Palmarian Christian Church

Coordinates: 37°03′23″N 5°48′32″W / 37.05639°N 5.80889°W / 37.05639; -5.80889
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
(Redirected from
Palmarian Catholic Church
)
Roman Catholic Church
Congregations1
Members1,000 to 1,500 (claimed, 2011)
ClergyBishops: 30
Nuns: 30 (2015)
Other name(s)Palmarian Catholic Church
Palmarian Christian Church
Official websitepalmarianchurch.org

The Palmarian Church

Papacy and the headquarters of the Catholic Church was moved to El Palmar de Troya at the Cathedral-Basilica of Our Crowned Mother of Palmar, under the auspices of the Patriarchate of El Palmar de Troya, in 1978, due to the apostasy of the Roman Catholic Church
from the Catholic faith.

The origins of the Palmarians as a distinct body can be traced back to the alleged

traditionalist Catholic pushback to the liberalising changes introduced by the Second Vatican Council and alleged a "Masonic infiltration" of the Roman Catholic Church. In 1975, the Palmarians founded a religious order known as the Carmelites of the Holy Face and had a number of priests ordained, then consecrated as bishops by Archbishop Ngô Đình Thục, giving them holy orders. After the death of Pope Paul VI in 1978, Clemente Domínguez claimed that he had been mystically crowned Pope
of the Catholic Church by Jesus Christ and was to reign as Pope Gregory XVII from El Palmar de Troya.

There have been three subsequent Palmarian Popes and the man currently reigning since 2016 is Pope Peter III. Critical scholars, journalists and former followers almost universally describe the organization as a cult.[2][3][4][5] Members are expected not to watch any films or television, vote or read newspapers.[6] They also engage in heavy shunning of former members and are not allowed to talk to people unrelated to the Palmarian Christian Church.

Name

Further information: Christians and Catholic (term)

The official name of the Palmarian Church in the register of religious entities in the

Kingdom of Spain is the Iglesia Cristiana Palmariana de los Carmelitas de la Santa Faz (English: Palmarian Christian Church of the Carmelites of the Holy Face). This is due to a legal process which began in 1980, when the church applied to the Spanish Ministry of Justice for the status of recognised religion under the name Iglesia Católica, Apostólica y Palmariana, Orden Religiosa de los Carmelitas de la Santa Faz en Compañía de Jesús y María (English: Catholic, Apostolic and Palmarian Church, Religious Order of the Carmelites of the Holy Face in Company of Jesus and Mary).[7] This was initially rejected in 1982 by the Director-General of Religious Affairs who said that the terms "Catholic", "Pope" and "Cardinals", used by the Palmarians bore "excessive resemblance" to those still used by the Roman Catholic Church; in addition, the Palmarians simply claimed that they were the Catholic Church.[7] A few months later, they made a fresh application using the current official name with "Christian" instead of Catholic, while continuing to use terms such as the Holy Catholic Palmarian Church, the One, Holy, Catholic, Apostolic and Palmarian Church, the Palmarian Catholic Church and other variations in internal documents. The Director-General again rejected the registration due to the changes only being "semantic", but the Palmarians finally pushed through their registration through the Supreme Court of Spain in 1987 using the current official name.[8]

History

Main articles: History of the Catholic Church and Timeline of the Catholic Church

Background

Marian apparitions, Spain and the Second Vatican Council

Main articles:
Marian apparitions and Traditionalist Catholicism
Virgin Mary as she would have appeared as Our Lady of La Salette in 1846. This initiated a series of apocalyptic
Marian apparitions, warning modern man of a coming great chastisement.

From the 19th century onward, there has been in the Catholic world, a series of what Magnus Lundberg calls "Marian Apocalyptic movements", resulting from reported

Garabandal (1961).[17]

The apparitions of El Palmar de Troya took place in Spain at a time of religious and political upheaval, during the final decade that

Francoism, Spain was a "providential nation, being a faithful Catholic bulwark against liberalism, Freemasonry, Protestantism and communism."[19] Spain was a confessional state and this broadly had the support of the church, however, by the 1940s, there was some concerns about the power of the state subordinating the church and after the Second Vatican Council in the 1960s, the high episcopacy, particularly Cardinal Vicente Enrique y Tarancón began to push against Franco for "reforms" and the creation of a more modern state.[20] This was not unanimous and some Spanish priests belonging to the Hermandad Sacerdotal Española backed Francoists against the new liberal-leaning line of the Spanish Episcopal Conference and the Vatican.[21]

Following the Second Vatican Council, which took place between 1962 and 1965, there emerged a new openness to

sedevacantists emerged who claimed that Paul VI was a non-Catholic Antipope leading a new heretical religion,[25] an early example of which is Joaquín Sáenz y Arriaga
.

Apparitions of Our Lady of Palmar and Devotion to the Holy Face

Main articles: Our Lady of Palmar and Holy Face of Jesus
Palmar de Troya
from 1968 onwards formed the basis of the Palmarians.

On 30 March 1968, four Spanish Catholic girls,

Jesus Christ administered communion to her and, according to witnesses, when she opened her mouth there was a bloody host inside.[32] In the summer of 1968, Antonio Romero, Manuel Fernández, José Navarro, Antonio Anillos and Arsenia Llanos also said they suffered mystical ecstasies there.[33]

On 15 October 1968,

Jesuit priest there and during it María Luisa Vila said she had a vision of the Virgin (Josemaría Escrivá, founder of Opus Dei, drawn to mystical phenomenon, held a long interview with Vila who he had met previously at Jerez de la Frontera, Cádiz).[37] Later they ran into María Marín and Nectorio María who said they had a vision of Jesus Christ. After this point, Domínguez and Corral visited far more frequently.[38] There they talked with the visionaries and witnessed their ecstasies and on 14 September 1969, both declared that they had an appearance of a luminous cross.[39]

Jesus Christ
would become a prominent aspect of the Palmarians.

