Paramaccan people
Paramacca, Suriname 4,300 | | |
Urban French Guiana | 3,900 | |
---|---|---|
Languages | ||
Paramaccan | ||
Religion | ||
Christianity, Winti | ||
Related ethnic groups | ||
Ndyuka |
Granman of the Paramaccan people | |
---|---|
Residence | Langatabiki |
The Paramaccan or Paramaka (
The Paramaccan signed a peace treaty in 1872 granting the tribe autonomy.Overview
The administrative centre for the tribe is located in Snesiekondre,[6] but the main village of the resort is Langatabiki which is also the residence of the granman (paramount chief) of the Paramaccan people.[7] The tribe controls 13 villages in Suriname,[8] and the village of Providence in neighbouring French Guiana.[9]
The total population in 2014 was estimated at 11,000 people with 4,300 people living in the tribal areas in Suriname, and 1,000 living in the interior of French Guiana.[1]
History
The Paramaccans were runaway slaves from the Handtros or Entros plantation who fled around 1830.
Language
Paramaccan is also the eponymous term for their language, which is
Villages
- Langatabiki (Suriname)
- Lokaloka (Suriname)
- Nason (Suriname)
- Providence (French Guiana)
- Snesiekondre (Suriname)
See also
Brother Mambo: Finding Africa in the Amazon, JD Lenoir with Phil Ceder (Kutukutu), Black Rose Writer, 2022.
References
- ^ . Retrieved 25 July 2020.
- ^ "Pamaka stam in Suriname heeft nieuwe granman". Waterkant (in Dutch).
- ^ a b c "Pamak". Populations de Guyane (in French). Retrieved 20 July 2020.
- ^ "Distrikt Sipaliwini". Suriname.nu (in Dutch). Retrieved 23 May 2020.
- ^ "Paamaka en Ndyuka leggen grens vast". Regional Development.gov.sr (in Dutch). Retrieved 23 May 2020.
- ^ "Bestuurscentra Sipaliwini bouwtechnisch opgeleverd". Star Nieuws (in Dutch). Retrieved 23 May 2020.
- ^ "Planning Office Suriname - Districts" (PDF). Planning Office Suriname (in Dutch). Retrieved 23 May 2020.
- ^ Plan Bureau 2014, p. 169.
- .
- ^ Marten & Schalkwijk 2018, p. 3.
- ^ a b Marten & Schalkwijk 2018, p. 19.
- ^ Marten & Schalkwijk 2018, p. 19, :"Original publication:Koloniaal Verslag van 1872 page 543"
- ^ "Encyclopaedie van Nederlandsch West-Indië - Page 155 - Boschnegers" (PDF). Digital Library for Dutch Literature (in Dutch). 1916. Retrieved 20 July 2020.
- ^ Thoden van Velzen 1988, p. 215.
- ^ Borges 2014, p. 124.
- ^ Borges 2014, p. 167.
- ^ Jacques Arends (1989). "Syntactic Developments in Sranan". Digital Library for Dutch Literature. Retrieved 20 July 2020.
- ^ Borges 2014, p. 187.
- ^ "Languages of Surinam". Suriname.nu. Retrieved 20 July 2020.
Bibliography
- Borges, Roger (2014). The Life of Language. Dynamics of language contact in Suriname (PDF) (Thesis). Utrecht: Radboud University Nijmegen.
- Marten, J.; Schalkwijk, W. (19 June 2018). Conference on Slavery, Indentured Labour, Migration, Diaspora and Identity Formation. Anton de Kom University.
- Plan Bureau (2014). "Planning Office Suriname - Districts 2009-2013" (PDF). Planning Office Suriname (in Dutch).
- Thoden van Velzen, Bonno (1988). "De Brunswijk-opstand: Antropologische kanttekeningen bij de Surinaamse burgeroorlog". University of Groningen (in Dutch). Sociologische Gids.