Orography
Orography is the study of the
Uses
Mountain ranges and elevated land masses have a major impact on global climate. For instance, the elevated areas of East Africa substantially determine the strength of the
When a river's
Orographic precipitation
It has been suggested that this section should be Orographic precipitation. (discuss ) (November 2020) |
Orographic precipitation, also known as relief precipitation, is
- Upward deflection of large-scale horizontal flow by the orography.
- Anabatic or upward vertical propagation of moist air up an orographic slope, caused by daytime heating of the mountain barrier surface.
Upon ascent, the air that is being lifted expands and cools adiabatically. This
Orographic precipitation is known to occur on oceanic
Another area in which orographic precipitation is known to occur is the Pennines in the north of England: the west side of the Pennines receives more rain than the east because the clouds are forced up and over the hills and cause the rain to tend to fall on the western slopes. This is particularly noticeable between Manchester (to the west) and Leeds (to the east); Leeds receives less rain due to a rain shadow of 12 miles (19 km) from the Pennines.
See also
References
- ^ Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). 1911. .
- ^ Orography Archived 27 September 2007 at the Wayback Machine (from the American Meteorological Society website)
- ^ "Map of the Southern Half of Eastern Siberia and Parts of Mongolia, Manchuria, and Sakhalin: For a General Sketch of the Orography of Eastern Siberia". World Digital Library. Retrieved 23 January 2013.
- ^ Srinivasan, J., Nanjundiah, Ravi S. and Chakraborty, Arindam (2005) Impact of Orography on the Simulation of Monsoon Climate in a General Circulation Model Indian Institute of Science
Sources
- Stull, Roland (2017). Practical Meteorology: An Algebra-based Survey of Atmospheric Science. ISBN 978-0-88865-283-6.
- Whiteman, C. David (2000). Mountain Meteorology: Fundamentals and Applications. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-513271-8.