Orlando, Florida
Orlando | ||
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The Wheel at ICON Park | ||
City Council Members
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Area UTC−4 (EDT) | ||
ZIP Code | 32801-32812, 32814-32822, 32824-32837, 32839, 32853-32862, 32867-32869, 32872, 32877-32878, 32885-32887, 32891, 32896-32897, 32899 | |
Area codes | 407, 689 | |
FIPS code | 12-53000 | |
GNIS feature ID | 2404443[1] | |
Website | www.orlando.gov |
Orlando (/ɔːrˈlændoʊ/ or-LAN-doh) is a city in, and the county seat of, Orange County, Florida, United States. Part of Central Florida, it is the center of the Orlando metropolitan area, which had a population of 2,509,831 in 2017, according to the U.S. Census Bureau. It is the sixth-largest metropolitan area in the Southern United States and the third-largest metropolitan area in Florida behind Miami and Tampa Bay. Orlando had a city population of 307,573 in the 2020 census, making it the fourth-most populous city in Florida behind Jacksonville, Miami, and Tampa. It is the state's most populous inland city.
Orlando is one of the most-visited cities in the world primarily due to tourism, major events, and convention traffic. It is the third-most visited city in the U.S. after
With the exception of the theme parks, most major cultural sites like the
Like other major cities in the
Etymology
Fort Gatlin, as the Orlando area was once known, was established at what is now just south of the city limits by the
Prior to being known by its current name, Orlando was once known as Jernigan. This name originates from the first European permanent settlers, Issac and Aaron Jernigan, cattlemen who moved from the state of Georgia and acquired land 2 miles (3.2 km) northwest of Fort Gatlin along the west end of Lake Holden in July 1843 by the terms of the Armed Occupation Act.[9][10] Aaron Jernigan became Orange County's first state representative in 1845, but his pleas for additional military protection went unanswered.[11]
Fort Gatlin was briefly reoccupied by the military for a few weeks during October and November 1849, and subsequently a volunteer militia was left to defend the settlement.[10] A historical marker indicates that by 1850, the Jernigan homestead (or Fort Gatlin in some sources)[12] served as the nucleus of a village named Jernigan.[13] According to an account written years later by his daughter, at that time, about 80 settlers were forced to shelter for about a year in "a stockade that Aaron Jernigan built on the north side of Lake Conway". One of the county's first records, a grand jury's report, mentions a stockade where it states homesteaders were "driven from their homes and forced to huddle together in hasty defences [sic]." Aaron Jernigan led a local volunteer militia during 1852.[10]
A post office opened at Jernigan in 1850. Jernigan appears on an 1855 map of Florida, and by 1856, the area had become the
At a meeting in 1857, debate had grown concerning the name of the town. Pioneer William B. Hull recalled how James Speer (a local resident, and prominent figure in the stories behind the naming of Orlando) rose in the heat of the argument and said, "This place is often spoken of as 'Orlando's Grave.' Let's drop the word 'grave' and let the county seat be Orlando."[12][15]
The origin of the name is unknown but at least five stories relate how Orlando got its name. The most common stories are that the name Orlando originated from the tale of a man who died in 1835 during an attack by Native Americans in the area during the
Through a retelling of history, a marker of some sort was believed to have been found by one of the original pioneers, but Speer's family has since claimed that Speer simply used the Orlando Reeves legend to help push his plan for naming the settlement after the Shakespearean character from As You Like It, his favorite play.[12] This has become the most common accepted version of how Orlando got its name.
Orlando Reeves
Historians agree that likely no soldier was named Orlando Reeves.
The legend grew throughout the early 1900s, particularly with local historian Olive Brumbaugh (or Kena Fries
Conflicting legends exist. One legend has Reeves killed during an extended battle with the Seminoles after being field promoted after his platoon commander fell.
A second variation also places the story in 1835 during the Second Seminole War. This name is taken from a
Rees could have left a pine-bough marker with his name next to the trail; later residents misread "Rees" as "Reeves" and also mistook it as a grave maker.[15] In subsequent years, this story has merged with the Orlando Reeves story (which may have originally incorporated part of Dr. Gatlin's story).[12]
On two separate occasions, relatives of Rees claimed their ancestor was the namesake of the city. F. K. Bull of South Carolina (Rees' great-grandson) told an Orlando reporter of a story in 1955; years later, Charles M. Bull Jr., of Orlando (Rees' great-great-grandson) offered local historians similar information.[15] Unlike Orlando Reeves, who cannot be traced to any historical record, the record is considerable that Orlando Rees did exist and was in Florida during that time. For example, in 1832, John James Audubon met with Rees in his large estate at Spring Garden, about 45 minutes from Orlando.[15]
Orlando (As You Like It)
The final variation has the city named after the protagonist in the Shakespeare play As You Like It.[12]
In 1975, Judge Donald A. Cheney put forth a new version of the story in an Orlando Sentinel article.[15] Cheney (a local historian and then chairman of the county historical commission[20]) recounted a story told to him by his father, Judge John Moses Cheney (a major figure in Orlando's history, who arrived in Orlando in 1885).
