Orne

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Orne
Department
Prefecture building of the Orne department, in Alençon
Communes		385
^1 French Land Register data, which exclude estuaries, and lakes, ponds, and glaciers larger than 1 km2

Orne (French pronunciation: [ɔʁn] ^ⓘ; Norman: Ôrne or Orne) is a département in the northwest of France, named after the river Orne. It had a population of 279,942 in 2019.^[3]

History

Orne is one of the original 83 départements created during the

.

Geography

Orne is in the region of Normandy neighbouring Eure, Eure-et-Loir, Sarthe, Manche, Mayenne, and Calvados. It is the only department of Normandy not to border the English Channel.

Economy

The largest town by a considerable margin is the prefecture, Alençon, which is an administrative and commercial centre for what is still an overwhelmingly rural department. There are no large industrial centres, and agriculture remains the economic focus.

Demographics

Historical population

Year Pop. ±% p.a. 1801 395,738 —     1806 424,669 +1.42% 1821 422,884 −0.03% 1831 441,881 +0.44% 1841 442,072 +0.00% 1851 439,884 −0.05% 1861 423,350 −0.38% 1872 398,250 −0.55% 1881 376,126 −0.63% 1891 354,387 −0.59% 1901 326,952 −0.80% 1911 307,433 −0.61% 1921 274,814 −1.12%	Year Pop. ±% p.a. 1931 273,717 −0.04% 1936 269,331 −0.32% 1946 273,181 +0.14% 1954 274,862 +0.08% 1962 280,549 +0.26% 1968 288,524 +0.47% 1975 293,523 +0.25% 1982 295,472 +0.09% 1990 293,204 −0.10% 1999 292,337 −0.03% 2006 292,874 +0.03% 2011 290,891 −0.14% 2016 285,308 −0.39%
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org.
Sources:[4][5]

The inhabitants of the department are called Ornais.

The recorded population level peaked at 443,688 in 1836. Declining farm incomes and the lure of better prospects in the

led to a sustained reduction in population levels in many rural departments. By the time of the 1936 census, the recorded population stood at just 269,331. Once motor car ownership started to surge in the 1960s, employment opportunities became less restricted and by 1982, the population level had recovered a little to 295,000, after which it slowly decreased.

Principal towns

The most populous commune is Alençon, the prefecture. As of 2019, there are 5 communes with more than 5,000 inhabitants:^[3]

Commune	Population (2019)
Alençon	25,870
Flers	14,762
Argentan	13,395
L'Aigle	7,961
La Ferté Macé	5,186

Politics

The president of the Departmental Council is Christophe de Balorre, elected in 2017.

Presidential elections 2nd round

Election		Winning Candidate	Party	%	2nd Place Candidate	Party	%
	2022[6]	Emmanuel Macron	LREM	55.12	Marine Le Pen	RN	44.88
	2017	Emmanuel Macron	LREM	61.64	Marine Le Pen	FN	38.36
	2012	Nicolas Sarkozy	UMP	52.89	François Hollande	PS	47.11
	2007	Nicolas Sarkozy	UMP	57.66	Ségolène Royal	PS	42.34
	2002[7]	Jacques Chirac	RPR	81.30	Jean-Marie Le Pen	FN	18.70

Current National Assembly Representatives

Constituency		Member[8]	Party
	Orne's 1st constituency	Joaquim Pueyo	Socialist Party
	Orne's 2nd constituency	Véronique Louwagie	The Republicans
	Orne's 3rd constituency	Jérôme Nury	The Republicans

Culture

is the chief town of the Orne department.

is made, is located in Orne.

The local dialect is known as Augeron.

Tourism

• 
  Château de Carrouges
• 
  Château de Domfront
• 
  Abbey of Saint-Evroult-Notre-Dame-du-Bois
• 
  Juvigny-sous-Andaine
• 
  Camembert
• 
  Haras national du Pin
• 
  Saint-Sauveur de Bellême Church
• 
  Suisse Normande
• 
  Sées Cathedral

See also

• Cantons of the Orne department
• Communes of the Orne department
• Arrondissements of the Orne department
• Haras National du Pin, a French stud farm

References

External links

• (in French) Prefecture website
• (in French) Departmental Council website
• (in English) Orne at
  Curlie
• (in English) Orne Tourism
• (in English) AWOL in the Orne, in 1918 Life in the Orne, WW1 with images