On 30 September 1968, Rosario Arenillas and Domínguez said they had a vision of Jesus Christ and

Pater Noster. On 10 December 1968 he also said that Joseph appeared to him. On 12 December 1969, Domínguez said he had another vision of Dominic and next to him he said he saw the Holy Face of Jesus. Then he said that Dominic had given him the message that he should expand devotion to the Holy Face, the Stations of the Cross and the reparative communion on the first Thursday of each month, to repair the outrages to the divine face of the Lord. Domínguez and Corral began to carry a portrait of the Holy Face for prayers in which ecstasy occurred.[42]

Domínguez claimed to suffer

Our Lady of Garabandal (elsewhere in Spain) on 8 February 1971, there was a reported apparition of Jesus Christ in the mastic to encourage the faithful who gathered at the farm.[48]

With the duo of Domínguez and Corral now the people most closely associated with visions at Palmar; the former the visionary stigmatist and the latter the one who wrote down, copied and distributed the information; they set about spreading the message far beyond Spain. The visions were translated into

German-speaking people (Germans, Austrians and Swiss people) being overrepresented.[52][53]

They went to Rome several times, first on 8 July 1970, where Clemente jumped over a barrier, avoiding Swiss Guard, to keel before a precession of Pope Paul VI and present a letter (taken by a priest).[54] Corral claimed later the Palmarians met with Cardinal Alfredo Ottaviani who informed Paul VI. Earlier, on 27 December 1969, they attempted to deliver a letter to the Spanish head of state, Francisco Franco, asking him to read a secret from God to the Spanish nation as part of his end-of-year speech.[54] The duo turned up at El Pardo unannounced and ad hoc meetings were not accepted, they were instead directed to deliver the letter to his private secretariat in the Palacio de Oriente.[54] Stopping off to pray at a Carmelite church on the way, Domínguez had a vision of the Virgin Mary who told him he had been deceived by the devil and to not deliver the letter.[54] Another substantial benefactor, gained during their trips to the United States, was the business woman Marguerite Mary Paul (1921–2001) from Necedah, Wisconsin and her husband.[55][51][a] By 1974 Domínguez and Corral were able to purchase the 15,000 square meter plot of land at La Alcaparroa.[56] Following an alleged apparition of Jesus Christ on 30 May 1975, the devotees of Palmar were requested to construct a sanctuary at La Alcaparroa.[57] Along with the money from donors, a loan was taken out from the Central Bank of Utrera in the name Francisco González, Carlos Girón and Manuel Alonso.[57]

Foundation of the Carmelites of the Holy Face

Coat of arms of the Carmelites of the Holy Face, in common with historical usage by Carmelites.

Although there were a few ordained priests of the

brown scapular, with the images of the Holy Face of Jesus and Our Lady of Palmar.[60]

A major issue that facing the order at the beginning was that it wished to have more ordained priests and indeed consecrated bishops (both Domínguez and Corral wanted this for themselves in particular, as they were officially laymen). They could not rely on the assistance of the local ordinary, Cardinal

Society of St. Pius X and the Palmarians had a significant sympathiser within the society, in the form of Maurice Revaz,[61][b] a canon of the Swiss Abbey of Grand-Saint-Bernard who was teaching at the International Seminary of Saint Pius X at Écône, Switzerland.[62] Revaz asked Lefebvre if he would go to El Palmar de Troya for this purpose, but he declined, pointing them instead to the exiled Vietnamese Archbishop Ngô Đình Thục with the words "He is orthodox and he is not at present occupied. Go and seek him out. He will most certainly agree with your request."[63]

Archbishop Ngô Đình Thục, in full communion with the Roman Catholic Church, ordained and then consecrated clergy for the Carmelites of the Holy Face, giving them valid holy orders.

Revaz, along with the McElligotts,

anti-communist, he was in good standing in Rome[66] but increasingly disillusioned with their "diplomatic" approach to communism and started to draw closer to traditionalism in his exile. Revaz convinced Thục that the Virgin Mary sent him to render her a service and that they must leave immediately to Andalusia, he agreed and the party took a three-day car journey to El Palmar de Troya and Thục was celebrating the Pontifical High Mass there with the Carmelites of the Holy Face by Christmas Eve 1975.[60]

While in El Palmar de Troya, on 31 December 1975, without the permission of the local ordinary at Seville, Thục ordained five men of the Carmelites of the Holy Face to the priesthood,

Benedictine and had served as a parish priest in Sweden, also known as Fulgencio) and finally Michael Thomas Donnelly (1927–1982; an Irish priest from Belfast from the Company of Mary, who within two months left the Palmarians).[68]

Masonic infiltrators
.

The Vatican, through first Cardinal Bueno, then their Nuncio to Spain

Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, quickly moved against Thục and the Palmarians.[69] They did not question the validity of the orders as such, but essentially declared that they were canonically illicit or irregular, due to not having permission, that they were ipso iure suspended from exercising their powers and ipso facto excommunicated.[69][70][71] The Palmarians for their part, declared their loyalty to Pope Paul VI and argued that the claim of excommunication was illegitimate, claiming that in 1938, Pope Pius XI had granted Archbishop Thục the special power to ordain priests and bishops without requiring further permission.[72] Regardless, in the eyes of the Palmarians, the Roman Curia was categorised as being packed with masonic infiltrators, who were supposedly drugging Pope Paul VI and holding him hostage in the Vatican. In relation to this, Domínguez had another vision in January 1976, where it is claimed Jesus Christ told him to consecrate more bishops and create an episcopal college for Pope Paul VI to come and govern the church from El Palmar de Troya.[73] With Thục now fading into the background, the Palmarians under their own initiative between the years 1976 and 1978 had consecrated 91 additional bishops (mostly Irish and Spaniards, over 40% split almost evenly between these two nationalities, with the rest from mostly German-speaking Europe, as well as English, Nigerians, Argentines, Australians and many more different nations).[73]

In May 1976, a major incident occurred while five Palmarian bishops were returning from a trip to Derval, Brittany, France, as there was a serious automobile crash in the Basque Country.[74] The glass from the windshield shattered and went into the eyes of the General of the Order, Domínguez. Not only was he completely blinded by the incident, but the damage was such that he had to have his eyeballs surgically removed at San Sebastián hospital.[74] The party had gone to Derval to deal with a crisis where a couple of Palmarian bishops there had gone across to the mystic, Pierre Poulain. According to the Palmarians, the devil attacked the car, after Poulain cast a black magic spell on his rival Domínguez.[73] The Spanish media began to call him the "blind-seer." After months of silence, Domínguez reported a vision of Jesus Christ in September 1976, in which Christ is quoted as saying "No one should think that the palm-tree is lying down. It is more upright than ever because victory is found in the passion and crucifixion. Then comes the resurrection."[75] Christ is then quoted as saying that he is preparing Domínguez to be a future Pope.[75] God had thus allowed the blinding as a trial, a test of faith and a cross to bear, if he prevailed, he would prove himself worthy of the Papacy.[75]

Jean Villot, Cardinal Giovanni Benelli, Cardinal Sebastian Baggio, Cardinal Poletti,—and among others there also stands out Casaroli, of the Vatican's diplomatic service, the great traitor, who opened the gates for satanical dialogue with the Marxists. Pope Saint Paul VI is not guilty of the heresies introduced, since he was coerced and drugged. Also the holy Pontiff's signature was forged, and in addition, falsified documents were promulgated. The Masons and other infiltrated heretics in the Roman Curia reached the point of destroying the Catholic Mass, changing it and putting in its place the heretical Mass of the great Mason and traitor Bugnini.