The elder Cheney recounted that another gentleman at that time, James Speer, proposed the name Orlando after the character in As You Like It.[12] According to Cheney, Speer, "was a gentleman of culture and an admirer of William Shakespeare ..."[15] Quoting a letter that Speer wrote, "Orlando was a veritable Forest of Arden, the locale of As You Like It."[21] Speer's descendants have also confirmed this version of the naming and the legend has continued to grow.[15]
This account also has some validity in that, as mentioned above, Speer was instrumental in changing the name of the settlement from Jernigan to Orlando, though he may have used the Orlando Reeves legend in lieu of his true intent to use the Shakespearean character. According to yet another version of the story, Orlando may have been the name of one of his employees.[12][16] One of downtown Orlando's major streets is named Rosalind Avenue; Rosalind is the heroine of As You Like It, but this could also be a coincidence.
History
Settlement
In 1823, the Treaty of Moultrie Creek created a Seminole reservation encompassing much of central Florida, including the area that would become Orlando. The Indian Removal Act of 1830 authorized relocation of the Seminole from Florida to Oklahoma, leading to the Second Seminole War. In 1842, white settlement in the area was encouraged by the Armed Occupation Act. The first settler, Mr. Aaron Jernigan of Camden County, Georgia, arrived the following year and settled near Lake Holden.
The period from 1875 to 1895 is remembered as Orlando's Golden Era, when it became the hub of Florida's citrus industry. The period ended with the Great Freeze of 1894–95, which forced many owners to give up their independent citrus groves, thus consolidating holdings in the hands of a few "citrus barons", who shifted operations south, primarily around Lake Wales in Polk County.[16] The freeze caused many in Florida, including many Orlandoans, to move elsewhere, mostly to the North, California, or the Caribbean.
Notable homesteaders in the area included the Curry family. Through their property in east Orlando flowed the Econlockhatchee River, which travelers crossed by fording. This was commemorated by the street's name, Curry Ford Road. Also, just south of the Orlando International Airport in the Boggy Creek area are 150 acres (0.61 km2) of property homesteaded in the late 19th century by the Ward family. This property is still owned by the Ward family, and can be seen from southbound flights out of Orlando International Airport immediately on the south side of SR 417.
Post-Industrial Revolution
Orlando became a popular resort during the years between the
During
In 1968, Orlando AFB was transferred to the
Tourism in history
Perhaps the most critical event for Orlando's economy occurred in 1965 when
Another major factor in Orlando's growth occurred in 1962, when the new Orlando Jetport, the precursor of the present-day Orlando International Airport, was built from a portion of the McCoy Air Force Base. By 1970, four major airlines (
21st century
Today, the historic core of "Old Orlando" resides in downtown Orlando along Church Street, between Orange Avenue and Garland Avenue. The urban development and the central business district of downtown have rapidly shaped the downtown skyline during recent history. The present-day
2016 mass shooting
On June 12, 2016, more than 100 people were shot at
Geography and cityscape
The geography of Orlando is mostly
There are 115 neighborhoods within the city limits and many unincorporated communities. Orlando's city limits resemble a checkerboard, with pockets of unincorporated Orange County surrounded by city limits. Such an arrangement results in some areas being served by both Orange County and the City of Orlando. This also explains Orlando's relatively low city population when compared to its metropolitan population. The city and county are working together in an effort to "round-out" the city limits with Orlando annexing portions of land already bordering the city limits.[28][failed verification]
Skyscrapers
Metro Orlando has a total of 19 completed skyscrapers. The majority are located in downtown Orlando and the rest are located in the tourist district southwest of downtown.
Downtown Orlando
- SunTrust Center it's the tallest skyscraper in Greater Orlando[31]
- The Vue at Lake Eola, 2008, 426 ft (130 m)
- Orange County Courthouse, 1997, 416 ft (127 m)
- Bank of America Center, 1988, 409 ft (125 m)
- 55 West on the Esplanade, 2009, 377 ft (115 m)
- Solaire at the Plaza, 2006, 359 ft (109 m)
- Church Street Plaza Tower 1, 2019, 315 ft (96 m)
- Dynetech Center, 2009, 357 ft (109 m)
- Regions Bank Tower, 1986, 292 ft (89 m)
- Premiere Trade Plaza Office Tower II 2006, 277 ft (84 m)
- Citrus Center, 1971, 281 ft (85 m)
- Citi Tower, 2017, 275 ft (83 m)
- SkyHouse Orlando, 2013, 262 ft (80 m)
- Modera Central, 2018, 260 ft (76 m)
- The Waverly on Lake Eola, 2001, 280 ft (85 m)
Outside downtown Orlando
- Hyatt Regency Orlando, 2010, 428 ft (130 m)
- SeaWorld SkyTower, 400 ft (122 m)
- The Wheel at ICON Park, 2015, 400 ft (122 m)
- Orlando International Airport's ATC tower, 2002, 346 ft (105 m)
- StarFlyer Orlando on International Drive, 2018, 450 ft (137 m)
Climate
According to the Köppen climate classification, Orlando has a humid subtropical climate (Cfa/Cwa) like much of the deep Southern United States. The two basic seasons in Orlando are a hot and rainy season, lasting from May until late October (roughly coinciding with the Atlantic hurricane season), and a warm and dry season from November through April.[32] The area's warm and humid climate is caused primarily by its low elevation, its position relatively close to the Tropic of Cancer, and its location in the center of a peninsula. Many characteristics of its climate are a result of its proximity to the Gulf Stream, which flows around the peninsula of Florida.
