Order of St. George (Habsburg-Lorraine)
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The Order of St. George – a European Order of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine (German: St. Georgs-Orden – ein Europäischer Orden des Hauses Habsburg-Lothringen[2]), or simply Order of Saint George, is a dynastic order of chivalry and thus a house order of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine, the former Imperial and Royal House of the Holy Roman Empire, the Habsburg monarchy, the Empire of Austria, the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, the Kingdom of Hungary, the Crown lands of Bohemia and Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia and further nations.
The order combines knightly tradition with the idea of a
It is a European and non-partisan order, which supports the transnational idea of
Patron saint
The patron saint of the order is Saint George as a symbol of chivalry.
Principle
The order engages in charitable activities.[5] It strives to alleviate or combat the "eightfold misery" in the world: sickness, abandonment, homelessness, hunger, lovelessness, guilt, indifference, and disbelief.[6]
History
Early centuries
The origins of today's Order of St. George, a European order of the
The order has traditional roots in the Austrian
The sovereignty of the
20th century
In 1923, officers of the Central Powers, the German Empire and Austria-Hungary, which were allied during World War I, founded an association. Their orientation was monarchistic and followed the tradition of the Holy Roman Empire. In 1926, in a reorganization convention in Hanover, the tradition of the former Limburg house order was integrated, especially the reference to the four Luxembourg emperors and their initials in the insignia. In 1927, the statutes were revised to deepen it and the order was given the name “Old Knight Order of St. George called Order of the Four Roman Emperors”, with the balles of Wendland, Lower Saxony, Rhineland-Westphalia, southern Germany and Austria-Hungary. Expression of this renewal of the order in spirit was the adoption of St. George in the order. The position of a grand master was left vacant, the administration of the order was held by an order governor.[9]
In 1935, due to the political situation in the
The House of Habsburg was an early supporter of
21st century
On 18 January 2008, on behalf of Archduke Otto and his son Archduke Karl, the foundation of the European Order of St. George was celebrated in Munich and a first order chapter was elected.
At the convent on 30 April 2011, Archduke
The members of the order should also use those Habsburg roots that extend beyond Central Europe, for example to
Vinzenz Stimpfl-Abele, procurator of the Order, goes back to
Regarding the necessary moral attitude of a St. George knight today, Bishop Klaus Küng said during an investiture in Budapest: "When it comes to values that are of great importance to human development, it is necessary to stand up for them courageously. What are these values? - Ultimately, it's Christian values." But that also means that the order in Habsburg tradition is particularly dedicated to the peaceful balance between religions and the intercultural encounter between Christianity, Judaism[25] and Islam.[26][27]
In addition to local meetings, the order has major events such as in Vienna, Budapest, Prague, Zagreb, Ljubljana, Trieste, Milan, London, Frankfurt, Salzburg, and Tyrol. The band "K.u.k. Regimentskapelle IR4" plays at many events of the order.
According to the order's homepage, members are often well-known personalities, but also people such as Ulrich W. Lipp, the long-standing Habsburg imperial advisor, herald and master of ceremonies,[28][29] Otto von Habsburg's political assistant Eva Demmerle[30] or Alexander Pachta-Reyhofen, the Chancellor of the Order of the Golden Fleece.[31]
The admission was and is a special privilege and a great honor. Admission to the order of imperial knights takes place by accolade.[32][33][34]
Notable members
Knights
Source[35]
- Jan Peter Balkenende
- Erhard Busek
- Ján Čarnogurský
- Luis Durnwalder
- Werner Fasslabend
- Massimiliano Fedriga
- Norbert Hofer
- Gjorge Ivanov
- Karlheinz Kopf
- David Mackintosh
- Roberto Maroni
- Siegfried Nagl
- Harald Ofner
- Rosen Plevneliev
- Erwin Pröll
- Josef Pühringer
- Lord Robertson of Port Ellen
- Ľubomír Roman
- Luigi Roth
- Franz Schausberger
- Peter Schmitz
- Zsolt Semjén
- Herwig van Staa
- Lord Steel of Aikwood
- Thomas Stelzer
- Bojan Šober
- Ludvik Toplak
- Lord Watson of Richmond
Dames
Source[36]
- Archduchess Eilika
- Beatrix Karl
- Mária Schmidt
- Ursula Stenzel
- Verica Trstenjak
See also
- Accolade
- Imperial Knight
- Military Order of Maria Theresa
- Military order (religious society)
- Nobility
- Order of chivalry
- Order of Franz Joseph
- Order of Leopold
- Order of the Iron Crown
- Ritter
References
- ^ "Mission of the Order of St. George". georgsorden.at. Retrieved 6 September 2021.
- ^ "St. Georgs-Orden Geschichte". georgsorden.at. Retrieved 18 November 2019.
- ^ For the ability of the Habsburg monarchy to protect and promote the diversity of its peoples and minorities, see: Pieter M. Judson "The Habsburg Empire. A New History" (Harvard University Press 2016).