We give guarantee and assurance, pledging Our word in the name of Christ, that the life of Pope Saint Paul VI was exemplary and virtuous. This holy Pope gave himself up completely to prayer and penance, and, of course, to continual self-sacrifice, his pontificate having been a sorrowful ascent to Calvary. This holy Pope was vilely murdered by the traitors of the Roman Curia.

— Pope Gregory XVII, Twenty-Fourth Document, 24 October 1978.[76]

The Holy See at El Palmar de Troya

Reign of Pope Gregory XVII the Very Great

Clemente Domínguez
claimed to have been mystically crowned Pope of the Catholic Church by Jesus Christ in an apparition. He took the name Pope Gregory XVII.

Pope Paul VI died on 6 August 1978 and according to the Palmarians (who consider him a

Prophesy of the Popes, a Christian apocalyptic writing.[78]

After returning to

marxist spy" who infiltrated the church as a youth, stating in addition, "we hurl excommunication also at all followers of this Antipope").[76] The reigns of Pope Gregory XVII in El Palmar de Troya and John Paul II in the Vatican were closely synchronised, both lasting from 1978 until 2005.[79][82] These Roman "Antipopes" were called precursors of the Antichrist by the Palmarians.[79]

My son: now you can see how rotten and corrupt the official church, the

Holy Ghost. It is no longer possible to be Roman, as the Holy See has been moved by the order of Christ.

— Message of an alleged apparition of the Virgin Mary to Pope Gregory XVII, Chapel of Our Lady of the Miraculous Medal, Paris, 9 August 1979.[83]
Manuel Alonso Corral
), later Pope Peter II, was the intellect behind presenting much of Palmarian dogma, including at the First Palmarian Council.

From 1978 until 1997, Palmarian Church leadership consisted of the following: Pope Gregory XVII at the very top, with the role of

Alfred Seiwert-Fleige (who took the religious name Athanasius). Domínguez and twelve Cardinals in 1979 made an apostolic journey from El Palmar de Troya to the Holy Land, passing through places outside of Spain which had a significant number of Palmarian faithful such as Switzerland, Austria, Germany, Liechtenstein, France, Great Britain and Ireland.[79]

Between 1978 and 1980, a total of forty-seven pontifical documents were published, before the opening of the First Palmarian Council. These covered the

Holy Ghost convoked the Second Vatican Council, he was expelled from it by the majority of apostate bishops who were agents of freemasonry and even though some Catholic truths were present in the documents, due to Pope Paul VI being "drugged" and questions as to the authenticity of his signature on the documents, these aspects alone "invalidates the Council."[76]

María de Jesús de Ágreda, author of the Mystical City of God. The writings of the Spanish mystic from the Conceptionists
, influenced the doctrinal works of the First Palmarian Council.

Within the Palmarian Catholic Church, the First Palmarian Council (1980–1992) is recognised as the 21st

Anna Katharina Emmerich (1774–1824).[88]

A significant incident occurred on 19 May 1982, which furthered the conflict between Palmarians and the outside world. Pope Gregory XVII and a number of Palmarian bishops were visiting the Basilica of the Annunciation of Our Lady of

holy relics and images, but for members of "apostate, heretical and schismatic churches", such powers were now withdrawn, veiled to them and they could derive no supernatural value.[90] They also declared that outside of the Palmarian Catholic Church, all powers of bishops, presbyters and deacons were now withdrawn by Pope Gregory XVII, meaning that outside of the Palmarian Church, no other alleged clergyman with holy orders could validly claim to exercise their power or have the right to legitimately perform any act of priestly ministry, including those pertaining to the holy sacraments of the Church.[1]

The Sacred History and the Great Expulsion

Prophet Elias
, who told him that errors had been introduced into the Bible over centuries and needed to be "purified."

The Church leadership was shaken in 1997, as the number three and four in the Palmarian hierarchy: the Vice-Secretary, Fr. Elias (Carmelo Pacheco Sánchez) and Fr. Leandro (Camilo Estévez Puga) had died within two months of each other (Pacheco died in an automobile incident, hit by a truck). With this the Pope lost two of his stalwart supporters and most trusted advisors, which effected him deeply.

Latin Vulgate, traditionally accepted by the Catholic Church) and that its contents must be reworked to "remove errors".[92]
The process in which this new Bible, later to be called Sacred History or Holy Palmarian Bible (2001), would be developed, was known as the Second Palmarian Council and it ran from between 1995 and 2002.

As part of this reviewing process, members of the Palmarian Church, including the clergy, were asked to hand in their old Catholic bibles to be destroyed (which some opposed, saying that if they did so they could not even study Treatise of the Mass, which references it throughout).[93][94] During this time, there had been a decline in numbers in the Palmarian Church and even among those who remained a significant number of believers, both religious (bishops and nuns) and sympathetic laymen, began to quietly doubt the Pope's mental health and conduct, questioning in particular the orthodoxy of the proposals of the Second Palmarian Council on the Bible (to be replaced with the "Sacred History") and other aspects, considering them rash changes.[91][95] This group also raised concerns about the more intense application of the Palmarian Moral Code, which they accused of moving the Palmarian Church away from the traditional moral and pastoral Catholic theology to a coercive rigorism, which induced extreme scrupulosity and forced family members to cut off all communications (i.e. - social shunning) with those who had been "legitimately excommunicated", rather than seeking their reconciliation.[96][97]

Pope Gregory XVII in his later reign called himself the "Apocalyptic Noah" and compared the numerically reduced, but defiant remnant, the Palmarian Church, to the Ark of Salvation.

As the Palmarian Catholic Church had moved toward the new millennium, the first signs of an internal issue had begun to emerge on 30 March 1995, as the Palmarian Cardinalate was suppressed, meaning there would not be a

coup", the Pope proclaimed on 24 October 2000, that Fr. Isidore (Corral) was to be his Papal successor.[99]

Finally, on the 5 November 2000, the matter of the dissidents came to a head: eighteen Palmarian bishops and seven Palmarian nuns were anathematised and excommunicated, expelled from the property and declared ex-Palmarian.

sedevacantist, claiming that the Pope had fallen into error and lost the Chair of St. Peter.[97][101] Some even set up in Paraguay for a while.[102] Others, such as, Ex-Fr. Guido (Robert McCormack) and Ex-Fr. Dámaso (Juan Marquez), moved away from Palmarianism completely, declaring it a fraud and accusing the Church of perpetuating psychological abuse, with the dawning of the internet became vocal anti-Palmarian activists.[103][104]

Palmarian Catholic Church in the new millennium

The Cathedral-Basilica of Our Crowned Mother of Palmar, the headquarters of the Palmarian Church, was completed in 2014.