During the height of Orlando's humid summer season, high temperatures are typically in the low 90s °F (32–34 °C), while low temperatures rarely fall below the low 70s °F (22–24 °C). The average window for 90 °F (32 °C) temperatures is April 9 to October 14. The area's humidity acts as a buffer, usually preventing actual temperatures from exceeding 100 °F (38 °C), but also pushing the heat index to over 110 °F (43 °C). The city's highest recorded temperature is 103 °F (39 °C), set on September 8, 1921. During these months, strong afternoon thunderstorms occur almost daily. These storms are caused by air masses from the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean colliding over Central Florida. They are highlighted by spectacular lightning and can also bring heavy rain (sometimes several inches per hour) and powerful winds as well as rare damaging hail.[33]
During the winter, humidity is much lower and temperatures are more moderate, and can fluctuate more readily. The monthly daily average temperature in January is 60.6 °F (15.9 °C). Temperatures dip below the freezing mark on an average of only 1.6 nights per year and the lowest recorded temperature is 18 °F (−8 °C), set on December 28, 1894. The annual mean minimum is just above 30 °F (−1 °C) putting Orlando in hardiness zone 10a. Because the winter season is dry and freezing temperatures usually occur only after cold fronts (and their accompanying precipitation) have passed, snow is exceptionally rare. The only accumulation ever to occur in the city proper since record keeping began was in 1948, although some accumulation occurred in surrounding areas in a snow event in January 1977 that reached Miami. Flurries have also been observed in 1989, 2006,[34] and 2010.[35]
The average annual rainfall in Orlando is 51.45 inches (1,307 mm), a majority of which occurs in the period from June to September. October through May are Orlando's dry season. During this period (especially in its later months), often a
Orlando is a major population center and has a considerable
Tornadoes are not usually connected with the strong thunderstorms of the humid summer. They are more common during the infrequent cold days of winter, as well as in passing hurricanes. The two worst major outbreaks in the area's history, a 1998 outbreak that killed 42 people and a 2007 outbreak that killed 21, both happened in February.
Climate data for Orlando (Orlando International Airport), Florida (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1892–present) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °F (°C) | 88 (31) |
90 (32) |
97 (36) |
99 (37) |
102 (39) |
101 (38) |
101 (38) |
101 (38) |
103 (39) |
98 (37) |
93 (34) |
91 (33) |
103 (39) |
Mean maximum °F (°C) | 83.5 (28.6) |
85.5 (29.7) |
88.4 (31.3) |
91.1 (32.8) |
94.5 (34.7) |
96.1 (35.6) |
96.1 (35.6) |
95.4 (35.2) |
93.8 (34.3) |
91.0 (32.8) |
86.7 (30.4) |
83.7 (28.7) |
97.2 (36.2) |
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 71.8 (22.1) |
74.9 (23.8) |
78.9 (26.1) |
83.6 (28.7) |
88.4 (31.3) |
90.8 (32.7) |
92.0 (33.3) |
91.6 (33.1) |
89.6 (32.0) |
84.7 (29.3) |
78.3 (25.7) |
73.8 (23.2) |
83.2 (28.4) |
Daily mean °F (°C) | 60.6 (15.9) |
63.6 (17.6) |
67.3 (19.6) |
72.2 (22.3) |
77.3 (25.2) |
81.2 (27.3) |
82.6 (28.1) |
82.6 (28.1) |
81.0 (27.2) |
75.5 (24.2) |
68.2 (20.1) |
63.3 (17.4) |
73.0 (22.7) |
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 49.5 (9.7) |
52.4 (11.3) |
55.8 (13.2) |
60.7 (15.9) |
66.3 (19.1) |
71.6 (22.0) |
73.2 (22.9) |
73.7 (23.2) |
72.4 (22.4) |
66.2 (19.0) |
58.2 (14.6) |
52.9 (11.6) |
62.7 (17.1) |
Mean minimum °F (°C) | 33.2 (0.7) |
36.5 (2.5) |
41.3 (5.2) |
49.2 (9.6) |
58.2 (14.6) |
67.5 (19.7) |
70.5 (21.4) |
70.7 (21.5) |
67.8 (19.9) |
53.4 (11.9) |
44.4 (6.9) |
37.6 (3.1) |
31.3 (−0.4) |
Record low °F (°C) | 19 (−7) |
19 (−7) |
25 (−4) |
37 (3) |
47 (8) |
53 (12) |
64 (18) |
63 (17) |
50 (10) |
38 (3) |
28 (−2) |
18 (−8) |
18 (−8) |
Average precipitation inches (mm) | 2.48 (63) |
2.04 (52) |
3.03 (77) |
