Pantikapaion
(Redirected from
Panticapaeum
)Παντικάπαιον (in Ancient Greek) | |
Taurica | |
Coordinates | 45°21′3″N 36°28′7″E / 45.35083°N 36.46861°E |
---|---|
Type | Settlement |
Area | 100 ha (250 acres) |
History | |
Builder | Settlers from Miletus |
Founded | 7th or 6th century BC |
Abandoned | Approximately 370 AD |
Periods | Archaic Greek |
Cultures | Greek |
Site notes | |
Condition | Ruined |
Ownership | Public |
Public access | Yes |
Pantikapaion (
founded by Milesians in the late 7th or early 6th century BC, on a hill later named Mount Mithridat. Its ruins now lie in the modern city of Kerch
.
Early existence
During the first centuries of the city's existence, imported Greek articles predominated:
Hellenistic bowls known as the Gnathia style as well as relief wares—Megarian bowls. The city minted silver coins from the 5th century BC and gold and bronze coins from the 4th century BC.[2] At its greatest extent it occupied 100 hectares (250 acres).[3] The Hermitage and Kerch
Museums contain material from the site, which is still being excavated.
Fifth to first centuries BC
In the 5th–4th centuries BC, the city became the residence first of the
Thracian kings of Bosporus, and was hence itself sometimes called Bosporus. Its economic decline in the 4th–3rd centuries BC was the result of the Sarmatian conquest of the steppes and the growing competition of Egyptian
grain.
Mithridates
This section may contain material not related to the topic of the article.(November 2019) ) |
The last of the
Mithridates VI Eupator, king of Pontus. This transition was arranged by one of Mithridates's generals, Diophantus, who earlier had been sent to Taurica to help local Greek cities against Palacus of the Scythian kingdom in Crimea. The mission did not go smoothly: Paerisades was murdered by Scythians led by Saumacus
, and Diophantus escaped to return later with reinforcements to suppress the revolt (c. 110 BC).
Half of a century later, Mithridates took his life in Pantikapaion, when, after his defeat in a war against Rome, his son and heir Pharnaces and citizens of Pantikapaion turned against him.
References
- ISBN 978-0-521-20091-2.
- ISBN 0 900652 46 2
- ^ "Panticapaeum". Internet Encyclopedia of Ukraine. Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Studies. Retrieved 18 February 2013.
Further reading
- JSTOR 503240.
- Treister, Michail Ju. (1990). "A Matrix from Panticapaeum". The Journal of the Walters Art Gallery. 48: 29–35. JSTOR 20169058.
- Tsetskhladze, Gocha R. (1997). "A Survey of the Major Urban Settlements in the Kimmerian Bosporos (With a Discussion of Their Status as Poleis)". In Nielsen, Thomas Heine (ed.). Yet More Studies in the Ancient Greek Polis. Historia Einzelschriften. Vol. 117. Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag. pp. 39–82. ISBN 9783515072229.
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Panticapaeum.
- Perseus Digital Library
- Iconicarchive Photo Gallery
- Decree honoring Diophantos, general of the Pontic king Mithridates VI
- Similarities between Panticapaeum and the City of Atlantis as described by Plato. Eagle/Wind 2005