Pope Peter II died on July 15, 2011, after a long illness.[105] Pope Peter II was succeeded in 2011 by his Secretary of State, Fr. Sergio María (born Ginés Jesús Hernández), who took the name Pope Gregory XVIII.[106][107] Earlier known as a hardliner, making several disciplinary rules on the community much stricter, towards the end of his papacy, he abolished some of them. For example, he allowed Palmarians to smoke, to go to the cinema (although immoral and pornographic films were still banned) and to talk to non-Palmarian people (as long as they had never been part of the church, not ex-Palmarians).[108]

Pope Gregory XVIII abdicated from his Papacy on 22 April 2016 to marry a Palmarian nun, Nieves Trivedi and was succeeded on 23 April 2016 by Fr. Eliseo María (born Joseph Odermatt), who was previously Pope Gregory XVIII's Secretary of State.[109] A Swiss Palmarian and the first non-Spanish Palmarian Pope, he took Pope Peter III as his papal name.[110] Following his abdication, Ex-Pope Hernández told El País that he had apostatised from the Palmarian Catholic faith and claimed that the Palmarian Church "was all a hoax from the beginning" to profit from believers and supporters of the alleged apparitions of Our Lady of Palmar,[111][112]

Pope Peter III, fourth pope and primate of the Palmarian Christian Church

His successor, Pope Peter III, published an encyclical letter in response, in which he accused Ex-Pope Gregory XVIII of discrediting his former church in his interview and of stealing two million euros from the Palmarian Catholic Church, alongside several goods (including the Popemobile, a BMW X6): he subsequently declared him an apostate, excommunicated him and declared all of his acts to be null and void. Ex-Pope Gregory XVIII denied the charges of stealing.[113] He and his wife subsequently reconciled with the Vatican, as a layman.[111] Pope Peter III disbanded the Papal Guard Corps instituted by his predecessor, deeming it unnecessary for his security.[114] In 2018 he travelled to the United States for the first time.[115] During his office, the Palmarian Christian Church established an online presence for the first time, opening a website and accounts on Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, Pinterest and a channel on YouTube.[116][117]

In 2020, Ex-Pope Gregory XVIII was interviewed by El Confidencial: during the interview he accused the Palmarian Christian Church of possessing large quantities of cash and even weapons in some hidden places of the Cathedral-Basilica of Our Crowned Mother of Palmar; he also regretted not disbanding the Palmarian Church while he was in charge, but predicted that it would soon collapse on its own.[118]

In January 2021, during the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain, it was reported that there were 70 positives, including 4 deaths, within the church premises. The rate of COVID-19 cases in El Palmar was 3,713 cases/100,000 inhabitants, triggering confinement measures for the town in spite of the reduced contact between the church members and the rest of the town.[119][120] In September 2021, the Palmarian Catholic Church introduced new rules that made the wearing of anti-COVID masks compulsory to attend Mass.[121]

Doctrine

Eschatology

Main articles:
Last Judgement
Last Judgement
, where all mankind will be judged and their final, eternal destination (heaven or hell) decided.

As with the

Church Militant waits here for the final battle against Antichrist. Likewise, the godless are sent to the Planet of Lucifer, where they are under the leadership of Satan, awaiting the final battle.[122] In the afterlife, following death, heaven, hell, purgatory and limbo are understood as different states, rather than physical locations.[122]

Supposedly, before the

33rd degree Freemasons.[122]

Sacred Heart by José de Páez. According to the Palmarian Church, upon the final judgement, the elect are directly enthroned into the Sacred Heart of Jesus Christ.

The Church teaches a chronology of the apocalypse, based on the

False Messiah appears to be a man, but is literally Satan in the flesh and will persecute the true believers (the Palmarians). An epic final battle, the Armageddon, between Good and Evil will take place on Earth, whereby the inhabitants of the Planet of Mary and Planet of Lucifer return to fight for their respective sides. The wicked lose the contest and are cast into hell.[122]

The Palmarian Church teaches that, not long after this conflict, the

final judgement of each individual human being takes place. He returns at Jerusalem, but is visible from all over the world.[122] At the conclusion of the final judgement, there will be only two destinations; the just, the elect who are saved, will be directly enthroned into the Sacred Heart of Christ and will live in glory in a blissful and heavenly state forever. Meanwhile, the wicked and the damned are enthroned into the dark heart of Satan, where they are to burn in hell, body and soul, tormented by demons for all eternity.[122]

Traditions

Documents and texts

Within the Palmarian Church, building on from the pre-1978

Papal documents of Pope Gregory XVII, released between 1978 and 1980 (every Pope since has released documents, but these in particular are considered pivotal), the Palmarian Creed (1980), the Treatise of the Mass (1992) which was the end product of the First Palmarian Council and the Sacred History or Holy Palmarian Bible (2000-2001), the end product of the Second Palmarian Council, a reworking of the Catholic Bible.[123] In addition to this, there is a Palmarian Catechism,[124]
which lays out the teachings for the faithful and a Palmarian Devotionary, which lays out the central pious practices and modes of worship.

As explained by professor Magnus Lundberg (Uppsala University), in 1997 Clemente Domínguez claimed that Elijah had appeared to him, claiming that the current Bible is "filled with errors that had been introduced by Judeo-Masonic groups through the centuries" and that it was his mission to revise it. Therefore, after 4 years of work, the Holy Palmarian Bible was published in five volumes in 2001, followed by a smaller two-volumes versions and an illustrated version for children. According to Lundberg, the changes were "dramatic": entire parts of the biblical books were omitted and numerous parts are "almost unrecognizable due to the allegorical and apocalyptical interpretations, which Gregory [i.e. Clemente Domínguez] claimed reflected the original intentions of the divine author. All of this makes the work very different from the traditional Bibles, both in structure and content" states Lundberg.[125] The Bible used by the Palmarian Christian Church is not available in public libraries. In 2018 Lundberg scanned one of the English versions and later published it on his blog.[125]

Holy Sacrifice of the Mass

Calvário by André Reinoso. For Palmarians, the Holy Mass is a propitiatory sacrifice, the sacrifice of Jesus Christ at Calvary, with the Virgin Mary suffering at the foot of the Cross, not a commemorative supper.