2.58 (66) |
4.02 (102) |
8.05 (204) |
7.46 (189) |
7.69 (195) |
6.37 (162) |
3.46 (88) |
1.79 (45) |
2.48 (63) |
51.45 (1,307) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) | 7.0 | 6.4 | 6.8 | 6.3 | 8.4 | 16.2 | 17.1 | 17.2 | 14.2 | 8.4 | 6.0 | 7.1 | 121.1 |
Source: NOAA[38][39] |
Neighborhoods and suburbs
- Downtown Orlando
- Winter Park, Florida
- Celebration, Florida
- Pine Hills, Florida
- Windermere, Florida
- Dr. Phillips, Florida
- Hunter's Creek, Florida
- Lake Nona
- Parramore
- Williamsburg, Florida
- Lake Buena Vista, Florida
- Bay Lake, Florida
- Winter Garden, Florida
- Four Corners, Florida
- Altamonte Springs, Florida
- Meadow Woods, Florida
- Debary, Florida
- MetroWest
- College Park
- Baldwin Park
- Wedgefield
- Avalon
Demographics
Year | Pop. | ±% |
---|---|---|
1890 | 2,856 | — |
1900 | 2,481 | −13.1% |
1910 | 3,894 | +57.0% |
1920 | 9,282 | +138.4% |
1930 | 27,330 | +194.4% |
1940 | 36,736 | +34.4% |
1950 | 52,367 | +42.5% |
1960 | 88,135 | +68.3% |
1970 | 99,006 | +12.3% |
1980 | 128,251 | +29.5% |
1990 | 164,693 | +28.4% |
2000 | 185,951 | +12.9% |
2010 | 238,300 | +28.2% |
2020 | 307,573 | +29.1% |
2022 | 316,081 | +2.8% |
Population 1890–2010[40][41] 2018 Estimate[42][43] Source: U.S. Decennial Census[44] |
2020 census
Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic) | Pop 2000[45] | Pop 2010[46] | Pop 2020[47] | % 2000 | % 2010 | % 2020 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
White (NH)
|
94,452 | 98,533 | 103,010 | 50.79% | 41.35% | 33.49% |
Black or African American (NH)
|
48,547 | 63,584 | 70,183 | 26.11% | 26.68% | 22.81% |
Alaska Native (NH)
|
485 | 483 | 446 | 0.26% | 0.20% | 0.15% |
Asian (NH) | 4,915 | 8,756 | 12,984 | 2.64% | 3.67% | 4.22% |
Native Hawaiian (NH)
|
127 | 130 | 177 | 0.07% | 0.06% | 0.06% |
Some other race (NH)
|
634 | 1,688 | 3,908 | 0.34% | 0.71% | 1.27% |
Two or more races/Multiracial (NH) | 4,281 | 4,643 | 15,804 | 2.30% | 1.95% | 5.14% |
Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 32,510 | 60,483 | 101,061 | 17.48% | 25.38% | 32.86% |
Total | 185,951 | 238,300 | 307,573 | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% |
As of the 2020 United States census, there were 307,573 people, 113,238 households, and 61,667 families residing in the city.[48]
As of the 2010 United States census, there were 238,300 people, 97,661 households, and 51,716 families residing in the city.[49]
In 2014, the city's population was spread out, with 12.0% under the age of 18, 5.7% from 18 to 24, 27.3% from 25 to 44, 18.6% from 45 to 64, and 36.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.3 males.[50]
Orlando not only has the largest population of
A large
Orlando has a large
According to the National Immigration Forum, the majority of Orlando's foreign-born population are from Latin America (64.1%): Mexico (35,357), Colombia (30,967), Haiti (29,464); Asia (17.3%): Philippines (13,267), India (12,610), Vietnam (11,407); Europe (12.4%): United Kingdom (14,395), Germany (8,358), Italy (3,302) and Africa (3.0%): Morocco (2,846), Egypt (1,306), South Africa (1,295).[62]
Languages
As of 2000, 75% of all residents speak English as their
According to the American Community Survey of 2006–2008, 69% of Orlando's residents over the age of five spoke only English at home. Spanish-speakers represented 19.2% of Orlando's population. Speakers of other Indo-European languages made up 9% of the city's population. Those who spoke an Asian language made up 1% of the population, and speakers of other languages made up the remaining 0.6% of the populace.[64]
Metropolitan statistical area
Orlando is the hub city of the Orlando–Kissimmee–Sanford, Florida Metropolitan Statistical Area, colloquially known as "Greater Orlando" or "Metro Orlando". The area encompasses four counties (Lake, Orange, Osceola, and Seminole). As of 2020, the population of the metropolitan statistical area (MSA) was 2,673,376, making it the third largest in Florida and the 22nd-largest metro area in the United States.
