Outlaw Star

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Outlaw Star
The image depicts an illustration of a crimson-haired man with a scarred face, facing the viewer's left. He is heavily garbed and covered in a yellow cloak, and carries a large firearm. The top of the image shows the title "Outlaw Star アウトロースター 星方武侠". The bottom-left of the image is worded "1st Star: Fire & Ice". Various bits of Japanese and English text cover the black background.
Cover of Outlaw Star volume 1 as released by Shueisha
星方武侠アウトロースター
(Seihō Bukyō Autorō Sutā)
Genre
Created byHajime Yatate, Takehiko Itō
Manga
Written byTakehiko Itō
Published byShueisha
MagazineUltra Jump
DemographicSeinen
Original runSeptember 20, 1996 – May 20, 1999
Volumes3 (List of volumes)
Anime television series
Directed by
Sunrise
Licensed by
Original networkTV Tokyo
English network
Original run January 8, 1998 – June 25, 1998
Episodes26 (List of episodes)
Light novel
Outlaw Star Ginga no Ryuu Myaku Hen
Written byTiba Katsuhiko
Illustrated bySaitou Takuya
Published byShueisha
ImprintSuper Dash Bunko
DemographicMale
Original runOctober 1998 – February 1999
Volumes2
Light novel
Unkai no El Dorado Seihō Bukyō Outlaw Star
Written byMiho Sakai
Illustrated bySaitou Takuya
Published byShueisha
ImprintSuper Dash Bunko
DemographicMale
PublishedJuly 14, 2000
Volumes1
Spin-off

Outlaw Star (星方武侠アウトロースター, Seihō Bukyō Autorō Sutā, lit. "Starward Warrior Knight Outlaw Star") is a Japanese

Sunrise and seinen manga series written and illustrated by Takehiko Itō. The series takes place in the "Toward Stars Era" universe in which spacecraft are capable of traveling faster than the speed of light. The plot follows protagonist Gene Starwind
and his motley crew of an inherited ship dubbed the Outlaw Star, as they search for a legendary outer space treasure trove called the "Galactic Leyline".

Outlaw Star was originally serialized in the monthly

Beez Entertainment. A few Japanese-exclusive audio CDs and light novels
have been spawned since the start of the manga's publication.

Critical reception for Outlaw Star has been mostly positive. Many reviewers praised the anime series, particularly its animation style and its balance of dramatic and comedic elements. However, some found fault with the show's pacing, believing that the storyline quality begins to wane after the first few episodes. Sunrise produced a spin-off television series titled Angel Links (星方天使エンジェルリンクス, Seihō Tenshi Enjeru Rinkusu, lit. "Starward Angels Angel Links"), which aired in Japan in 1999. Preliminary plans were made to create a direct sequel in the form of a single-episode (OVA) called Sword of Wind, but production never began.

Plot

See also: List of Outlaw Star characters

Outlaw Star is a space opera/space Western set in the fictional "Towards Stars Era" (到星歴, Tōseireki) universe.[4][5][6][7] During its past, an asteroid containing a material known as "dragonite" crashed in the fictional Arashon desert of northern China. Scientists found that the dragonite contained properties related to "ether", an energy source that would allow spacecraft to travel faster than the speed of light, and thus traverse large distances of the universe in a short time.[6] As new colonies were formed throughout the vast reaches of outer space, pirates, assassins, and outlaws began to threaten humanity's new frontier. To create order, the Earth Federation established four empires: USSA, Einhorn, Piotr, and Tenpa.[4] However, internal power struggles within the factions and conflicts amongst one another become abundant, leading to inevitable lawlessness. The storyline starts shortly after an infamous outlaw named "Hot Ice" Hilda flees from the Kei Pirates, a branch of the Tin'Pa. Hilda has stolen from them a highly-advanced prototype ship dubbed the XGP15A-II and a suitcase containing a bio-android called Melfina, the only being capable of interfacing with the ship.[4]

Outlaw Star opens on the backwater planet Sentinel III, on which the protagonist

catgirl Aisha Clanclan.[4][8]

The Outlaw Star

television series are paced differently.[9] The anime episodes often involve Gene and his comrades taking on various jobs or missions to fund their ship's massive maintenance costs.[4] Throughout their travels, the crew often encounters Ronald MacDougall and Harry MacDougall, a pair of bounty hunters responsible for the death of Gene's father.[4] Ronald acts as a rival to Gene, while Harry wishes to form a bond with Melfina, a bio-android like himself, who instead develops strong feelings for Gene. The crew also contends with others that learn of the Outlaw Star's connection to the Galactic Leyline. They are Nguyen Khan, a scientist wishing to gain omniscience through the Leyline; and Lord Hazanko, the leader of the ruthless assassin organization the Anten Seven that seek the Leyline to gain ultimate power.[4] The series climaxes when all parties meet on the physical plane of the Leyline.[10]
In the end, Ron MacDougall retreats, saved by a computer copy of his brother Harry (who is killed trying to protect Melfina from Hazanko), Khan is integrated into the Leyline as data, Gene reveals to Melfina that he is in love with her and frees her from the Leyline by making it their shared wish to be together forever, and Hazanko is eventually defeated by the Outlaw Star crewmembers. Once the conflict comes to a close, Gene and his friends return to Sentinel III and go their separate ways, but ultimately reunite to continue their adventures together.