The very first proclamation of the Pontificate of Pope Gregory XVII, on 8 August 1978, reestablished the "Holy Latin

Protestant theological precepts.[76]

On 22 July 1980, Pope Gregory XVII reported a vision in which Pope Pius V appeared and advised him to make some alterations to the Tridentine Mass that he had originally promulgated in his papal bull Quo primum. From this year onward, their Mass began to be called the "Latin-Tridentine-Palmarian Rite".[126] Finally, on 9 October 1983, the Apostolic Constitution and Dogmatic Definitions promulgated the Holy Palmarian Mass of His Holiness Pope Gregory XVII. This briefer Mass, based on the Tridentine, is concentrated to three "essential" parts; the offertory, consecration and sacrificial communion, making it around five minutes long. Therefore, Palmarian Catholic clergy do not celebrate an individual Mass, but numerous turns of Masses.[126] The underlying reason for this revision, was that with so few Catholic priests in the world celebrating valid Masses, because of the introduction of the "illegitimate" (in Palmarian eyes) Novus Ordo and with so much atonement to God to be made for the sins of corrupted humanity, reducing the Holy Sacrifice of the Mass to its bare essentials would enable the sacrificing priesthood to be able to say many Masses consecutively. This was inlight of the First Palmarian Council and the Treatise on the Mass.

According to Palmarian doctrine, the body, soul and blood of Christ is present in the consecrated bread and wine. In addition to this, the Virgin Mary is spiritually and really present in the Holy Eucharist, as her suffering at the foot of the cross is seen as an essential component of the sacrifice of Calvary, which the Mass is as a propitiatory sacrifice. To communicate a person must be in a state of grace; otherwise, it constitutes a sacrilege. Communion should only be taken on the tongue and the recipient must be kneeling when receiving the sacrament. The communion of the faithful is only received in one species; they only receive the Eucharistic bread. If due to long distances to the nearest Palmarian priest, it is not possible to attend Mass, the faithful should pray a penitential rosary instead. According to the precepts of the church, Palmarians should take communion at least every third month, but almost all Masses in the Basilica in El Palmar de Troya are celebrated without lay people taking communion. Still, if in a state of grace, a layperson is allowed to communicate several times per day.[126]

Organisation

Papacy and patriarchate

Main articles: Holy See and List of popes
See also: Papal supremacy and Papal infallibility
keys of St. Peter
, features on all official Palmarian Papal documents.

The Palmarian Church considers the Patriarchate of El Palmar de Troya to be the current

Jesus Christ mystically elevated Clemente Domínguez to the papacy as Pope Gregory XVII and from this point on the Holy See has been located in El Palmar de Troya. The full title used by the Palmarian Pope is "Sovereign Pontiff, Vicar of Christ, Successor of Saint Peter, Servant of the servants of God, Patriarch of El Palmar de Troya, Herald of the Lord God of Hosts, Aflame with the Zeal of Elias." Other titles used by the Palmarian Pontiff include "King of the Universe", "Caudillo" and the "Great Tagus."[127]

To date, there have been four Popes in El Palmar de Troya and the current incumbent is

conclave
.

No. Portrait Papal name Personal name
(Birth–Death) 		Epithet Pontificate
263 (Catholic)
1 (Palmarian) 		Gregory XVII Clemente Domínguez y Gómez
(1946–2005) 		de Glória Olívæ
(Glory of the Olive) 		15 August 1978 – 22 March 2005
(26 years)
264 (Catholic)
2 (Palmarian) 		Peter II Manuel Alonso Corral
(1934–2011) 		de Cruce Apocalýptica
(Of the Apocalyptic Cross) 		22 March 2005 – 15 July 2011
(6 years)
265 (Catholic)
3 (Palmarian) 		Gregory XVIII Sergio María Ginés Jesús Hernández y Martinez
(1959–) 		Recéptor Christi
(Receiver of Christ) 		23 July 2011 – 22 April 2016
(5 years)
266 (Catholic)
4 (Palmarian) 		Peter III Joseph Odermatt
(1966–) 		de Glória Ecclésiæ
(Glory of the Church) 		23 April 2016 – present
(7 years)

Clergy

In a sermon delivered in August 2011, then Pope Gregory XVIII said that the Palmarian Church had between 1,000 and 1,500 members, but in the following years many were excommunicated. In 2015 the number of bishops was probably down to about 30 and the number of nuns were around 30. According to Magnus Lundberg, "except for at the very beginning, most new members were children of Palmarian couples and not people coming from outside". As of 2015[update], 32 bishops remained out of 192 men who were consecrated as bishops between 1976 and 2015, according to Lundberg.[128]: 27 

centro centro centro
Pope Bishop Priest, Deacon

Headquarters

The church's walled compound, near the village of El Palmar de Troya, surrounds the

altars.[129]: 4, 32–33, 36 [130]

Members

Church Militant

Main articles:
Church Militant and Miles Christianus

As of 2016, the Palmarian Church had 32 bishops, 60 priests, 40 nuns and approximately 1,500 lay members.

Lima, Pisco, Piura & Santa Rosa), in Venezuela, in Nigeria (Abatete, Abuja, Akpim, Asaba, Awkuzu, Enugu, Ihitta Ogada, Lagos & Nguru Mbaise), Kenya (Nguru Dawida, Ngange Nyika, Taveta, Migwani & Wudany), in the Philippines (San Ramón) & in Brazil (Aracaju, Atibaia, Buerarema, Belo Horizonte, Ilhéus, Passo Fundo, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo & Vitória).[132]

Church Triumphant

Main articles:
Church Triumphant, and Intercession of saints
Padre Pio was the first saint canonised by the Palmarian Catholic Church after 1978. He played an important role in the early appraitions of 1968 associated with Clemente.

The Palmarian Catholic Church counts among the

beatified by previous Pontiffs. The first document dedicated to a Palmarian Papal canonisation proclaimed by the Palmarian Church was that of Padre Pio in the Tenth Document of Pope Gregory XVII on 12 September 1978.[133][76] Many more canonisations have taken place since, particularly between 1978 and 1980, mostly within the Papal documents of Pope Gregory XVII.[76] The most complete recorded collection of names of Palmarian saints is covered in the Palmarian Lives of the Saints (2012).[133]

Among those proclaimed saints by the Palmarian Church, include a large number of previous Popes, including the following from modern times:

Discovery of the Americas, led by the Spanish Empire (the entire Twenty-Eighth Document of Pope Gregory XVII is dedicated to this).[76]

One large category of people who were canonised, literally hundreds of named people, are the

crusade, Pope Gregory XVII stated that not everybody who died on the nationalist side was a martyr or motivated by the defence of Christianity.[136] In 1980, the Palmarian Church declared that Francisco Franco was now a co-patron saint of Spain, alongside James the Great and Teresa of Ávila.[133]

Anna Katharina Emmerich was canonised and declared a Doctor of the Church
. Her Marian visionary works were a significant factor in influencing Palmarian doctrine.