When
Economy
Industry
Orlando is a major industrial and
Orlando has the 7th-largest research park in the country, Central Florida Research Park, with over 1,025 acres (4.15 km2). It is home to over 120 companies, employs more than 8,500 people, and is the hub of the nation's military simulation and training programs. Near the end of each year, the Orange County Convention Center hosts the world's largest modeling and simulation conference: Interservice/Industry Training, Simulation and Education Conference (I/ITSEC). Metro Orlando is home to the simulation procurement commands for the U.S. Army, Navy, Air Force, Marines and Coast Guard.
Orlando is close enough to Patrick Space Force Base, Cape Canaveral Space Force Station, and Kennedy Space Center for residents to commute to work from the city's suburbs. It also allows easy access to Port Canaveral, a cruise ship terminal.
Orlando is the home base of Darden Restaurants, the parent company of Olive Garden and LongHorn Steakhouse, and the largest operator of casual dining restaurants in the world by revenue. In September 2009 it moved to a new headquarters and central distribution facility.[66]
Former Darden Restaurants subsidiary Red Lobster is based in Downtown Orlando.
Film, television, and entertainment
Another important sector is the film, television, and electronic gaming industries, aided by the presence of
Healthcare
Orlando has two non-profit hospital systems:
Housing and employment
Historically, the unemployment rate in Greater Orlando was low, which resulted in growth that led to
Tourism
The Orlando area features 7 of the 10 most visited
The convention industry is also critical to the region's economy. The
Golf
Numerous golf courses can be found in the city, with the most famous[75] being Bay Hill Club and Lodge, home to the Arnold Palmer Invitational.
Culture
Film
In the mid-to-late 1990s, Orlando was known as "Hollywood East" because of numerous film production studios in the area, although such activity has slowed down considerably into the 2000s. Perhaps the most famous film-making moment in the city's history occurred with the implosion of Orlando's previous City Hall for the movie
The
Theater and performing arts
The Orlando Metropolitan Area is home to a substantial theater population. Several professional and semi-professional houses and many community theaters include the Central Florida Ballet, Orlando Ballet, Orlando Shakespeare Theater, Orlando Repertory Theatre, and IceHouse Theatre in Mount Dora. Orlando Theatre Project, closed in 2009. Additionally, both University of Central Florida and Rollins College (Winter Park) are home to theater departments that attract an influx of young artists to the area.
The
The Orlando International Fringe Theater Festival, which draws touring companies from around the world, is hosted in various venues over Orlando's Loch Haven Park every spring. At the festival, there are also readings and fully staged productions of new and unknown plays by local artists.[81] Also in the spring, there is The Harriett Lake Festival of New Plays, hosted by Orlando Shakespeare Theater.[82] Founded in 2002, the Orlando Cabaret Festival showcases local, national, and internationally renowned cabaret artist to Mad Cow Theatre in Downtown Orlando each spring.[83]
Classical Music and Music Theater are also represented. Orlando has two professional orchestras – the Orlando Symphony Orchestra, which was founded in 1991 when the Central Florida Friends of Music reorganized, and the Orlando Philharmonic Orchestra, founded in 1993, the second of which also serves as the orchestra for productions of Opera Orlando, which developed when the Florida Opera Theater, founded in 2009, reorganized in 2016.
Literary arts
The indie literary presses Burrow Press and Autofocus are based in Orlando. There is also a large concentration of slam poets and poetry events in and around the metro area which has led to the city being dubbed Litlando. This name is fitting as legend goes that the city's name and Rosalind Avenue in downtown Orlando were taken from characters from the Shakespeare play "As You Like It" while Lake Ivanhoe was named after the namesake character from the 1820 book, Ivanhoe, by Walter Scott.
Music and local culture
Orlando is home to numerous recording studios and producers, and as a result, contributed heavily to the
A substantial amount of the teenage and young adult populations identify as being
Sprawling
Gaming YouTuber Dream is based in Orlando. He has accumulated 40 million combined subscribers and signed a recording deal with Republic Records in 2023.[91]
Shopping malls
- The Mall at Millenia is a contemporary two-level upscale shopping mall, including the department stores of Bloomingdale's, Macy's, and Neiman Marcus. The mall covers an area of 1.118 million ft2 (103,866 m2). IKEA Orlando opened adjacent to the mall on November 14, 2007.