- ^ For more information on these Habsburg principles, see in particular: Christopher Clark "The Sleepwalkers" (New York 2012).
- ^ Georgs-Orden, St (2019-02-28). "Unser Auftrag". www.georgsorden.at. Retrieved 2020-07-11.
- ^ Unser Auftrag (German: Our mission) - homepage of the order
- ^ "History of the Order of St. George". georgsorden.at. Retrieved 6 September 2021.
- ^ Manfred Hollegger "Maximilian I." (2005), p 150.
- ^ History of the Order of St. George
- ^ Johannes Krejci "Aus der Geschichte des Alten Ordens vom St. Georg.", Wien 2002.
- ^ Richard Bassett "For God and Kaiser: The Imperial Austrian Army, 1619-1918" 2015, p 537.
- ^ Frank Millard "The Palace and the Bunker: Royal Resistance to Hitler" 2011.
- ^ Elisabeth Boeckl-Klamper, Thomas Mang, Wolfgang Neugebauer "Gestapo-Leitstelle Wien 1938–1945." Vienna 2018, p 299–305.
- ^ Hans Schafranek "Widerstand und Verrat: Gestapospitzel im antifaschistischen Untergrund." Vienna 2017, p 161–248.
- ^ Peter Broucek "Die österreichische Identität im Widerstand 1938–1945" (2008), p 163.
- ^ Timothy Snyder "The Red Prince: The Secret Lives of a Habsburg Archduke" (2008); James Longo "Hitler and the Habsburgs: The Fuhrer's Vendetta Against the Austrian Royals" (2018).
- ^ Wolfgang Mueller "Die sowjetische Besatzung in Österreich 1945-1955 und ihre politische Mission" (German - "The Soviet occupation in Austria 1945-1955 and its political mission"), 2005, p 24.
- ^ Otmar Lahodynsky: Paneuropäisches Picknick: Die Generalprobe für den Mauerfall (Pan-European picnic: the dress rehearsal for the fall of the Berlin Wall - German), in: Profil 9 August 2014; Thomas Roser: DDR-Massenflucht: Ein Picknick hebt die Welt aus den Angeln (German - Mass exodus of the GDR: A picnic clears the world) in: Die Presse 16 August 2018.
- ^ Regarding the Habsburg tradition in this regard: Moritz Csaky "Pluralité culturelle et identité: Criteres d´ une auto-reconnaissance transnationale sous la Monarchie des Habsbourg" Les Temps Modernes 48:550 (1992), p 154.
- ^ Paul Miller-Melamed and Claire Morelon "What the Hapsburg Empire Got Right" in New York Times, 10 September 2019.
- ^ Johannes Feichtinger, Gary B. Cohen "Understanding multiculturalism: The Habsburg central European experience" (2014).
- ^ William M. Johnston, "The Political and Cultural Background of Vienna 1900: A Golden Age of Cultural Exchange" (Melbourne 2011).
- ^ Austrian Pilgrim Hospice to the Holy Family in Jerusalem
- ^ Vinzenz Stimpfl-Abele „Ritter heute – ein Anachronismus? (German: Knight today - an anachronism?)" In: Magazin der Union der Europäischen wehrhistorischen Gruppen Nr. 048/2019, p 24.
- ^ The House of Habsburg already vehemently opposed anti-Semitism in the 19th century. For example, Emperor Franz Joseph I said: Anti-Semitism should be exterminated. See in detail: Robert S. Wistrich "Die Juden Wiens im Zeitalter Kaiser Franz Josephs - The Jews of Vienna in the Age of Franz Joseph" (Oxford 1994), p 149.
- ^ As early as 1912 (- through the annexation of Bosnia and Herzegovina under state law in 1908, 600,000 Muslims belonged to the k.u.k. Monarchy) was the guarantee of free and public religious practice of the Muslims regulated in the Habsburg monarchy. Bosnian Muslims got the highest Awards for bravery and loyalty and provided the bodyguard of the emperor. European military pastoral care between Christianity, Islam and secularization - Austrian Armed Forces
- ^ On Habsburg and the diversity of religions: Pieter M. Judson "The Habsburg Empire. A New History" (Harvard 2016).
- ^ "Der Mann, der für Otto Habsburg an der Pforte klopfen wird" In: Die Presse, 15.07.2011.
- ^ Letztes Geleit für letzten Kaiser-Sohn
- ^ Eine europaeische Zukunft im Geiste von Otto von Habsburg
- ^ Homepage of the "St. Georgs-Orden - Ein europäischer Orden des Hauses Habsburg-Lothringen"
- ^ Investitur des St. Georgs-Ordens mit Karl Habsburg
- ^ St. George's Order celebrated in the cathedral A mysterious ceremony caused astonishment. Who are the men who want to live like modern knights? (in German)
- ^ See also: "Norbert Hofers elitärer Ritterorden" In. Die Presse 20.09.2016.
- ^ "Honorary Knights". georgsorden.at. Retrieved 10 September 2021.
- ^ "Honorary Dames in alphabetic order". georgsorden.at. Retrieved 10 September 2021.