There were other large groups of people who were canonised from certain periods of history, including an "innumerable" group of

Martyrs of Indochina (including Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia). The Martyrs of the French Revolution are listed, including a large number of people who were killed by the revolutionaries around the time of the War in the Vendée and in the September Massacres, as well as the Martyrs of Orange.[76]
Saints from modern times canonised by the Palmarians includes:
Anna Katharina Emmerich, Marie Julie Jahenny, Anna Maria Taigi, the seers of Fátima (Francisco and Jacinta Marto), the seers of La Salette (Maximin Giraud and Mélanie Calvat), as well as the medieval Ramon Llull.[76]

An

internet hoax claiming that the Palmarians had canonised Adolf Hitler originated on a fabricated Palmarian blogging site and was disseminated through Wikipedia and other media;[137] the Palmarian Catholic Church has denied the claim.[138] According to the religious studies scholar Magnus Lundberg, the leadership of the Palmarian Catholic Church treat the continued spread of the hoax as evidence that the media and the internet have been coopted by enemies of the church.[137]

Social and cultural issues

Pronouncements on political philosophies

Main articles:
Judeo-Masonic conspiracy
Part of a series on
Integralism
Vendéen Sacred Heart
Concepts
Variants
Thinkers
Politicians
Works
Organizations
See also

The Palmarian Church has made public statements in Papal documents on various political philosophies and where relevant, has condemned what it holds as contradicting the Catholic faith and an

Mystical Body of Christ.[76]

Teresa Benedicta of the Cross.[76]

We declare that capitalism is brother of marxism. Both fight against God. Both corrupt the world. Both poison mankind. Capitalism and marxism are the two extremes which meet at the apex: both are works of masonry, and masonry is the work of Satan. As we know, Satan is the ape of God. As he is an ape, he apes the things of God for his own benefit. God has founded the Church, One, Holy, Catholic and Apostolic, which forms the Mystical Body of Christ. Satan has founded masonry, in which are incorporated marxists, capitalists, protestants and other heretical sects. All this apparatus forms one Mystical Satanic Body called Sionism, to which pertain the perfidious Jews, the deicide race, accursed.

— Pope Gregory XVII, 24 October 1978.[76]

Teachings on non-Palmarian religions

The reconquest of Seville by St. Ferdinand III (Pope Gregory XVII claimed to be a lineal descendant and took his priestly name from him). The documents of the Palmarian Church teach that it is opposed to God to permit the "adoration of false gods or the practice of false religions."

In stark contrast to post-Vatican II Rome, the Palmarian Church is strongly opposed to

Protestants) and schismatics. It admits, that, of all sects outside of the Catholic Church, the Orthodox are doctrinally the closest, but contain errors, that they need to accept the filioque and that they should be called the "Heterdox Church" until they change this and unite themselves under the universal jurisdiction of Supreme Pontiff at El Palmar de Troya.[76]
A particularly strong scorn for ex-Palmarians and "Apostate Rome" is present throughout their teachings (both portrayed as villainous traitors).

In the Second Vatican Council, of unhappy memory for the Church, was promulgated the cursed law of religious liberty in open opposition to Holy Scripture, in flagrant contradiction to the common teaching of the great and holy Doctors, in brazen contempt of the Infallible Magisterium of the Church. This cursed and monstrous law of religious liberty is opposed to the definitions of innumerable predecessors of Ours. Speaking of contumacious heretics, Saint John the Evangelist says: "With heretics, do not break bread." These words of God suffice to invalidate and anathematize the law of religious liberty promulgated by the Second Vatican Council.

— Pope Gregory XVII, Thirty-Seventh Document.[76]

Non-Christian worldviews and religious teachings such as

Sephardim and now that had been superseded by the New Covenant of Jesus Christ, the Spanish nation remained loyal to God as the zealous bulwark of the One, Holy, Catholic and Apostolic Church through the Reconquista, into the Counter-Reformation, fending off Protestantism and Freemasonry, and now had been gifted the Papacy at El Palmar de Troya, after the apostasy of Rome itself.[85]

The Palmarian Church claims that the Pope has supreme spiritual power and

Pope Hadrian IV had granted Ireland to England as an evangelising power, but the moment the English Crown fell into heresy, it forever lost sovereignty over her and now "since Ireland has no Catholic King, the Pope holds direct power over her until he provides a Catholic king."[76]

Notes

  1. ^ Although compared to their presence in Europe and Latin America (as well as later Africa), the Palmarian following in the United States was modest in terms of numbers, they had a localised spike in Wisconsin. In 1949, at Necedah there had been Marian apparitions witnessed by Mary Ann Van Hoof (1909–1984), which the Vatican did not accept. Thus a groundwork had been prepared before the Palmarians arrived in the town. The Necedah Shrine, known officially as Queen of the Holy Rosary, Mediatrix of Peace Shrine, exists in the town.
  2. ^ Revaz, interested in mythical theories, shared the same belief as the Palmarians on the status of Pope Paul VI: not only was he a true Pope, but a great victim soul, who was being held hostage in the Vatican by the freemasons who had supposedly infiltrated the Curia. In this conspiratorial telling, these freemasons were supposedly drugging the Pope and in some cases forging his signature on heterodox documents, including for the New Mass. He even proposed to Lefebvre a "mission" to rescue the Pope, but this was dismissed.Lundberg 2020, p. 74

