Parisii (Gaul)

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Location of the Parisii.
A map of Gaul in the 1st century BC, showing the relative positions of the Celtic tribes.
Cabinet des Médailles
, Paris).
Cabinet des Médailles
, Paris).
Coins of the Parisii (Metropolitan Museum of Art).

The Parisii (

romanized: Parísioi) were a Gallic tribe that dwelt on the banks of the river Seine during the Iron Age and the Roman era. They lived on lands now occupied by the modern city of Paris, whose name is derived from the ethnonym
.

Name

They are mentioned as Parisii by

Parisii is also documented in Britain.[6]

The ethnic name Parisii is a latinized form of

Proto-Celtic form reconstructed as *kwar-is-io-.[7] Alternatively, Pierre-Yves Lambert proposed to translate Parisii as the 'spear people', by connecting the first element to the Old Irish carr 'spear', derived from an earlier *kwar-sā.[5]

The city of

Caesar (Parision in the 5th c. AD, Paris in 1265), is named after the Gallic tribe.[8][5]

History

The Parisii settled in the territory surrounding their chief town (or oppidum) about 250 BC, as first mentioned in Julius Caesar's Commentarii de Bello Gallico.[9]

According to the Commentarii de Bello Gallico, when the Romans under Caesar entered this territory, the Parisii started burning down their own towns for they were willing to give up these possessions rather than have them taken by the Romans.[10]

In 52 BC, in concert with the Suessiones, the Parisii participated in the general rising of Vercingetorix against Julius Caesar. Before the Roman period, the Parisii had their own gold coinage.[10]

Once part of the Roman Empire the Parisii oppidum later became the site of Lutetia, an important city in the Roman province of Gallia Lugdunensis, and ultimately the modern city of Paris, whose name is derived from the name of the tribe. An ancient trade route between Germania and Hispania existed at the area, by way of the meeting of the Oise and Marne rivers with the Seine.[11][12]

See also

References

  1. ^ Caesar. Commentarii de Bello Gallico, 4:3, passim.
  2. ^ Strabo. Geōgraphiká, 4:3:5; Ptolemy. Geōgraphikḕ Hyphḗgēsis, 2:8:10.
  3. ^ Pliny. Naturalis Historia, 4:107.
  4. ^ Notitia Dignitatum, oc 42, 23, 66.
  5. ^ a b c Falileyev 2010, s.v. Parisii and Lutetia.
  6. ^ a b Delamarre 2003, p. 247.
  7. ^ Busse 2006, p. 199.
  8. ^ Nègre 1990, p. 155.
  9. ^ E. Planta - A new picture of Paris; or, The stranger's guide to the French metropolis Samuel Leigh & Baldwin & Cradock 1831 (16th edition). Retrieved on 2017-04-23 from https://books.google.com/books?id=jGMDAAAAQAAJ&dq=Parisii%2C+Paris&pg=PA111 (1st return).
  10. ^ a b "Paris". Encyclopædia Britannica Ultimate Reference Suite. Chicago: Encyclopædia Britannica. 2014.
  11. ISBN 393069896X
    Retrieved 23 April 2017
  12. ^ H. Sauval - Histoire et recherches des antiquités de la ville de Paris, Volume 1 chés C. Moette, 1724 > 1st return Retrieved 23 April 2017

Bibliography

Further reading

External links

  • Media related to Parisii at Wikimedia Commons
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