Oswald Commission
The Oswald Commission was a disciplinary commission of the
By December 2017, the commission had banned 43 athletes from the Olympics for life, and retroactively disqualified them from their Sochi Olympic events with 13 medals being stripped. 30 of the 43 athletes later successfully appealed to the Court of Arbitration for Sport and had their sanctions overturned; and another 12 had their doping rulings confirmed, but had their lifetime bans commuted to bans for only the 2018 Winter Olympics in Pyeongchang.[1][2] One athlete did not appeal. The IOC banned Russia from competing at Pyeongchang as a result of the scandal, instead inviting 169 Russian athletes to compete as "Olympic Athletes from Russia" under the Olympic flag rather than under the Russian flag.[2]
Background
Media attention began growing in December 2014 when German broadcaster
Sochi investigation
The
On November 1, 2017 a cross-country skier
List of disqualified sportspeople
Name | Country | Sport | Banned substance | Medals | Details of test | CAS appeals result[19] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alexander Legkov | Russia | Cross-country skiing | Disappearing sample | gold silver |
IOC sanction imposed in 2017[20] | Sanctions annulled/Results reinstated |
Evgeniy Belov | Russia | Cross-country skiing | Disappearing sample | IOC sanction imposed in 2017[20] | Sanctions annulled/Results reinstated | |
Maksim Vylegzhanin
|
Russia | Cross-country skiing | Disappearing sample | silver silver silver |
IOC sanction imposed in 2017[21] | Sanctions annulled/Results reinstated |
Evgenia Shapovalova
|
Russia | Cross-country skiing | Disappearing sample | IOC sanction imposed in 2017[21] | Sanctions annulled/Results reinstated | |
Alexei Petukhov
|
Russia | Cross-country skiing | Disappearing sample | IOC sanction imposed in 2017[21] | Sanctions annulled/Results reinstated | |
Yulia Ivanova | Russia | Cross-country skiing | Disappearing sample | IOC sanction imposed in 2017[21] | Sanctions upheld | |
Aleksandr Tretyakov | Russia | Skeleton | Disappearing sample | gold | IOC sanction imposed in 2017[22] | Sanctions annulled/Results reinstated |
Elena Nikitina | Russia | Skeleton | Disappearing sample | bronze | IOC sanction imposed in 2017[22] | Sanctions annulled/Results reinstated |
Olga Potylitsina | Russia | Skeleton | Disappearing sample | IOC sanction imposed in 2017[22] | Sanctions annulled/Results reinstated | |
Maria Orlova | Russia | Skeleton | Disappearing sample | IOC sanction imposed in 2017[22] | Sanctions annulled/Results reinstated | |
Olga Stulneva | Russia | Bobsleigh | Disappearing sample | IOC sanction imposed in 2017[23] | Sanctions annulled/Results reinstated | |
Alexandr Zubkov | Russia | Bobsleigh | Disappearing sample | gold gold |
IOC sanction imposed in 2017[23] | Sanctions upheld |
Olga Fatkulina | Russia | Speed skating | Disappearing sample | silver | IOC sanction imposed in 2017[23] | Sanctions annulled/Results reinstated |
Aleksandr Rumyantsev
|
Russia | Speed skating | Disappearing sample | IOC sanction imposed in 2017[23] | Sanctions annulled/Results reinstated | |
Aleksei Negodaylo
|
Russia | Bobsleigh | Disappearing sample | gold | IOC sanction imposed in 2017[24] | Sanctions annulled/Team disqualified |
Dmitry Trunenkov | Russia | Bobsleigh | Disappearing sample | gold | IOC sanction imposed in 2017[24] | Sanctions annulled/Team disqualified |
Olga Vilukhina | Russia | Biathlon | Disappearing sample | silver silver |
IOC sanction imposed in 2017[24] | Sanctions annulled/Results reinstated |