Production

Outlaw Star was created by Morning Star Studio.

Chinese culture when creating Outlaw Star.[16]

The animated television series of Outlaw Star was produced by Sunrise and directed by

Hiroyuki Hataike (Detonator Orgun, Armored Trooper Votoms) and Takuya Saito.[8][18] The show's vehicles were designed by Juniya Ishigaki [ja] and Macross and Gundam mecha artist Shōji Kawamori, the latter of whom designed the Outlaw Star ship itself.[8][19] Kow Otani composed the musical score for the Outlaw Star anime.[20] The series features the opening theme "Through the Night" written and performed Masahiko Arimachi, and two closing themes, "Hiru no Tsuki" (昼の月, lit. "Daytime Moon") and "Tsuki no Ie" (月の家, lit. "House of the Moon"), both written and performed by Akino Arai.[15][21] "Through the Night" was chosen for the opening among several candidate songs. Itō and Sunrise agreed that the theme should be one that had not been used in a recent animation and that it should feature male vocals.[15] Arimachi wrote the song to resemble a story, took into account its long-term impact, and felt it fit Outlaw Star perfectly.[15]

Media

Manga

Main article: List of Outlaw Star chapters

Outlaw Star was serialized in Japan's monthly

Planet Manga.[13] No official English translation of the Outlaw Star exists, though Morning Star Studio's official website suggests that a release in the United States was planned at one time.[29]

Anime

Main article: List of Outlaw Star episodes
Outlaw Star was edited by Cartoon Network (bottom) to cover up instances of nudity featured in the Japanese version (top).

The 26-episode anime adaptation of Outlaw Star began broadcasting in Japan on TV Tokyo from January 8, 1998, and ended on June 25, 1998, though the broadcast began on January 9, as it was in a 1:15 A.M. time slot.[17] The series was licensed by Bandai Entertainment. The English version was produced by ZRO Limit Productions and was aired on the evening Toonami block beginning on January 15, 2001 and ended on February 21, 2001.

edited due to its adult content. Profanity was removed, scenes with violence and lewd behavior were cut or toned down, and many scenes containing nudity were altered by digitally inserting clothing onto characters.[18][31] Episode 23, in which the Outlaw Star crew visits a hot spring planet, was not aired due to nudity and suggestive themes.[32] However, some instances of adult language were not removed for the anime's initial run.[33] Toonami's creative director Sean Akins claimed that Cartoon Network made all of their own edits to their licensed properties during this time period, which they did "in a way that preserves the story".[34] The role of Fred Luo, a recurring homosexual character, was considerably toned down. Cartoon Network had no specific editing policy with regard to gay characters, but that "overt sexuality or implied sexuality of any kind are not allowed".[35] Outlaw Star was also aired on the late night Adult Swim block throughout 2002.[36] However, the broadcast was cancelled late in the year and (according to Akins) the network allowed its rights to the anime to expire by 2003.[37][38] Outlaw Star was aired in the United Kingdom on CNX in October 2002.[39]

Bandai released the first 13 episodes of Outlaw Star on

Sunrise had announced that they have rescued Outlaw Star, along with a handful of other former BEI titles.[52] In October 2014,[53][54] the entire series was released in Japan for the first time on Blu-Ray, with the set including such features as staff commentary, an art gallery board, book breaks of Gene and Melfina, and various songs.[55]

On March 16, 2017, Funimation announced[56] that Outlaw Star would be released in North America in both standard and Collector's Editions on June 13, 2017. Each edition includes a DVD and Blu-ray copy of the series, while the Collector's Edition comes in a metallic chipboard artbox designed after the XGP-15A2 and includes a 100-page artbook. Following Funimation's acquisition of the series, it aired again on Cartoon Network as part of Adult Swim on the Toonami programming block starting on August 20, 2017, and concluding on March 18, 2018. Due to its late night broadcast on Adult Swim, the anime was aired with fewer edits and included the U.S. television premiere of episode 23.[57]

CDs

The opening theme and the two closing themes of Outlaw Star were published in Japan in 1998 as CD singles by

