Pan Painter
The Pan Painter was an ancient Greek vase-painter of the Attic red-figure style, probably active c. 480 to 450 BC. John Beazley attributed over 150 vases to his hand in 1912:
Cunning composition; rapid motion; quick deft draughtsmanship; strong and peculiar stylisation; a deliberate archaism, retaining old forms, but refining, refreshing, and galvanizing them; nothing noble or majestic, but grace, humour, vivacity, originality, and dramatic force: these are the qualities which mark the Boston krater, and which characterize the anonymous artist who, for the sake of convenience, may be called the 'master of the Boston Pan-vase', or, more briefly, 'the Pan-master'.[1]
Archaic Mannerism
Beazley identified the Pan Painter as a pupil of
Pan Painter style
While the Mannerists are marked starting in the 470s BC, some of the Pan Painter's vases have been dated around the 480s BC.[4] The Pan Painter's heads have the illusion of being smaller than they are next to the largely painted necks, small eyes and small noses. The chins, however, are strong and rounded.[2][4] The Pan Painter's restrained use of ornament and his coherent continuous compositions, however, set him apart from the Mannnerists. His assured outlines and deft handling of space and volume are "characteristic of the best of the Archaic period".[3] The Pan Painter depicted scenes from day-to-day life as well as Greek mythology, which were common subjects in red-figure painting.[5] His style used techniques from archaic painting, but he brought new aspects to the paintings.[6]
Attributed vases
Pan Painter's name-vase
His name-vase is a bell krater (in
A column krater depicting Dionysus has a careful illustration of a satyr carrying a full cup. The Pan Painter painted the hands near the bottom of the cup giving weight to the satyr's task[2] (in the MET[9]).
The oinochoe that depicts Ganymede running from Zeus while holding a rooster, a hoop and a stick contains the common theme of one character running away from another[2] (in the MET[10]).
The Attic
A pelike depicts a youth carrying furniture, likely getting ready for a symposium or during a one. On the other side is an older man holding rods in his hand, possibly ready to discipline the boy if he dropped the furniture.[7]
Other works
- Bell krater in Boston (Pan and shepherd, death of Aktaion)
- Pelike in Athens (Busiris)[4]
- Psykter in America (Apollos fighting for Marpessa)
- Lekythos in Boston (depiction of a hunter)
- Oinochoe in London (Oreithyia while her father grieves)[4]
- Hydria in London (Perseus, Medusa and Athena)
- Volute krater (with Artemis and Aktaion on one side and Dionysus and giant on other)[4]
- Pyskter (Apollo fights
- Column krater (Sacrifice at a herm)[4]
- Oinochoe (with Ganymede and possibly Zeus)[2]
- Nolan amphora (with Zeus and Ganymede)[4]
- Column krater[4] (with nude female carrying erect male genitalia)
- Bell krater (with Dionysos)[4]
- Pelike[4] (with a fisherman)
- Nolan amphora (with Nereid)[4]
- Dinos[4] (possibly a symposium scene)
- Lekythos (with Nike)[4][11]
- Lekythos (with Artemis on a white ground)[2]
- Pelike (with Perseus and gorgoneion)[4]
- Pelike (with furniture-carrier)[11]
Artists influenced by the Pan Painter
The Agrigento Painter was another Mannerist who painted a scene of Herakles and Busiris. Herakles is shown in the middle of beating another man. (in the MET[13])
The Alkimachos Painter may have been inspired by the Pan Painter because of the resemblances seen in the Greek and Amazon Nolan amphora.[2] (in the MET[14])
Notes
- .
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Richter, Gisela M.A. (1946). Attic Red-Figured Vases. London: Yale University Press. pp. 94–97, 110.
- ^ a b Beazley, J.D. (1963). Attic Red-figure Vase Painters. Oxford. p. 550.
- ^ ISBN 0-19-520155-8.
- ^ Spiteris, Tony (1965). Greek and Etruscan Painting. New York: Funk & Wagnalls. pp. 51–53.
- ^ Cook, R.M. (1960). Greek Painted Pottery. Great Britain: Methuen and Co. p. 180.
- ^ a b Buschor, Ernst. Greek Vase Painting. Great Britain: E.P. Dutton and Company. p. 137.
- ^ "Mixing-bowl Bell Krater". Museum of Fine Arts Boston. 2017. Retrieved 13 December 2017.
- ^ "Terracotta column-krater". MET Museum. 2000–2017. Retrieved 13 December 2017.
- ^ "Terracotta oinochoe: chous". MET Museum. 2000–2017. Retrieved 13 December 2017.
- ^ ISBN 0900090561.
- ^ "Fragment from a red-figure lekythos: flying Nike". Princeton Art Museum. 2017. Retrieved 13 December 2017.
- ^ "Terracotta column-krater". MET Museum. 2000–2017. Retrieved 13 December 2017.
- ^ "Terracotta Nolan neck-amphora". MET Museum. 2000–2017. Retrieved 13 December 2017.
Bibliography
- John Beazley, Attic Red-figure Vase-painters. 2nd ed., Oxford 1967.
- John Beazley. Der Pan-Maler. Berlin 1941.
- Anna Follmann. Der Pan-Maler. Bonn 1958.
- Pan-Maler. in: Lexikon Alte Kulturen. Vol 3, p. 101.
- Pan-Maler. in: Lexikon der Kunst. Vol 3, p. 716.
- Susan Woodford, An Introduction To Greek Art, London, 1987
- Amy Smith, Master of Attic Red-Figure Painting: The art and Legacy of the Pan painter, London, 2018