^ Pius Bonifacius Gams, Series episcoporum Ecclesiae Catholicae, Leipzig 1931, p. 449
- ^ Pseudo-Epiphanius, Notitia Episcopatuum, §4.17
- ISBN 978-88-209-9070-1), p. 944
Sources
- Adak, Mustafa (2004). "Lokalisierung von Olympos und Korykos in Ostlykien". Gephyra (in German). 1 (1). Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2015-02-13.
- Adak, Mustafa; Tüner, Nihal (2004). "Neue Inschriften aus Olympos und seinem Territorium I". Gephyra (in German). 1 (1).
- Marcus Tullius Cicero (1903). "Against Verres". In Yonge, C. D. (ed.). The Orations of Marcus Tullius Cicero. London: George Bell & Sons.
- Özer, Elif (2013). "The Lycian League and Olympus in Eastern Lycia" (PDF). Mediterranean Journal of Humanities. 3 (1): 211–224. .
- ISBN 978-0-674-99246-7.
Further reading
- Parman, Ebru (2006). Olympos: A Pirate's Town in Lycia. Homer Kitabevi. ISBN 9789758293957.