P-800 Oniks

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Yakhont/Oniks missile
inertial guidance, active radar homing-passive radar seeker head
Accuracy1.5 m[5]
Launch
platform
coastal installations, naval ships, Fixed-wing aircraft

The P-800 Oniks (

NATO codename SS-N-26 "Strobile". Development commenced in 1983,[6] and in the 1990s the anti-ship missile was tested on the Project 1234.7 ship. In 2002 the missile passed the whole range of trials and was commissioned.[7] It is reportedly a replacement for the P-270 Moskit, and possibly also of the P-700 Granit
.

Description

The Oniks flies

surface, and thus the rocket begins its flight, ditching its nosecone to open its ramjet intake to the air.[citation needed
]

In its initial flight, the Oniks utilizes thrust from a solid rocket booster mounted inside the combustion chamber of its ramjet to get up to cruise speed. Once the rocket engine is expended, the air pressure built up in the ramjet's intake kicks the rocket engine out, clearing the combustion chamber and starting the missile's self-sustaining ramjet cycle.[citation needed]

Advantages

  • Over-the-horizon firing range
  • Full autonomy of combat use ("
    fire and forget
    ")
  • A set of flexible ("low-profile
    sea-skimming
    ", "high-low") trajectories
  • High supersonic speed in all phases of flight
  • Full harmonization for a wide range of platforms (surface ships, submarines and land-based launchers)
  • Possible use of the missile in
    electronic countermeasures
    environment and under enemy fire

Operational history

Syria

In 2010 Sergei Prikhodko, senior adviser to the Russian President, has said that Russia intends to deliver P-800 to Syria based on the contracts signed in 2007.[8][9] Syria received two Bastion missile systems with 36 missiles each (72 in total).[10] The missiles' test was broadcast by Syrian state TV.[11]

In May 2013, Russia continued the contract delivery to the Syrian government supplying missiles with an advanced radar to make them more effective to counter any future foreign military invasion.[12][13] A warehouse containing the Bastion missiles was destroyed by an Israeli air strike on Latakia on 5 July 2013, but US intelligence analysts believe that some missiles had been removed before the attack.[14]

Oniks missiles were reportedly used in 2016 against

ISIL targets.[15][16][17]

Russian invasion of Ukraine

The P-800 was used in the Russo-Ukrainian War. The Russian Defense Ministry announced that it had used the missile in 1 May 2022; reportedly a number of Oniks missiles were used to destroy military equipment around the city of Odesa.[18] On 19 July 2023, Oniks missiles were used to target Ukraine's grain storage facility in the Black Sea region.[citation needed]

Ukrainian Air Force Spokesperson

electronic warfare against them; he mentioned that a missile attack on 23 September 2023 missed a military target and destroyed a "recreational area", adding that "something affected its flight."[19][20] However, Ukrainian sources report successfully intercepting at least two Onyx missiles in December, 2022. [21]

Russian sources reported on 27 March 2024 that the missile received a new active homing head in order to hit ground targets more precisely.[22][unreliable source?]

Specifications

Kalibr
and Onyx cruise missiles hit targets in Syria, November 2016.
  • Length: 8.9 m
  • Diameter: 0.7 m
  • Wingspan: 1.7 m
  • Weight: 3,100 kg
  • Speed at altitude: 750 m/s (Mach 2.6)
  • Surface speed: Mach 2
  • Engine: ramjet, weight 200 kg, 4 tons of thrust
  • Range: 120–300 km / 600 km for Russian ship/sub deployed non-export model[23]
  • for the combined trajectory (hi-lo) – 300 km
  • for low-altitude trajectory (lo-lo) – 120 km
  • Flight altitude of 10,000–14,000 m
  • Warhead: national version: 300 kg semi-armour piercing HE, thermonuclear; export version: 200 kg HE
  • Fuel: jet fuel T-6

Radar homing head

  • all-weather monopulse active-passive, with frequency hopping
  • Immunity: high, from active spoofing, dipole clouds
  • Range: 50 km active[24]
  • Launchable sea state – up to 7 points
  • Warm-up time from power on: no more than 2 min
  • Current consumption at 27 V circuit: up to 38 A
  • Maximum angle of the target search: ± 45 °
  • Homing weight: 85 kg

Variants

  • 3M55 Oniks – Base version for Russia.
  • P-800 Yakhont – Export version of Oniks.
  • P-800 Bolid - Submarine-launched version of Yakhont.[25]
  • BrahMos Aerospace Private Limited, since 1998.[26][27]
  • Bastion-P – Coast mobile missile system. Officially it entered service in 2015.[28]
  • Kh-61 - Air launched air to surface version.
  • Oniks-M - version of Oniks with improved range (up to 800 km), accuracy and ECCM capabilities.[29][unreliable source?]

Platforms

Naval

Current
Future

Land

Standard batteries of the K-300

Bastion-P
(Бастион-П-Подвижный):

  • 4 self-propelled launchers K-340P with 2 "Yakhont" missiles (crew of 3 persons)
  • 1–2 Command and Control vehicles (ASBU) PBRK (crew of 5 persons)
  • 1 security alert car (MOBD)
  • 4 Transportation and loading vehicles (TLV K342P)

Operators

Map with P-800 operators in blue

See also

References

  1. ^ "MIC "NPO mashinostroyenia" - History". Archived from the original on 5 June 2014. Retrieved 23 December 2014.
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  3. ^ Landa, Volodymyr; Gnenny, Konstantin. "Over the weekend, Russia launched missiles worth about $200 million over Ukraine., Росія за вихідні випустила по Україні ракет вартістю близько $200 млн" (in Ukrainian). Forbes. Retrieved 19 September 2022.
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External links