See also

References

  1. ^ a b Palmarian Church. (2023). Who Are We?. Palmarian Church
  2. ^ "¿El declive de los falsos Papas?". El Correo de Andalucía. 23 July 2011.
  3. ^ Lundberg, Magnus (2015). "Palmar de Troya: Holy Catholic Apostolic Palmarian Church" (PDF). Partnership for Understanding World Religions and Spirituality at Virginia Commonwealth University. Richmond, VA. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-04-06.
  4. ^ "Palmar de Troya Support Mission". palmardetroya.org. 23 July 2011.
  5. ^ "Palmarians". Dialogue Ireland. 20 February 2024.
  6. ^ "Las 10 cosas que debes saber sobre la iglesia del Palmar de Troya". 29 June 2016.
  7. ^ a b Lundberg 2016, p. 114.
  8. ^ Lundberg 2016, p. 115.
  9. ^ a b Lundberg 2020, p. 29.
  10. ^ Lundberg 2020, p. 32.
  11. ^ Lundberg 2020, p. 33.
  12. ^ Lundberg 2020, p. 35.
  13. ^ Lundberg 2020, p. 36.
  14. ^ Lundberg 2020, p. 39.
  15. ^ Lundberg 2020, p. 42.
  16. ^ Lundberg 2020, p. 41.
  17. ^ Lundberg 2020, p. 40.
  18. ^ a b Lundberg 2020, p. 14.
  19. ^ a b Lundberg 2020, p. 15.
  20. ^ Lundberg 2020, p. 16.
  21. ^ Lundberg 2020, p. 17.
  22. ^ a b c d Lundberg 2020, p. 44.
  23. ^ Lundberg 2020, p. 45.
  24. ^ Lundberg 2020, p. 74.
  25. ^ Lundberg 2020, p. 47.
  26. ^ Gómez Burón & Martín Alonso 1976, p. 42.
  27. ^ "Clemente Domínguez, el 'Papa' de El Palmar de Troya". El Mundo. 22 March 2005.
  28. ^ Gómez Burón & Martín Alonso 1976, p. 37.
  29. ^ "El barroco asunto de El Palmar de Troya: Un aluvión de apariciones". José Jiménez Lozano. 9 May 1976.
  30. ^ "Las Supuestas apariciones del Palmar de Troya". ABC. 14 April 1968.
  31. ^ a b Gómez Burón & Martín Alonso 1976, p. 38.
  32. ^ Gómez Burón & Martín Alonso 1976, p. 40.
  33. ^ Gómez Burón & Martín Alonso 1976, p. 39.
  34. ^ Gómez Burón & Martín Alonso 1976, p. 64.
  35. ^ Gómez Burón & Martín Alonso 1976, p. 65.
  36. ^ Hall, Maria. (2016). The Palmarian Church: New Rome or Fanatical Sect?. Patheos
  37. ^ Infante, Jésus. (2002). Turbosantidad del Fundador del Opus Dei. Opus Libros
  38. ^ Gómez Burón & Martín Alonso 1976, p. 57.
  39. ^ Gómez Burón & Martín Alonso 1976, p. 58.
  40. ^ Gómez Burón & Martín Alonso 1976, p. 59.
  41. ^ Gómez Burón & Martín Alonso 1976, p. 60.
  42. ^ a b Gómez Burón & Martín Alonso 1976, p. 62.
  43. ^ Gómez Burón & Martín Alonso 1976, p. 77.
  44. ^ Gómez Burón & Martín Alonso 1976, p. 103.
  45. ^ Gómez Burón & Martín Alonso 1976, pp. 108, 109 & 111.
  46. ^ Gómez Burón & Martín Alonso 1976, p. 84.
  47. ^ a b Anta, Christina. (2020). El Palmar de Troya: la divina estafa. El Confidencial
  48. ^ Gómez Burón & Martín Alonso 1976, p. 80.
  49. ^ a b Lundberg 2020, p. 58.
  50. ^ Lundberg 2020, p. 59.
  51. ^ a b Moisés Garrido Vázquez (March 2008). "El Palmar de Troya: Cuatro décadas de integrismo mariano" (PDF). Misterios y fenómenos insólitos (84).
  52. ^ Lundberg 2020, p. 107.
  53. ^ Lundberg 2020, p. 108.
  54. ^ a b c d Perlado, Miguel (1976). El barroco asunto del Palmar de Troya. HemeroSectas
  55. ^ The Daily Tribune (Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin) (2001). Marguerite Paul Obituary. The Daily Tribune
  56. ^ Lundberg 2020, p. 60.
  57. ^ a b Gómez Burón & Martín Alonso 1976, p. 96.
  58. ^ Lundberg 2020, p. 69.
  59. ^ a b Lundberg 2020, p. 70.
  60. ^ a b c d e Lundberg 2020, p. 71.
  61. ^ Rider, Nick. (2014). Journeys to the Bizarre: the Basilica of Palmar de Troya. Nick-Rider.com
  62. ^ Lundberg 2020, p. 72.
  63. ^ a b Lundberg 2020, p. 75.
  64. ^ Chase, Thomas W. (1993). Tridentine Rite Conference and Its Schismatic Cousins, The (Part 1). Fidelity Magazine
  65. ^ Lundberg 2020, p. 73.
  66. ^ Thompson, Damian. (2017). Cult classic. The Spectator
  67. ^ Garrido Vázquez 2010, p. 155.
  68. ^ Lundberg 2020, p. 76.
  69. ^ a b Lundberg 2020, p. 77.
  70. ^ Lundberg 2020, p. 78.
  71. Vatican.va
    . Retrieved on 9 November 2023.
  72. ^ "Ordinations and Consecrations in El Palmar de Troya" (PDF). Palmarian Church. Retrieved on 9 November 2023.
  73. ^ a b c Lundberg 2020, p. 83.
  74. ^ a b Lundberg 2020, p. 82.
  75. ^ a b c Lundberg 2020, p. 85.
  76. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae "The Pontifical Documents of His Holiness Pope Gregory XVII" (PDF). Magnus Lundberg. 2017-08-29. Retrieved 2023-10-18.
  77. ^ Lundberg 2020, p. 87.
  78. ^ a b c Lundberg 2020, p. 88.
  79. ^ a b c d Lundberg 2020, p. 89.
  80. ^ Lundberg 2020, p. 84.
  81. ^ Kosloski, Philip. (2022). Why John Paul I refused a papal coronation ceremony. Aleteia
  82. ^ Eduardo del Campo. "Y Clemente ascendió a «sus» cielos". El Mundo Crónica, 27 March 2005, Nº 493.
  83. ^ a b Lundberg 2020, p. 90.
  84. ^ a b Lundberg 2020, p. 94.
  85. ^ a b c Lundberg 2020, p. 91.
  86. ISBN 9780810861947
    . The church has also canonized Francisco Franco, Josemaría Escrivá de Balaguer y Albas, Christopher Columbus, and Paul VI.
  87. ^ a b Lundberg 2020, p. 202.
  88. ^ Lundberg 2020, p. 207.
  89. ^ a b c Lundberg 2020, p. 224.
  90. ^ Lundberg 2020, p. 225.
  91. ^ a b Lundberg 2020, p. 124.
  92. ^ Lundberg 2020, p. 123.
  93. ^ "Palmarian History or Palmarian Bible!". El Palmar de Troya en Archidona. Retrieved on 9 November 2023.
  94. ^ a b Lundberg 2020, p. 125.
  95. ^ "A Guide of Reference to Some of the Errors in the Heretical Palmarian Bible or Palmarian History". El Palmar de Troya en Archidona. Retrieved on 9 November 2023.