- Orlando Fashion Square is located on East Colonial Drive, near Downtown Orlando. Seritage Growth Properties (NYSE: SRG) is planning a late-summer 2017 completion of a major renovation that will welcome new shops and restaurants to the East Colonial Drive area.
- Orlando International Premium Outlets is an outdoor outlet mall with over 180 stores.
Lifestyle centers
- Universal CityWalk is an entertainment and retail district located at the entrance of Universal Studios Florida. CityWalk originally began as an expansion at Universal's first park in Universal Studios Hollywood. CityWalk Orlando opened in February 1999 as one major component of the expansion that transformed Universal Studios Florida into the renowned resort it is today.
In popular culture
The films
Sports
Club | Sport | League | Venue | Average attendance | Founded | Titles |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Orlando Magic | Basketball | NBA | Kia Center | 16,785 | 1989 | 0 |
Orlando City SC | Soccer | MLS | Exploria Stadium
|
20,404[96] | 2015 | 1 |
Orlando Predators
|
Arena football | NAL | Kia Center | — | 2019 | 0 |
Orlando Solar Bears[97]
|
Ice hockey | ECHL | Kia Center | 6,209 | 2012 | 0 |
Orlando Anarchy | Women's football | WFA | Trinity Preparatory School | — | 2010 | 1 |
Orlando Pride | Women's soccer | NWSL | Exploria Stadium
|
4,837 | 2016 | 0 |
Orlando is the home city of two major league professional sports teams: the Orlando Magic of the National Basketball Association (NBA), and Orlando City SC of Major League Soccer (MLS).
Orlando has three minor league professional teams: the
The original Orlando Solar Bears were part of the International Hockey League winning the last Turner Cup championship in 2001, before the league folded. From 1991 to 2016, the city was also home to the Orlando Predators of the Arena Football League. Orlando was home to the Orlando Renegades of the United States Football League in 1985. The team folded along with the league in 1986.[98]
In 2016, the
Orlando's sports teams have collectively won two
The city has hosted the
Orlando also hosts the University of Central Florida (UCF) Knights college athletics teams, which compete in Division I of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) as a member of the Big 12 Conference (Big 12 Conference).
Orlando is home to many notable athletes former and present, including baseball players Carlos Peña, Frank Viola, Ken Griffey Jr. and Barry Larkin; basketball players Shaquille O'Neal and Tracy McGrady; soccer players Alex Morgan, Marta, Nani and Kaká; and many golfers, including Tiger Woods, Mark O'Meara and Arnold Palmer.[citation needed]
The annual Community Effort Orlando (CEO) is the second-biggest fighting game tournament of the country. Having grown since its introduction in 2010, the event got over 4,000 attendees from more than 25 countries in 2016.[99][100]
In 2020, the remaining games of the 2019–20 NBA season were arranged to be played in the NBA Bubble at the ESPN Wide World of Sports Complex in Orlando suburb Bay Lake, Florida.[101]
Government and politics
Orlando | |
---|---|
Crime rates* (2014) | |
Violent crimes | |
Larceny-theft | 12,182 |
Motor vehicle theft | 991 |
Arson | 55 |
Total property crime | 16,515 |
Notes *Number of reported crimes per 100,000 population. 2014 population: 259,675 Source: 2014 FBI UCR Data |
Municipal government
Orlando is governed via the
City Council:
District | Name | Party (officially nonpartisan) |
---|---|---|
1 | Jim Gray | Republican[103]
|
2 | Tony Ortiz | Republican[103]
|
3 | Robert Stuart | Democratic[103]
|
4 | Patty Sheehan | Democratic[103]
|
5 | Regina Hill | Democratic[103]
|
6 | Bakari F. Burns | Democratic[104]
|
Police brutality lawsuit settlements
In April 2015 it was reported that 56 year old June Walker Scott had filed a $4.5 million federal lawsuit against the City of Orlando and certain officers. According to the suit, the city has paid $3.3 million since 2012 to people who have accused officers of excessive force.[105]
Politics
From the mid-20th century to the early 21st century, Orlando was one of the most politically conservative cities in the United States, having voted for the Republican candidate in every presidential election from 1948 to 2004. This streak was broken when Barack Obama won it in 2008, becoming the first Democrat to carry the city in a presidential election since Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1944. It has since become a Democratic stronghold in statewide and local elections.
