Panará people
Total population | |
---|---|
437 (2010)[1] | |
Regions with significant populations | |
Brazil ( Mato Grosso) | |
Languages | |
Panará, Portuguese[2] |
The Panará are an Indigenous people of Mato Grosso in the Brazilian Amazon. They farm and are hunter-gatherers.[2]
Name
They were formerly called the Kreen-Akrore. Other names for the Panará include Kreen Akarore, Kren Akarore,
Language
The Panará speak the
Origin
The Panará are the last descendants of the Southern
Contact
In 1961 a British explorer by the name of Richard Mason was killed by the Panará people while exploring a previously unexplored region, which was assured to be free of indigenous individuals.[4] The Panará people in 1967 approached a Brazilian airbase on the Cachimbo range. They were interested in the airplanes, because they believed them to be living creatures. The group was reported to be made up of women and children and non hostile, was considered a war party by the military. The soldiers were ordered to fire over the heads of the “wild Indians” and a soon landing plane was used to successfully terrify the Panará into fleeing.[4] In 1970 an expedition was formed to make contact with the Panará headed by the
Life in Xingu
On 12 January 1975, the 79 surviving members of the tribe were transferred by the government to the indigenous reserve
Twenty years later the Panará began negotiations to move home to their original territory. However, much of their old land had been degraded by prospectors,
Between 1995 and 1996, the Panará gradually moved to a new village called Nãsẽpotiti in their traditional land, and on 1 November 1996 the Justice Minister declared the Panará Indigenous Land a "permanent indigenous possession". By 2004 the number of Panará was around 250,[2] and in 2008 they were 374. In 2010 there were 437 Panará.
They have expanded to four villages in the Panara indigenous land, (2012) some have moved up river to build the village of Sõnkwêê. In (2014) Sõkârãsâ was nearing its final stage of completion. (2016) Kôtikô was built on the Ipiranga river in the opposite corner of their indigenous land. The population of the Panará people is estimated to be around 500-600 as of 2018.[4]
The Panará hunt in the Xingu with traditional methods along with the additional firearms, often favouring traditional bows and arrows when it comes to small water game. They utilize
Village Orientation and Matrilineal Structure
Households follow
In popular culture
- On Paul McCartney's 1970 album McCartney, the closing track is called "Kreen-Akrore". Alcatrazz's 1983 album No Parole from Rock 'n' Roll also contains a song, 'Kree Nakoorie'.
- They appeared in Claudio Villas Boassends the player on a mission to find them and ask them to join his park, naturally they refuse, just as he had thought.
- They were the subject of a documentary named "The Tribe That Hides From Man."
See also
- Villas Boas brothers
- Indigenous peoples in Brazil
- Xingu National Park
References
- ^ "Panará: Introduction." Povos Indígenas no Brasil. Retrieved 4 March 2012.
- ^ a b c d e "Panará." Ethnologue. Retrieved 2 March 2012.
- ISBN 0-292-79141-0
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Bardagil-Mas, Bernat. "Case and Agreement" (PDF). etnolinguistica. Retrieved 23 March 2021.
- ISBN 0-8130-0785-2
- ^ Seduced and Abandoned The Taming of Brazilian Indians pg. 8 Alcida Rita Ramos, Center of International and Comparative Studies, The University of Iowa (1995)
- PMID 23610170.
External links
- The Panará: A Story of Hope
- National Geographic: effects of logging in the Amazon Basin
- Resources on the Panará language at Etnolinguistica.Org
- The Tribe That Hides From Man (1970) YouTube documentary chronicling the search for the Kreen-Akrore prior to first contact.