Online newspaper
An online newspaper (or electronic news or electronic news publication) is the online version of a newspaper, either as a stand-alone publication or as the online version of a printed periodical.
Going online created more opportunities for newspapers, such as competing with broadcast journalism in presenting breaking news in a more timely manner. The credibility and strong brand recognition of well established newspapers, and the close relationships they have with advertisers, are also seen by many in the newspaper industry as strengthening their chances of survival.[1] The movement away from the printing process can also help decrease costs.
Online newspapers, like printed newspapers, have legal restrictions regarding libel, privacy, and copyright,[2] also apply to online publications in most countries as in the UK. Also, the UK Data Protection Act applies to online newspapers and news pages.[3] Up to 2014, the PCC ruled in the UK, but there was no clear distinction between authentic online newspapers and forums or blogs. In 2007, a ruling was passed to formally regulate UK-based online newspapers, news audio, and news video websites covering the responsibilities expected of them and to clear up what is, and what is not an online news publication.[4][5]
News reporters are being taught to shoot video[6] and to write in the succinct manner necessary for Internet news pages. Some newspapers have attempted to integrate the Internet into every aspect of their operations, e.g., the writing of stories for both print and online, and classified advertisements appearing in both media, while other newspaper websites may be quite different from the corresponding printed newspaper.
History
An early example of an "online-only" newspaper or magazine was (PLATO) News Report, an online newspaper created by Bruce Parrello in 1974 on the
Examples
Very few newspapers in 2006 claimed to have made money from their websites, which were mostly free to all viewers. Declining profit margins and declining
The Guardian experimented with new media in 2005, offering a free twelve-part weekly podcast series by Ricky Gervais.[10] Another UK daily to go online is The Daily Telegraph.
In Australia, most major newspapers offer an online version, with or without a paywalled subscription option. In Algeria, the number of daily visitors of news websites and online editions of newspapers surpasses the number of daily readers of print newspapers since the end of 2016.[11]
Online-only newspapers
An online-only paper has no print-media connections. An example is the UK
Even print media is turning to online-only publication. As of 2009, the decrease of the traditional business model of print newspapers has led to various attempts to establish local, regional or national online-only newspapers - publications that do original reporting, rather than just commentary or summaries of reporting from other publications. An early major example in the U.S. is the Seattle Post-Intelligencer, which stopped publishing after 149 years in March 2009 and went online only. In Scotland, in 2010, Caledonian Mercury became Scotland's first online-only newspaper, with the same aims as Southport Reporter in the UK, with The Yorkshire Times the following suit and becoming Yorkshire's first online-only paper in 2011. The Independent ceased print publications in 2016, becoming the first British national newspaper to move to an online only format.[13]
In the US, technology news websites such as
In October 2020, 11 online only news portals formed DIGIPUB News India foundation to encourage an ecosystem of Digital Only press.[15]
Trends
In 2015, 65% of people reported that print was their preferred method for reading a newspaper, down 4% from 2014.[16] The methods people use to get their news from digital means was at 28%, as opposed to 20% of people attaining the news through print newspapers.[16] These trends indicate an increase in digital consumption of newspapers, as opposed to print.[17] Today, ad revenue for digital forms of newspapers is nearly 25%, while print is constituting the remaining 75%.[16] Contrastingly, ad revenue for digital methods was 5% in 2006.[16]
Hybrid newspapers
Hybrid newspapers are predominantly focused on online content, but also produce a print form.[18] Trends in online newspapers indicate publications may switch to digital methods, especially online newspapers in the future.[17] The New York Times is an example of this model of the newspaper as it provides both a home delivery print subscription and a digital one as well.[19] There are some newspapers which are predominantly online, but also provide limited hard copy publishing[11] An example is annarbor.com, which replaced the Ann Arbor News in the summer of 2009. It is primarily an online newspaper, but publishes a hard copy twice a week.[12] Other trends indicate that this business model is being adopted by many newspapers with the growth of digital media.[17]
The turn to hybrid publishing models has been commensurate with the increasing importance of social media platforms to disseminate news, especially amongst 18-24 demographic.[20]
Use
In 2013, the Reuters Institute[21] commissioned a cross-country survey on news consumption, and gathered data related to online newspaper use that emphasizes the lack of use of paid online newspaper services.[22] The countries surveyed were France, Germany, Denmark, Spain, Italy, Japan, Brazil, the United States, and the United Kingdom. All samples within each country were nationally representative. Half of the sample reportedly paid for a print newspaper in the past 7 days, and only one-twentieth of the sample paid for online news in the past 7 days. That only 5% of the sample had recently paid for online newspaper access is likely because most people access news that is free. People with portable devices, like tablets or smartphones, were significantly more likely to subscribe to digital news content. Additionally, people aged between 25 and 34 are more willing to pay for digital news than older people across all countries. This is in line with the Pew Research Center's[23] finding in a survey of U.S. Americans that the Internet is a leading source of news for people younger than 50.[24]
Popularity of online articles
Not all articles published online receive the same amount of attention; there are factors that determine their popularity. The number of times an article gets shared on
A team of Portuguese scientists
See also
- Computer magazine
- Digital media
- Electronic journalism
- History of French journalism
- Internet
- Internet radio
- Internet television
- Online magazine
- World Wide Web
- List of online newspaper archives
References
- ^ Steffens, Brian L. (March 2006). "Newspapers Recreate Their Medium". eJournal USA. U.S. Department of State's Bureau of International Information Programs. Archived from the original on Mar 14, 2007.