Education
Public primary and secondary education is handled by
Area institutions of higher education
State universities
- University of Central Florida
- Florida A&M University College of Law
- Florida State University College of Medicine
State colleges
- Valencia College
- Seminole State College of Florida (Sanford, Oviedo, & Altamonte Springs)
Private universities, colleges, and others
- Adventist University of Health Sciences, Main Campus
- Ana G. Méndez University System
- Anthem College, Orlando Campus
- Asbury Theological Seminary, Orlando Campus
- Belhaven University, Orlando Campus
- Columbia College, Orlando Campus
- Connecticut School of Broadcasting, Orlando Campus
- DeVry University, Orlando campus
- Dwayne O. Andreas School of Law, Barry University
- Everest University, Orlando campus
- Florida Institute of Technology, Orlando campus
- Full Sail University (in Winter Park)
- Herzing College(in Winter Park)
- Hindu University of America
- International Academy of Design & Technology-Orlando
- ITT Technical Institute, Lake Mary Campus
- Keiser University, Orlando Campus
- Le Cordon Bleu College of Culinary Arts, Orlando Campus closed in 2015
- McBurney College (Orlando Campus)
- Nova Southeastern University, Orlando campus
- Palm Beach Atlantic University, Orlando Campus
- Polytechnic University of Puerto Rico, Orlando Campus
- Reformed Theological Seminary, Orlando campus
- Remington College of Nursing (in Lake Mary)
- Rollins College (in Winter Park)
- Southern Technical College
- Strayer University, Orlando campus
- University of Florida College of Pharmacy (in Apopka)
Supplementary schools
The
Media
Television
Orlando is the center of the 19th-largest media market in the United States according to Nielsen Media Research as of the 2010–2011 TV season.[107] Three major network affiliates operate in the city: WKMG-TV 6 (CBS), WFTV 9 (ABC) and Fox O&O WOFL 35. WFTV and WOFL operate additional stations in Orlando, with WFTV operating independent station WRDQ 27 and WOFL operating MyNetworkTV O&O WRBW 65. The market's NBC affiliate, WESH 2, is licensed to Daytona Beach and also owns and operates CW affiliate WKCF 18, licensed to Clermont; both stations operate out of studios based in nearby Eatonville.
The city is also served by three public television stations: WUCF-TV 24, the market's PBS member station operated by the University of Central Florida, and two independent stations: Daytona State College's WDSC-TV 15 in New Smyrna Beach and Eastern Florida State College's WEFS 68 in Cocoa.
Four Spanish-language channels are licensed in Orlando, including
The city's cable system is run by
Orlando is also home to NBC Sports' Golf Channel cable television network. Facilities, including studios and administration, are located at 7580 Golf Channel Drive, just blocks from the I-Drive tourism corridor.
Radio
25
Newspapers
Orlando's primary newspaper, the Orlando Sentinel, is the second-largest newspaper in Florida by circulation. The Sentinel's Spanish language edition, El Sentinel, is the largest Spanish language newspaper in Florida.[108]
The city is also served by the following newspapers:
- Orlando Business Journal
- Orlando Weekly
- Bungalower
- The Community Paper
Transportation
Orlando uses the Lynx bus system as well as a downtown bus service called Lymmo. Orlando and other neighboring communities are also serviced by SunRail, a local commuter rail line that began service in 2014.
Airports
- Latam, and Virgin Atlantic.
- Orlando Sanford International Airport (SFB) in nearby suburb of Sanford, Florida serves as a secondary airport for the region and is a focus city airport for Allegiant Air.
- Orlando Executive Airport (ORL) near Downtown Orlando serves primarily executive jets, flight training schools, and general small-aircraft aviation.
Roads
Orlando, like other major cities, experiences gridlock and traffic jams daily, especially when commuting from the northern suburbs in
Major highways
- Daytona Beach. As a key connector to Orlando's suburbs, downtown, area attractions, and both coasts, I-4 commonly experiences heavy traffic and congestion. I-4 is also known as State Road 400.
- East-West Expressway (Toll 408) is a major east–west highway managed by the Central Florida Expressway Authority. The highway intersects with I-4 in Downtown Orlando, providing a key artery for residents commuting from eastern and western suburbs including the University of Central Florida and Waterford Lakes area. The highway also intersects with the Central Florida Greeneway (Toll 417) and Florida's Turnpike. By late 2006, the I-4/408 interchange had almost completed undergoing a major overhaul that creates multiple fly-over bridges and connectors to ease heavy traffic. The agency recently[when?] finished construction of lane expansions, new toll plazas, and sound barriers along the roadway, though much work remains to be done.
- Cocoa Beachand Cape Canaveral.
- Central Florida Greeneway (Toll 417) is a key highway for East Orlando, the highway is also managed by the Central Florida Expressway Authority and serves as Orlando's eastern beltway. The highway intersects with the East-West Expressway (Toll 408), the Beachline Expressway (Toll 528), and begins and ends on Interstate 4.
- Daniel Webster Western Beltway (Toll 429) serves as Orlando's western beltway. It is managed jointly by the Florida Turnpike and the Central Florida Expressway Authority. The highway serves as a "back entrance" to Walt Disney World from Orlando's northwestern suburbs including Apopka via Florida's Turnpike.
