Catholic particular churches and liturgical rites
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Particular churches sui iuris of the Catholic Church |
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Particular churches are grouped by liturgical rite |
Alexandrian Rite |
Armenian Rite |
Byzantine Rite |
East Syriac Rite |
Latin liturgical rites |
West Syriac Rite |
A particular church (
Particular churches exist in two kinds:
- An autonomous particular church ) are synonymous, meaning "of its own law".
- A local particular church: a apostolic prefectures, military ordinariates, personal ordinariates, personal prelatures, and territorial abbacies.[2]
Liturgical rites also exist in two kinds:
- Liturgical rite: a liturgical rite depending on the tradition of an autonomous particular church sui iuris. Catholic liturgies are broadly divided into the Latin liturgical rites of the Latin Church and the various Eastern Catholic liturgies of the other 23 sui iuris churches
- Catholic order liturgical rite: a variant of a liturgical rite exceptionately depending on a specific religious order
Churches
List of churches sui iuris
Ecclesiology
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In
More specifically, it is the local bishop, with his priests and deacons gathered around and assisting him in his office of teaching, sanctifying and governing (
On the worldwide level, the sign of Christ the head is the
The word "church" is applied to the Catholic Church as a whole, which is seen as a single church: the multitude of peoples and cultures within the church, and the great diversity of gifts, offices, conditions and ways of life of its members, are not opposed to the church's unity.[13] In this sense of "church", the list of churches in the Catholic Church has only one member, the Catholic Church itself (comprising Roman and Eastern Churches).
Within the Catholic Church there are local particular churches, of which dioceses are the most familiar form. Other forms include
Within the Catholic Church there are also aggregations of local particular churches that share a specific liturgical, theological, spiritual, and
Unlike "families" or "federations" of churches formed through the grant of mutual recognition by distinct ecclesial bodies,
Particular churches sui iuris
There are 24 autonomous churches: one
For this kind of particular church, the 1983 Code of Canon Law uses the unambiguous phrase "autonomous ritual Church" (Latin: Ecclesia ritualis sui iuris). The 1990 Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches, which is concerned principally with what the Second Vatican Council called "particular Churches or rites", shortened this to "autonomous Church" (Latin: Ecclesia sui iuris).[20]
Local particular churches
In
(Eastern term) is also a local or particular church, though it lacks the autonomy of the autonomous churches described above:A diocese is a section of the People of God entrusted to a bishop to be guided by him with the assistance of his clergy so that, loyal to its pastor and formed by him into one community in the Holy Spirit through the Gospel and the Eucharist, it constitutes one particular church in which the one, holy, catholic and apostolic Church of Christ is truly present and active.[21]
The 1983 Code of Canon Law, which is concerned with the Latin Church alone and so with only one autonomous particular church, uses the term "particular Church" only in the sense of "local Church", as in its Canon 373:
It is within the competence of the supreme authority alone to establish particular Churches; once they are lawfully established, the law itself gives them juridical personality.[22]
The standard form of these local or particular churches, each of which is headed by a bishop, is called a diocese in the Latin Church and an eparchy in the Eastern churches. At the end of 2011, the total number of all these jurisdictional areas (or "sees") was 2,834.[23]
Local particular church of Rome
The
All the Catholic particular churches, whether Latin or Eastern, local or autonomous—are by definition in
Rites
The Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches defines "rite" as follows: "Rite is the liturgical, theological, spiritual and disciplinary heritage, distinguished according to peoples' culture and historical circumstances, that finds expression in each autonomous church's way of living the faith."[25]
As thus defined, "rite" concerns not only a people's liturgy (manner of worship), but also its theology (understanding of doctrine), spirituality (prayer and devotion), and discipline (canon law).
In this sense of the word "rite", the list of rites within the Catholic Church is identical with that of the autonomous churches, each of which has its own heritage, which distinguishes that church from others, and membership of a church involves participation in its liturgical, theological, spiritual and disciplinary heritage. However, "church" refers to the people, and "rite" to their heritage.[26]
The Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches states that the rites with which it is concerned (but which it does not list) spring from the following five traditions:
The word "rite" is sometimes used with reference only to liturgy, ignoring the theological, spiritual and disciplinary elements in the heritage of the churches. In this sense, "rite" has been defined as "the whole complex of the (liturgical) services of any Church or group of Churches".[28]
Between "rites" in this exclusively liturgical sense and the autonomous churches there is no strict correspondence, such as there is when "rite" is understood as in the Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches. The 14 autonomous churches of Byzantine tradition have a single liturgical rite, but vary mainly in liturgical language, while on the contrary the single Latin Church has several distinct liturgical rites, whose universal main form, the Roman Rite, is practised in Latin or in the local vernacular).
Latin (Western) rites
Extant |
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Defunct |
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Eastern rites
Extant |
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See also
- Autocephaly
- Catholic Church by country
- Index of Catholic Church articles
- List of Catholic dioceses (structured view)
References
Notes
- ^ The Belarusian Greek Catholic Church is unorganized and has been served by Apostolic Visitors since 1960.
- ^ Byzantine Catholic Eparchy of Ruski Krstur covering Serbia. The Eparchy of Križevci is in foreign province, and the Eparchy of Ruski Krstur is immediately subject to the Holy See.
