Operation Artemis

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Operation Artemis
Part of the Ituri conflict

Location of Ituri within the Congo
Date30 May 2003[1] – 1 September 2003[2]
Location
Belligerents
Lendu
tribe
(UPC)  
MONUC
European Union Artemis

Operation Artemis, formally European Union Force Democratic Republic of the Congo (EUFOR), was a short-term

European Security and Defence Policy
.

Background

During the

Lendu and Hema, that had caused the deaths of thousands of people by 2003.[5]

2003 Ituri conflict fighting

In 2003, Lendu and Hema

Resolution 1484 on 30 May 2003 and authorised the deployment of a French led Interim Multinational Emergency Force (IMEF) to the regional capital of Bunia.[1]

UN observer mission and withdrawal of Ugandan troops

In the beginning of 2003, the

United Nations Mission in the Democratic Republic of Congo (MONUC) observer teams present in that country since 1999, monitored serious combats and human rights violations in Ituri
province where the Ituri conflict had been unfolding for the previous four years.

The withdrawal of 7,000 Ugandan troops in April 2003 led to a deteriorating security situation in the Ituri region, endangering the peace process in DRC.[citation needed] In April 2003, 800 Ugandan soldiers were deployed in Bunia and one observer died in a mine explosion. In May 2003, two military observers were killed by a militia.

Intervention

The

Resolution 1484 authorising the deployment of an Interim Multinational Emergency Force (IMEF) to Bunia with a task to secure the airport, protect internally displaced persons
in camps and the civilians in the town.

The

SSG and FJS IK, the latter being an elite specially trained company from the Swedish Parachute Ranger School) was also added.[9]

Operation Artemis was launched on 12 June and the IMEF completed its deployment in the following three weeks. The force was successful in stabilising the situation in Bunia and enforcing the UN presence in the DRC. On 1 September 2003, responsibility for the security of the region was handed over to the MONUC mission. The number of authorised personnel in the MONUC mission was previously extended in Resolution 1493.

Following the rapid deployment of about 1800 troops to the region in June 2003, Bunia was secured but massacres continued in the countryside.[5] On 1 September 2003, responsibility for the security of the region was handed over to the MONUC mission.[2]

Milestone

By December 2003, one of major warring parties in the region, the

European Security and Defence Policy.[10]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b Steele, Jonathan (31 May 2003). "UN sends troops to stop Congo massacres". The Guardian. Retrieved 11 July 2015.
  2. ^ a b Sjoera Dikkers & Roeland Muskens (9 September 2003). "Nederlandse troepen naar Grote Meren". Trouw (in Dutch). Retrieved 11 July 2015.
  3. ^ Türke 2008, p. 4
  4. ^ Türke 2016, p. 53-106
  5. ^ a b c "DR Congo (Zaire) > Non-state Conflict > Hema - Lendu > Summary". Conflict Encyclopedia. Uppsala Conflict Data Program. Retrieved 12 July 2015.
  6. ^ "Q&A: DR Congo's ethnic flashpoint". BBC News. 15 May 2003.
  7. ^ Barringer, Felicity (13 May 2003). "U.N. Council May Request Foreign Force For Congo". The New York Times.
  8. ^ "Groen licht voor EU-missie Congo". Trouw (in Dutch). 5 June 2003. Retrieved 11 July 2015.
  9. ^ "Svår operation i Kongo" [Difficult operation in Congo] (in Swedish). Swedish Armed Forces. 4 April 2008. Retrieved 1 June 2016.
  10. .

Bibliography