Yana Romanova | Russia | Biathlon | Disappearing sample | silver | IOC sanction imposed in 2017[24] | Sanctions annulled/Results reinstated |
Sergei Chudinov
|
Russia | Skeleton | Disappearing sample | IOC sanction imposed in 2017[24] | Sanctions annulled/Results reinstated | |
Alexander Kasjanov | Russia | Bobsleigh | Disappearing sample | IOC sanction imposed in 2017[14] | Sanctions upheld | |
Aleksei Pushkarev | Russia | Bobsleigh | Disappearing sample | IOC sanction imposed in 2017[14] | Sanctions upheld | |
Ilvir Huzin | Russia | Bobsleigh | Disappearing sample | IOC sanction imposed in 2017[14] | Sanctions upheld | |
Yuliya Chekalyova | Russia | Cross-country skiing | Disappearing sample | IOC sanction imposed in 2017[15] | Sanctions upheld | |
Anastasia Dotsenko | Russia | Cross-country skiing | Disappearing sample | IOC sanction imposed in 2017[15] | Sanctions upheld | |
Olga Zaitseva | Russia | Biathlon | Disappearing sample | silver | IOC sanction imposed in 2017[15] | Sanctions upheld |
Inna Dyubanok | Russia | Ice hockey | Disappearing sample | IOC sanction imposed in 2017[7] | Sanctions upheld | |
Yekaterina Lebedeva | Russia | Ice hockey | Disappearing sample | IOC sanction imposed in 2017[7] | Sanctions annulled/Team disqualified | |
Yekaterina Pashkevich | Russia | Ice hockey | Disappearing sample | IOC sanction imposed in 2017[7] | Sanctions annulled/Team disqualified | |
Anna Shibanova | Russia | Ice hockey | Disappearing sample | IOC sanction imposed in 2017[7] | Sanctions upheld | |
Yekaterina Smolentseva | Russia | Ice hockey | Disappearing sample | IOC sanction imposed in 2017[7] | Sanctions annulled/Team disqualified | |
Galina Skiba | Russia | Ice hockey | Disappearing sample | IOC sanction imposed in 2017[7] | Sanctions upheld | |
Alexey Voyevoda | Russia | Bobsleigh | Disappearing sample | gold gold |
IOC sanction imposed in 2017[25] | Sanctions upheld |
Albert Demchenko | Russia | Luge | Disappearing sample | silver silver |
IOC sanction imposed in 2017[18] | Sanctions annulled/Results reinstated |
Tatiana Ivanova | Russia | Luge | Disappearing sample | silver | IOC sanction imposed in 2017[18] | Sanctions annulled/Results reinstated |
Ivan Skobrev | Russia | Speed skating | Disappearing sample | IOC sanction imposed in 2017[18] | Sanctions annulled/Results reinstated | |
Artyom Kuznetsov | Russia | Speed skating | Disappearing sample | IOC sanction imposed in 2017[18] | Sanctions annulled/Results reinstated | |
Liudmila Udobkina | Russia | Bobsleigh | Disappearing sample | IOC sanction imposed in 2017[18] | Sanctions annulled/Results reinstated | |
Maxim Belugin | Russia | Bobsleigh | Disappearing sample | IOC sanction imposed in 2017[18] | No appeal filed | |
Tatiana Burina | Russia | Ice hockey | Disappearing sample | IOC sanction imposed in 2017[18] | Sanctions annulled/Team disqualified | |
Anna Shukina | Russia | Ice hockey | Disappearing sample | IOC sanction imposed in 2017[18] | Sanctions annulled/Team disqualified | |
Nikita Kryukov | Russia | Cross-country skiing | Disappearing sample | silver | IOC sanction imposed in 2017[18] | Sanctions annulled/Results reinstated |
Alexander Bessmertnykh | Russia | Cross-country skiing | Disappearing sample | silver | IOC sanction imposed in 2017[18] | Sanctions annulled/Results reinstated |
Natalya Matveyeva | Russia | Cross-country skiing | Disappearing sample | IOC sanction imposed in 2017[18] | Sanctions annulled/Results reinstated |
See also
References
- ^ "28 Russians have Olympic doping bans lifted". nbcsports.com. 1 February 2018. Retrieved 4 February 2018.
