Péter Pázmány
His Eminence Péter Pázmány Cardinal Priest | |
|---|---|
| Personal details | |
| Born | 4 October 1570 |
| Died | 19 March 1637 (aged 66) Pozsony, Royal Hungary |
| Buried | St Martin's Cathedral, Bratislava |
| Parents | Miklós Pázmány Margit Massai |
| Alma mater | University of Vienna & Pontifical Gregorian University |
| Signature |  |
| Coat of arms |  |
Péter Pázmány de Panasz,
Pázmány's most important legacy was his creation of the Hungarian literary language. As an orator he was dubbed "the Hungarian Cicero in the purple". In 1867, a street in Vienna, the Pazmanitengasse, was named after him.
Biography
Early life
Pázmány was born in 1570 in Nagyvárad, in the
Upon entering the
After his studies, Pázmány was sent to Graz, Austria, first serving on the staff of the Jesuit college there for a year, then lecturing in theology at the University of Graz. In 1601, he was sent to the Society's establishment at Sellye (today Šaľa, Slovakia), where his eloquence and dialectic won hundreds to Catholicism, including many of the noblest families. Count Miklós Esterházy and Pál Rákóczi were among his converts.
In 1607 Pázmány entered the court of Archbishop Ferenc Forgách of Esztergom. The following year he attracted attention in the Diet of Hungary by his denunciation of the 8th point of the Peace of Vienna, which prohibited the Jesuits from acquiring landed property in Hungary. Particularly remarkable from this period is Pázmány's Guide to Truth, which appeared in 1613. This manual was judged to have united all the advantages of scientific depth, methodical arrangement and popular style.
At the initiative of the archbishop and the request of King
Primate of Hungary
On 25 April 1616 Pázmány was appointed the
As the chief pastor of the Catholic Church in Hungary, Pázmány used every means in his power, short of absolute contravention of the laws, to obstruct and weaken
Pázmány played a considerable part in the politics of his day. It was chiefly due to him that the Diet of 1618 elected Archduke Ferdinand to succeed the childless Matthias. He also repeatedly thwarted the martial ambitions of Gabriel Bethlen, and prevented George I Rákóczi, over whom he had a great influence, from allying with the Ottoman Empire and the Protestants.
Pázmány was created a
Death
Pázmány died in
Pázmány's grave was discovered during reconstruction on 12 September 1859 by
Works
- The Four Books of Thomas à Kempis on the imitation of Christ (Hungarian, 1603), of which there are many editions
- Christian Prayer Book, 1606, translated in English by Christianfaith.info
- Diatribe theologica de visible Christi in terris ecclesia (Graz, 1615)
- Vindiciae ecclesiasticae (Vienna, 1620);
- Sermons for every Sunday in the Year (Hung., Pressburg, 1636)
- The Triumph of Truth (Hungarian, Pressburg, 1614)
Sources
Grazer philosophische Disputationen von Péter Pázmány, ed. Paul Richard Blum [1][2] and Emil Hargittay, Piliscsaba (Katholische Péter-Pázmány-Universität) 2003.
Pázmány Péter és kora [P. P. and his times], ed. Emil Hargittay, Piliscsaba (Pázmány Péter Katolikus Egyetem) 2001.
Honors
Péter Pázmány is revered by Hungary by issuing six postage stamps on 25 September 1935.[6]
References
- ^ "History and Mission - Universitas Tyrnaviensis · Trnava University in Trnava". www.truni.sk. Retrieved 8 November 2018.
- ^ a b c d e "Pázmány, S.J., Péter". Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church. Archived from the original on 3 February 2014. Retrieved 17 July 2013.
- ^ Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). . Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
- ^ "Pázmány Péter Catholic University". Archived from the original on 13 October 1999. Retrieved 6 June 2008.
- ^ Jombík, Ondrej. "Impulz: Pázmaň v Dóme sv. Martina". www.impulzrevue.sk. Retrieved 8 November 2018.
- ^ "Hungary : Stamps [Year: 1935] [1/2]". colnect.com. Retrieved 8 November 2018.
Sources
- This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Bain, Robert Nisbet (1911). "Pázmány, Péter". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 21 (11th ed.). p. 2.
- Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1911). . Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 11. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
- Vilmos Fraknói, Péter Pázmány and his Times (Hung. Pest, 1868–1872); Correspondence of Pázmány (Hung. and Latin), published by the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (Pest, 1873). (R. N. B.)