- ^ "P-01: UK Copyright Law fact sheet". The UK Copyright Service. 6 July 2020. Archived from the original on Feb 11, 2024.
- ^ "Data Protection Act 1998". legislation.gov.uk. Archived from the original on Feb 13, 2024.
- ^ Luft, Oliver (2007-01-19). "PCC to regulate newspaper audio and video". journalism.co.uk. Archived from the original on Mar 1, 2007.
- ^ "Guidance Note on the extension of the PCC's remit to include editorial audio-visual material on newspaper and magazine websites". Press Complaints Commission. Archived from the original on Sep 28, 2007.
- ^ Andersen, Kurt (15 February 2007). "You Must Be Streaming". NYMag. Archived from the original on Nov 29, 2023.
- ^ Silberman, Steve (17 March 1997). "'PLATO People' reunite, honor founder". Wired. Archived from the original on Apr 29, 2023.
- ^ Shedden, David (2004-12-16). "New Media Timeline (1980)". Poynter. Archived from the original on Feb 3, 2024.
- .
- ^ Jason Deans, Dec 8, 2005. "Gervais to host Radio 2 Christmas show", The Guardian. Archived 2022-11-29 at the Wayback Machine.
- ^ "Projet pour un pacte d'avenir/ Les médias électroniques plus fort potential pour développer des contenus algériens Sur Internet". Algérie Focus (in French). November 12, 2017. Archived from the original on November 12, 2017. Retrieved November 12, 2017.
- ^ Alzner, Belina. "A paywall success story: AllNovaScotia.com". J-Source: The Canadian Journalism Project. J-Source. Retrieved 13 April 2016.
- ^ "Independent to cease as print edition". BBC News. 2016-02-12. Retrieved 2023-11-17.
- ^ "News, Politics, Business, Tech and the Arts on Arabian Post - Arabian Post". Arabian Post.
- ^ "Eleven Indian Digital Media Publications Come Together to 'Build a Digital News Ecology'". The Wire. Retrieved 2020-10-29.
- ^ a b c d Barthel, Michael (2016-06-15). "Newspapers: Fact Sheet". Pew Research Center's Journalism Project. Retrieved 2016-10-10.
- ^ a b c "The Race". Columbia Journalism Review. Retrieved 2016-10-10.
- ^ "Page Redirection". annarbor.com. Retrieved 2016-10-10.
- ^ "Breaking News, World News & Multimedia". Retrieved 2016-10-10.
- ^ "Reuters Institute Digital News Report 2021" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2021-06-26.
- ^ "Reuters Institute for the study of Journalism". Reuters Institute for the study of Journalism.
- ^ Newman, N., & Levy, D.A.L. (2013). Reuters Institute Digital News Report 2013. Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism, University of Oxford.
- ^ "Pew Research Center - Nonpartisan, non-advocacy public opinion polling, and demographic research". www.pewresearch.org.
- ^ Dimock, M., Doherty, C., Nagina.net & Tyson, A. (2013). Report: Amid Criticism, Support for Media's 'Watchdog' Role Stands Out. Pew Research Center.
- ^ Bandari, R., Azur, S., & Huberman, B. (2012). "The Pulse of News in Social Media: Forecasting Popularity" (PDF).
- ^ Fernandes, K. , Vinagre, P. & Cortez, P. (2015)."A Proactive Intelligent Decision Support System for Predicting the Popularity of Online News" (PDF).
Further reading
- Herre van Oostendorp & Christof van Nimwegen (September 1998). "Locating Information in an Online Newspaper" (PDF). Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication. 4 (1). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-04-23. Retrieved 2011-12-20.
- Hsiang Iris Chyi & George Sylvie (1998). "Competing With Whom? Where? And How? A Structural Analysis of the Electronic Newspaper Market". Journal of Media Economics. 11 (2): 1–18. .
- Carina Ihlström; Maria Åkesson; Stig Nordqvist (2004-07-07). "From print to web to e-paper — the challenge of designing the e-newspaper" (PDF).
- Hanluain, D. O. (2004-02-13). "Free content becoming thing of the past for UK's online newspaper sites". Online Journalism Review.
- Hsiang Iris Chyi & Dominic L. Lasorsa (2002). "An Explorative Study on the Market Relation Between Online and Print Newspapers". Journal of Media Economics. 15 (2): 91–106. S2CID 154854346.
External links
- Media related to Online newspapers at Wikimedia Commons
- Online archive of newspapers at Google News Archive
- US newspaper and obituaries directory at LDS Genealogy