Oxisol
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| Oxisol | |
|---|---|
 Oxisol profile | |
| Used in | USDA soil taxonomy |
| Profile | OABC |
| Key process | leaching, weathering |
| Climate | tropical |
Oxisols are a
ferralsols, but some are plinthosols or nitisols. Some oxisols have been previously classified as laterite
soils.
Formation
The main processes of
clay minerals and organic matter
.
Etymology
The word "oxisol" comes from "oxide" in reference to the dominance of oxide minerals such as bauxite. In the World Reference Base for Soil Resources, oxisols are known as ferralsols.
Occurrence
Present-day oxisols are found almost exclusively in tropical areas, in South America and Africa, almost always on highly stable continental cratons.
In
brown soils.[2]
In
skeletal soils
can form.
Genesis
alfisols
, probably because vegetation took a long time to adapt to the infertility of oxisols.
History
Scientists originally thought that the heavy vegetation of tropical
leached by the wet and humid climate
.
Uses
Oxisols are often used for tropical crops such as
soybeans in Brazil
.
Suborders
Oxisols are divided into the following suborders:
- Aquox – oxisols with a water table at or near the surface for much of the year
- Perox – oxisols of continuously humid climates, where precipitation exceeds evapotranspiration in all months
- Torrox – oxisols of arid climates. Because the present climate can never produce enough weathering to produce oxisols, torrox soils are always paleosols formed during periods of much wetter climates. They occur mainly in Southern Africa.
- Ustox – oxisols of semiarid and subhumid climates
- Udox – oxisols of humid climates
See also
- Pedogenesis– Process of soil formation
- Pedology – Study of soils in their natural environment
- Soil classification – Systematic categorization of soils
- Terra preta – Very dark, fertile Amazonian anthropogenic soil
References
- ^ IUSS Working Group WRB (2022). "World Reference Base for Soil Resources, fourth edition" (PDF). International Union of Soil Sciences, Vienna.
- ^ Lofjle, E.; Kubiniok, J. Landform development and bioturbation on the Khorat plateau, Northeast Thailand, Nat.Hist.Bull.Siam Soc. (56), 1996 "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-21. Retrieved 2010-12-23.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- Buol, Hole, and McCracken, (1997). ‘Soil Genesis and Classification.’ 4th edition. (The Iowa State University Press, Ames, Iowa.)
- "Oxisols". USDA-NRCS. Archived from the original on 2006-02-06. Retrieved 2006-05-14.
- "Oxisols". University of Florida. Archived from the original on September 16, 2006. Retrieved 2006-05-14.
- "Oxisols". University of Idaho. Archived from the original on 2006-06-04. Retrieved 2006-05-14.
Further reading
- W. Zech, P. Schad, G. Hintermaier-Erhard: Soils of the World. Springer, Berlin 2022, Chapter 10.3.1. ISBN 978-3-540-30460-9
External links
- profile photos (with classification) WRB homepage
- profile photos (with classification) IUSS World of Soils