  96. ^ "The Pope is Sick? Unbalanced? The Possibility Objectively Considered in the Light of Events Since 1995". El Palmar de Troya en Archidona. Retrieved on 9 November 2023.
  97. ^ a b "What We Believe". El Palmar de Troya en Archidona. Retrieved on 9 November 2023.
  98. ^ a b Lundberg 2020, p. 126.
  99. ^ a b Lundberg 2020, p. 131.
  100. ^ a b Lundberg 2020, p. 127.
  101. ^ Lundberg 2020, p. 128.
  102. ^ Lundberg 2020, p. 129.
  103. ^ Lundberg 2020, p. 130.
  104. ^ "Un ex Cardenal de El Palmar habla de estafa, abuso psicológico y sexo en la secta". Confidencial Andaluz. Retrieved on 9 November 2023.
  105. ^ "Recent Popes – Iglesia Cristiana Palmariana". www.palmarianchurch.org. Retrieved 2019-04-17.
  106. ^ "Who is the new 'Pope' of the Palmarians?". The Olive Press. Retrieved on 9 November 2023.
  107. ^ "The Current Status of Catholic Sedevacantism and Antipopes (2009)". PierLuigi Zoccatelli. Retrieved on 9 November 2023.
  108. ^ Lundberg, Magnus (2016-05-01) [first posted 2016-04-22]. "The Palmarian Pope has resigned and is succeeded by Peter III". magnuslundberg.net (blog). Uppsala, Sweden: Magnus Lundberg. Archived from the original on 2016-05-03. Retrieved 2016-05-03. (Content has been added since the first posted date)
  109. ^ "Inside Spain's Right-Wing Rebel Catholic Cult". The Daily Beast. Retrieved on 9 November 2023.
  110. ^ "His Holiness Pope Peter III – Iglesia Cristiana Palmariana". www.palmarianchurch.org. Retrieved 2019-04-17.
  111. ^
    ISSN 1134-6582
    . Retrieved 2021-11-29.
  112. ^ Martín-Arroyo, Javier (2016-05-26). "The Palmarian Catholic Church: a lie that lasted 40 years". EL PAÍS English Edition. Retrieved 2021-11-29.
  113. ISSN 1134-6582
    . Retrieved 2021-11-29.
  114. ^ Lundberg, Magnus (2016). "Papal Management by Fear:The Palmarian Pontificate of Gregory XVIII (2011-2016)" (PDF).
  115. ^ "O Papa Pedro III – Iglesia Cristiana Palmariana". www.igrejapalmariana.org. Retrieved 2021-11-29.
  116. ^ "Iglesia Catolica Palmariana". www.palmarianchurch.org. Retrieved 2021-11-29.
  117. ^ "Palmarian Internet Presence". Magnus Lundberg. 2020-01-23. Retrieved 2021-11-29.
  118. ^ Ruso, Pepe Barahona;Fernando (2020-02-19). "La confesión del papa Ginés: "Me arrepiento de no haber acabado con el Palmar de Troya"". elconfidencial.com (in Spanish). Retrieved 2021-11-29.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  119. ^ "Un cura fallecido, 34 infectados y 100 confinados por Covid-19 en la Iglesia del Palmar de Troya". Huelva Hoy. Retrieved on 9 November 2023.
  120. ^ Cabanillas, Fermín (22 January 2021). "Un brote en la secta del Palmar de Troya dispara los contagios en el municipio y le obliga a confinarse". ElDiario.es (in Spanish). Retrieved 22 January 2021.
  121. ^ "Visiting the Cathedral – Iglesia Cristiana Palmariana". www.palmarianchurch.org. Retrieved 2022-01-17.
  122. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Lundberg, Magnus (2016). The Palmarian Church and the End of the World: Apocalypse Soon. MagnusLundberg.net
  123. ^ Lundberg, Magnus (2018). Palmarian Sources. MagnusLundberg.net
  124. ^ Lundberg, Magnus (2017). Text of the Palmarian Catechism. MagnusLundberg.net
  125. ^ a b "The Text of the Palmarian Bible". Magnus Lundberg. 2018-04-07. Retrieved 2022-01-17.
  126. ^ a b c "The Palmarian Order of Mass". Magnus Lundberg. 2017-08-29. Retrieved 2023-10-18.
  127. ^ Câmara Dantas, Pedro Luiz. (2021). Under the Eye of the Virgin, Celebrating a Transferred Church: The Holy, Great and Dogmatic Palmarian Council (1980-1992). Academia.edu
  128. ^ Lundberg, Magnus (2015). "Modern alternative popes" (PDF). uu.diva-portal.org. Uppsala University Library. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2016-04-06. Retrieved 2016-04-06.
  129. ^ Lundberg, Magnus (c. 2015). "Palmar de Troya: Holy Catholic Apostolic Palmarian Church" (PDF). wrs.vcu.edu. Richmond, VA: Partnership for Understanding World Religions and Spirituality at Virginia Commonwealth University. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2016-04-06.
  130. ISBN 9781843530688
    .
  131. ^ As regards the bishops, from 1976 to 2005, under the pontificate of Gregory XVII, a total of 192 bishops were consecrated, but in less than thirty years 133 of them were expelled from the organisation for apostasy or voluntarily withdrew from the Palmarian Catholic Church, thus being excommunicated and losing their positions (Palmarian Catholic Church)
  132. ^ Per l'elenco delle cappelle palmariane nel mondo (PDF)
  133. ^ a b c Lundberg 2020, p. 233.
  134. Diario ABC S.L. Archived
    from the original on 2016-06-02. Retrieved 2016-04-28.
  135. ^ Martín-Arroyo, Javier (2016-05-26). "The Palmarian Catholic Church: a lie that lasted 40 years". elpais.com (English ed.). Seville, ES: El País. Archived from the original on 2016-05-27. Retrieved 2016-08-16.
  136. ^ a b c Lundberg 2020, p. 232.
  137. ^ a b Lundberg, Magnus. A Pope of their Own: El Palmar de Troya and the Palmarian Church (PDF). pp. 175–177.
  138. ^ "Lies and Calumnies". Official Website of the Order of the Carmelites of the Holy Face in company with Jesus and Mary.
  139. ^ "Catholic Fundamentalism or Catholic Integralism". Christopher J van der Krogt. 1992.

Bibliography

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Palmarian Church.

37°03′23″N 5°48′32″W / 37.05639°N 5.80889°W / 37.05639; -5.80889

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Palmarian_Christian_Church&oldid=1218146844"