Palaestina Salutaris
Palaestina III Salutaris Ἐπαρχία τρίτης Παλαιστίνης | |||||||||
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Province of the Muslim conquest of Syria | 636 | ||||||||
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Palaestina Salutaris or Palaestina Tertia was a
Background
In 106, the territories east of
By the 3rd century, the Nabataeans had stopped writing in Aramaic and begun writing in Greek instead, and by the 4th century they had partially converted to Christianity, a process completed in the 5th century.[2]
Petra declined rapidly under late Roman rule, in large part from the revision of sea-based trade routes. In 363 an earthquake destroyed many buildings and crippled the vital water management system.[3]
The area became organized under the late Roman Empire as part of the Diocese of the East (314), in which it was included together with the provinces of Isauria, Cilicia, Cyprus (until 536), Euphratensis, Mesopotamia, Osroene, Phoenice and Arabia Petraea.
Byzantine rule in the 4th century introduced Christianity to the population.[4]: 459 Agricultural-based cities were established, and the population grew exponentially.[4]: 459 Under Byzantium (since 390), a new subdivision further split the province of Cilicia into Cilicia Prima, Cilicia Secunda; Syria Palaestina was split into Syria Prima, Syria Salutaris, Phoenice Lebanensis, Palaestina Prima, Palaestina Secunda and eventually also Palaestina Salutaris (in the 6th century).
History
Palaestina Tertia included the Negev, southern Transjordan, once part of Arabia Petraea, and most of Sinai. Petra was the usual residence of the governor and Metropolitan Archbishopric. Palestina Tertia was also known as Palaestina Salutaris.[4]: 8 [5] According to historian H. H. Ben-Sasson,[6]: 351
The Muslim Arabs found the remnants of the Nabataeans of Transjordan and the Negev transformed into
Himyarite vassals, the Kinda Arab Kingdom in North Arabia, forming parts of the Bilad al-Shamprovince.
See also
References
- ^ The Transfer of the Negev, Sinai and Southern Transjordan from "Arabia" to "Palaestina", YORAM TSAFRIR, Israel Exploration Journal, Vol. 36, No. 1/2 (1986), pp. 77-86, https://www.jstor.org/stable/27926015
- ^ Rimon, Ofra. "The Nabateans in the Negev". Hecht Museum. Archived from the original on 2018-11-20. Retrieved 2011-02-07.
- ^ Glueck, Grace (2003-10-17). "ART REVIEW; Rose-Red City Carved From the Rock". The New York Times. Retrieved 2010-05-22.
- ^ ISBN 978-1-56656-557-8.
- ^ "Roman Arabia". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 2007-08-11.
- ISBN 0-674-39731-2.