Victor Entertainment and JVC respectively.[21][58][59] Victor Entertainment published a two-volume original soundtrack for the series on March 31, 1998, and June 24, 1998. The CDs consist of a total of 61 background and vocal music tracks.[60][61] Another two-disc album containing several drama tracks, Seihō Bukyō Outlaw Star Sound & Scenario Tracks (星方武侠アウトロースター サウンド&シナリオトラック), was released on August 21, 1998.[62][63]

Light novels

A series of light novels based on Outlaw Star has been released in Japan by Shueisha under its Super Dash Bunko label. Outlaw Star Ginga no Ryū Myaku Hen (OUTLAW STAR 銀河の龍脈編, lit. "Outlaw Star: Chapter of the Galactic Dragon Vein"), was written by Katsuhiko Tiba (千葉 克彦 Chiba Katsuhiko), illustrated by Takuya Saitou (斎藤 卓也 Saitō Takuya), and released in two volumes on October 1998 and February 1999. The two books are an adaptation of the anime series, retelling the early events that trigger Gene and company's search for the Galactic Leyline.[64][65] Another light novel, Unkai no El Dorado Seihō Bukyō Outlaw Star (雲海のエルドラド 星方武侠アウトロースター, lit. "El Dorado Covered With Clouds: Starward Warrior Knight Outlaw Star"), was written by Miho Sakai, illustrated by Takuya Saitou, and released as a single volume on July 14, 2000. The novel features an original plot involving the Outlaw Star crew pursuing a serial killer named Billy McAglen in a mining town called El Dorado.[66]

Other merchandise

A hardcover guidebook titled Muhōmono no Kioku – Seihō Bukyō Outlaw Star (無法者の記録―星方武侠アウトロースター, lit. "Outlaw Record – Starward Warrior Knight Outlaw Star") was published by

art book.[70]

Reception

Critical reception for Outlaw Star has been favorable. Eric Luce, Ivevei Upatkoon, and Michael Poirier of EX.org all gave similarly positive reviews for the Japanese manga, Japanese anime, and English anime versions of Outlaw Star respectively.

The Anime Encyclopedia agreeably denoted Outlaw Star as "no competition for Cowboy Bebop in terms of style, content, or execution".[18]

Critical reception for the plot of Outlaw Star has been mixed. Churosh found that though the series features many clichés of 1990's science fiction anime, Outlaw Star manages to transcend them as well. "Maybe it doesn't go anywhere that other series haven't already been", the reviewer stated. "But boy, does it have a damn good time getting there."[74] Upatkoon observed that the plot "[takes] off with a bang at the beginning" and then begins to drag.[71] Keith Dawe of Animerica also noted this about the anime's pacing, stating that even as the first few episodes do well to begin the narrative, the show's writers rely too heavily on inertia to advance it. He went on to remark that the series suffers from "unfocused scripting" and that "one has to endure the occasional cheesy episode to reap the rewards of a show that is clever, pragmatic and amusing". However, Dawe did regard the English script writing and voice acting, and called the over-the-top introductory narration for each episode a reminder that the show should be enjoyed for what it was.[4] Owens commented that the plot will not seem very original, but that it does seem to have direction, despite said direction not being very clear.[73]

Outlaw Star has received very modest commercial success and miscellaneous viewer recognition. The initial shipment of the manga's first volume sold out nationwide in Japan.

Nielsen rating of 0.9, up 125 percent for that same time slot and a delivery of 414,000, up 135 percent for the 18–34 age range.[36] The Outlaw Star Complete Collection was the 21st best-selling anime DVD in the United States in 2006 and the 25th in 2007.[82] In 2012, Bandai's North American division, Bandai Entertainment, listed Outlaw Star as one of its top five most successful anime properties.[83] Josh Pool of IGN listed Outlaw Star at number six on its "Top Ten Anime Themes and Soundtracks of All-Time", noting a stark polarity between the opening and ending themes.[84]

Legacy

In 1999, Sunrise produced a spin-off television series titled Angel Links (星方天使エンジェルリンクス, Seihō Tenshi Enjeru Rinkusu, lit. "Angels of the Stars: Angel Links"). Outlaw Star and Angel Links take place in the same universe; characters from both series appeared in an episode of Outlaw Star, but the two have little else in relation.[85][86] Morning Star Studio also drafted a proposed sequel to Outlaw Star in the form of a single-episode OVA special titled Outlaw Star 2: Sword of Wind on its official website with character designs and a plot outline.[87][88] Set three years after the events of Outlaw Star, it was to continue the adventures of Gene Starwind in his new starship named "Sword of Wind". Due to the lack of the franchise's popularity in Japan and the busy schedule of animation director Mitsuru Hongo, no production date was set.[76][89] In October 2001, Takehiko Itō commented that his team only had static, preliminary plans for the sequel series and that they could perhaps continue the manga series in the future.[89]

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External links

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