- ^ respectively, each immediately subject to the Holy See.
- ^ territorial abbacy (based in Grottaferrata), each immediately subject to the Holy See.
- ^ Novosibirskhas been appointed by the Holy See as ordinary to the Eastern Catholic faithful in Russia, although not as exarch of the dormant apostolic exarchate and without the creation of a formal ordinariate.
- ^ The Ruthenian Catholic Church does not have a unified structure. It includes a Metropolia based in Pittsburgh, which covers the entire United States, but also an eparchy in Ukraine and an apostolic exarchate in the Czech Republic, both of which are directly subject to the Holy See.
- sixthis exclusively Byzantine, but covers all Byzantine Catholics in Austria, no matter which particular Byzantine Church they belong to.
- ^ The six ordinariates are based in Buenos Aires (Argentina), Vienna (Austria), Belo Horizonte (Brazil), Paris (France), Warsaw (Poland), and Madrid (Spain).
- ^ Technically, each of these ordinariates has an ordinary who is a bishop, but all of the bishops are Latin bishops whose primary assignment is to a Latin see.
- ^ more 640 Archdioceses
- languagesused, its uniformity and remained a single liturgical rite, though there is a Slavonic Use among Ukrainian and other Slavic churches.
Citations
- ^ "Orientalium Ecclesiarum". Vatican.va. Retrieved 2018-04-18.
- ^ Particular Churches, in which and from which the one and only Catholic Church exists, are principally dioceses. Unless the contrary is clear, the following are equivalent to a diocese: a territorial prelature, a territorial abbacy, a vicariate apostolic, a prefecture apostolic and a permanently established apostolic administration. (Code of Canon Law, canon 368)
- ^ "Erezione della Chiesa Metropolitana sui iuris eritrea e nomina del primo Metropolita". Holy See Press Office. January 19, 2015. Retrieved January 19, 2015.
- ^ "Apostolic Administration of Southern Albania, Albania (Albanese Rite)". gcatholic.org. Retrieved 2019-07-09.
- ^ "Belarussian Church (Catholic)". gcatholic.org. Retrieved 2019-07-09.
- ISBN 978-88-209-8722-0.
- ^ "Catholic Culture Church Definition". CatholicCulture.org. Archived from the original on Dec 30, 2011. Retrieved 2011-02-14.
- ^ "Catholic Encyclopedia: Hierarchy". New Advent. 1910. Retrieved 2011-02-15.
- ^ "The Hierarchy of the Catholic Church". Catholic-Hierarchy.org. Retrieved 2011-02-14.
- ^ "Catholic Encyclopedia: Mystical Body of the Church". New Advent. 1911. Retrieved 2011-02-14.
- ^ a b "Catholic Rites and Churches". EWTN. 22 August 2007. Archived from the original on May 22, 2011. Retrieved 2011-02-14.
- ^ "Letter to the Bishops of the Catholic Church on some aspects of the Church understood as communion". Joseph Cardinal Ratzinger. Retrieved 2011-02-14.
- ^ "Catechism of the Catholic Church, 814". Vatican.va. 1975-12-14. Retrieved 2018-04-18.
- ^ "Code of Canon Law, canon 368". Intratext.com. 2007-05-04. Retrieved 2018-04-18.
- ^ Vatican, Annuario Pontificio 2012, p. 1142.
- ^ "Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches, canon 27". Vatican.va. Retrieved 2018-04-18.
- British monarchto be their head of state, but are nonetheless fully independent and quite distinct states, not just one state.
- ^ Second Vatican Council, Dogmatic Decree on the Church Lumen gentium, 23
- ^ "The particular Churches, insofar as they are 'part of the one Church of Christ' (Second Vatican Council: Decree Christus Dominus, 6/c), have a special relationship of mutual interiority with the whole, that is, with the universal Church, because in every particular Church 'the one, holy, catholic and apostolic Church of Christ is truly present and active' (Second Vatican Council: Decree Christus Dominus, 11/a). For this reason, the universal Church cannot be conceived as the sum of the particular Churches, or as a federation of particular Churches. It is not the result of the communion of the Churches, but, in its essential mystery, it is a reality ontologically and temporally prior to every individual particular Church" (Communionis notio, 9).
- ^ Canon 27, quote: "A group of Christ's faithful hierarchically linked in accordance with law and given express or tacit recognition by the supreme authority of the Church is in this Code called an autonomous Church."
- ^ Second Vatican Council, Decree on the Pastoral Office of Bishops in the Church Christus Dominus,11
- ^ "Code of Canon Law, canon 373". Intratext.com. 2007-05-04. Retrieved 2018-04-18.
- ISBN 978-88-209-8722-0.
- ^ Catechism of the Catholic Church, 882
- ^ "Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches, canon 28 §1". Vatican.va. Retrieved 2018-04-18.
- ^ Arangassery, Lonappan (1999). A Handbook on Catholic Eastern Churches. p. 52. Retrieved 2018-04-18.
- ^ "Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches, canon 28 §2". Vatican.va. Retrieved 2018-04-18.
- ^ Griffin, Patrick (1912). "Rites". Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company. Retrieved 2011-02-14.
- ^ "Quo Primum". 14 July 1570.
- ^ "CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Rites".
Further reading
- ISBN 9780860783053.
- ISBN 9788872103364.