- John Land Apopka Expressway (Toll 414) A new east to west tollway serving northern Orlando. Phase I opened on February 14, 2009, and extends from US 441 to State Road 429. Phase II opened on January 19, 2013, and links SR 429 to US 441 several miles west of the former SR 429 (now renamed State Road 451) intersection.
- Florida's Turnpike (Toll 91) is a major highway that connects northern Florida with Orlando and terminates in Miami.
Rail
The Orlando area is served by one through railroad. The line, now known as the Central Florida Rail Corridor (CFRC), was previously known as the "A" line (formerly the Atlantic Coast Line Railroad's main line). The line was purchased from CSX Transportation by the State of Florida in 2013 and is now used by SunRail, the Central Florida commuter rail system. Some freight spurs still exist off of the line, which are operated by the Florida Central Railroad. Amtrak passenger service runs along CFRC. See also a map of these railroads.
Historically, Orlando's other major railroad stations have included:
- Atlantic Coast Line Railroad Orlando station (now Church Street Station, a commercial development)
- Seaboard Air Line Railroad Orlando station (Central Avenue Station; 1898–1955).
Commuter rail
This section needs to be updated.(January 2023) |
In 2005, federal and state funding was granted for the establishment of SunRail, a local commuter rail service, to operate on the former CSX "A" line tracks between DeLand and Poinciana, passing through the downtown area and surrounding urban neighborhoods along the way. The service is expected to substantially reduce traffic congestion along the I-4 corridor, especially between Downtown Orlando and the suburban communities in Seminole and Volusia Counties. Federal and state funds covered approximately 80% of the estimated $400 million cost for track modifications and construction of stations along the route. The counties involved approved local matching funds in 2007 and the line was originally projected to begin operations in 2011.[111] However, the project was ultimately voted down by Florida State Senate in 2008 and again in 2009 due to an amendment that would have approved a $200 million insurance policy for the system. Although there had been growing concern the system would be scrapped, a deadline extension combined with a new insurance arrangement with CSX brought new hope that SunRail will be completed after all.[112] In a special session in December 2009, the Florida Legislature approved commuter rail for Florida, which also enabled high-speed rail federal funding. SunRail began passenger service on May 1, 2014. Phase I of the rail system runs from DeBary to Sand Lake Road in South Orlando. Phase II, connects DeBary and continues north to DeLand, as well as extending from Sand Lake Road in Orlando south to Poinciana. Attempts to establish a smaller light rail service for the Orlando area were also considered at one time,[when?] but were also met with much resistance.
Inter-city rail
A privately funded initiative known as All Aboard Florida, which would provide inter-city rail service from Miami to Orlando, was announced in March 2012.[113] Now known as Brightline, the train currently runs from Downtown Miami to the Orlando International Airport Intermodal Terminal. The Orlando extension includes 40 miles (64 km) of new railway track and top speeds reach 125 mph (201 km/h), becoming one of the fastest rail services in the United States.[114] Service to Orlando began on September 22, 2023.[115] Future plans are underway to add a station near Disney Springs.[116]
Bus
Lynx provides local transit service covering a five-county area: Orange, Seminole, Osceola, Polk, and Volusia.[117][118] Lynx bus frequency varies depending on the route and time of day.
Greyhound Lines offers intercity bus service from Orlando to multiple locations across the country. The Orlando Greyhound Station is located west of Downtown Orlando.
Having a very well-developed tourism industry and millions of visitors per year the City of Orlando has multiple options for groups arriving and touring the city and surrounding areas by local charter bus companies.
Taxi
Orlando is served by a collection of independently owned taxi companies. In downtown Orlando, taxis can be hailed on a regular basis. Taxis are also available in and around the Amway Center, Orlando Convention Center, and all major attractions/theme parks. Orlando also has service from car-sharing companies like Uber and Lyft, which offer service at all airports.
Airport shuttles
Transportation between the Orlando International Airport and various locations in and around Orlando is provided by airport shuttle services. Several shuttles operate 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.
International relations
Sister cities
Orlando's sister cities are:[119]
- Curitiba, Brazil
- Guilin, China
- Monterrey, Mexico
- Seine-et-Marne, France
- Tainan, Taiwan
- Urayasu, Japan
- Valladolid, Spain
Foreign consulates
Given Orlando's status as a busy international tourist destination and growing industrial and commercial base, there are several foreign consulates and honorary consulates in Orlando including (as of April 2023): Austria, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Haiti, Iceland (Honorary), Italy (Honorary), Japan, Mexico, the Netherlands, and Switzerland (Honorary).[120] In 1999, Orlando had the second-highest number of foreign consulates in Florida next to Miami.[121]
See also
Notes
- ^ Distance measured from Orlando City Hall to nearest Atlantic coastline, near Oak Hill, Brevard County, and nearest Gulf coastline, near, Pine Island, Hernando County, using Google Earth's Ruler tool.
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Bibliography
External links
- Official website
- Orlando, Florida at Curlie