- ^ a b "Factbox: The IOC, WADA, CAS and the Russian doping story explained". Reuters. 2018-02-08. Retrieved 2019-06-06.
- ^ "Decision of the IOC Disciplinary Commission in the proceedings against Maxim BELUGIN" (PDF). p. 3. Retrieved 6 June 2019.
- ^ "Update on the status of Russia testing" (PDF). wada-ama.org. June 2016. Retrieved November 26, 2017.
- ^ "MCLAREN INDEPENDENT INVESTIGATION REPORT - PART I". wada-ama.org. 18 July 2016. Retrieved November 26, 2017.
- ^ "MCLAREN INDEPENDENT INVESTIGATION REPORT - PART II". wada-ama.org. 9 December 2016. Retrieved November 26, 2017.
- ^ a b c d e f g "IOC sanctions six Russian athletes and closes one case as part of Oswald Commission findings". 14 July 2021.
- ^ "IOC sanctions two Russian athletes as part of Oswald Commission findings - Olympic News". Olympic.org. 2017-11-01. Retrieved 2017-11-27.
- ^ "IOC sanctions four Russian athletes and closes one case as part of Oswald Commission findings". International Olympic Committee. 2017-11-09. Retrieved 2017-11-09.
- ^ "IOC sanctions four Russian athletes as part of Oswald Commission findings - Olympic News". Olympic.org. 2017-11-22. Retrieved 2017-11-27.
- ^ "IOC SANCTIONS FOUR RUSSIAN ATHLETES AS PART OF OSWALD COMMISSION FINDINGS". 24 November 2017. Retrieved 24 November 2017.
- ^ "IOC sanctions five Russian athletes and publishes first full decision as part of the Oswald Commission findings". International Olympic Committee. 27 November 2017. Retrieved 27 November 2017.
- ^ "IOC SANCTIONS FOUR RUSSIAN ATHLETES AS PART OF OSWALD COMMISSION FINDINGS". 24 November 2017. Retrieved 24 November 2017.
- ^ a b c d "IOC sanctions three Russian athletes as part of Oswald Commission findings". 14 July 2021.
- ^ a b c d "IOC sanctions three Russian athletes as part of Oswald Commission findings". 14 July 2021.
- ^ "IOC sanctions six Russian athletes and closes one case as part of the Oswald Commission findingsdate=December 12, 2017". olympic.org. Retrieved December 13, 2017.
- ^ "Russian bobsledder banned over doping". France 24. 18 December 2017. Archived from the original on 19 December 2017. Retrieved 20 December 2017.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l "IOC sanctions 11 Russian athletes as part of Oswald Commission findings". International Olympic Committee. 2017-12-22. Retrieved 2017-12-22.
- ^ "The Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS) delivers its decisions in the matter of 39 Russian athletes v. the IOC" (PDF). Court of Arbitration for Sport. Retrieved 2018-03-04.
- ^ a b "IOC sanctions two Russian athletes as part of Oswald Commission findings". International Olympic Committee. Retrieved 2017-11-01.
- ^ a b c d "IOC sanctions four Russian athletes and closes one case as part of Oswald Commission findings". International Olympic Committee. Retrieved 2017-11-09.
- ^ a b c d "IOC sanctions four Russian athletes as part of Oswald Commission findings". 14 July 2021.
- ^ a b c d "IOC sanctions four Russian athletes as part of Oswald Commission findings". 14 July 2021.
- ^ a b c d e "IOC sanctions five Russian athletes and publishes first full decision as part of the Oswald Commission findings". 14 July 2021.
- ^ "Russian bobsledder banned over doping". France 24. 18 December 2017. Archived from the original on 19 December 2017. Retrieved 20 December 2017.