Passionists

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Congregation of the Passion of Jesus Christ
Congregatio Passionis Iesu Christi
AbbreviationCP
NicknamePassionists
Founded22 November 1720; 303 years ago (1720-11-22)
FounderPaul of the Cross[1]
Founded atCastellazzo, Italy
TypeClerical Religious Congregation of Pontifical Right for men
HeadquartersVia S. Giovanni Eudes 95, Rome, Italy
Membership
1,890 members (including 1,423 priests) as of 2020
Superior General
Fr. Joachim Xavier Rego, C.P.
Patroness:
Blessed Virgin Mary (under the title Our Lady of the Sorrows)
AffiliationsCatholic Church
Websitepassiochristi.org
Formerly called
The Poor of Jesus
(1720-1741)
[2]

The Passionists, officially named the Congregation of the Passion of Jesus Christ (

Sacred Heart of Jesus
, surmounted by a cross. This symbol is often sewn into the attire of its congregants.

History

Paul of the Cross, who was born in 1694 in Ovada, wrote the rules of the Congregation between 22 November 1720 and 1 January 1721.[4] On 7 June 1725, Pope Benedict XIII granted Paul permission to form his congregation. Paul and his brother, John Baptist Danei, were ordained by the pope on the same occasion.[3]

After serving for a time in the hospital for skin diseases of St. Gallicano, in 1737 they left Rome with permission of the Pope and went to Mount Argentario,[4] where they established the first house of the institute. They took up their abode in a small hermitage near the summit of the mount, to which was attached a chapel dedicated to Saint Anthony. They were soon joined by three companions, one of whom was a priest, and the observance of community life according to the rules began there and is continued there to the present day.[3] Paul of the Cross and his companions – now totalling six priests and two brothers – began a retreat.

In 1769,

Trappist monks, together with the dynamic orders, such as the Jesuits
.

Both the members and the works of the congregation are entrusted to the protection of the Blessed Virgin Mary under the title of

as co patrons. Every Passionist religious is required to honour them, together with the founder, Paul of the Cross, and the other saints of the congregation, whose feasts they celebrate in community.

On 11 June 1741, they first affixed the emblem or "sign" of the Passion (Jesu XPI Passio) on their black tunics. The professed renewed their vows, and the new members pronounced their first vows.[5]

Charism

"We seek the unity of our lives and our apostolate in the Passion of Jesus." The Passionate express their participation in the Passion by a special vow, by which they bind themselves to keep alive the memory of the Passion of Christ. They strive to foster awareness of its meaning and value for each person and for the life of the world. They seek to incorporate this vow into our daily lives by living the evangelical counsels.[6]

Apostolate

St Mungo's Church, Townhead, Glasgow
, is run by the Passionists of the Province of St Patrick.

Traditionally, their main apostolate has been preaching missions and retreats. According to Paul of the Cross, they were founded in order to "teach people how to pray", which they do through activities such as retreats and missions, spiritual direction, and prayer groups. Today they often also assist local churches in pastoral works, including saying masses, hearing confessions, and visiting the sick. Due to the continuing shortage of priests throughout the world, the Passionists today are sometimes designated as parish priests and curates of various parishes. The Passionists hold many retreat and conference centers around the world.

Unlike the

Santiago
(Chile), but these are more the exception than the rule. The Passionists are involved in social welfare projects and education mainly in the various mission territories assigned to them.

Though Passionists are not required to work in non-Christian areas as missionaries, their Rule allows its members to be posted to missionary work, such as in mainland China (before the Communists took over in 1949), India, and Japan, and in many other nations in Africa, Asia, Latin America and elsewhere as dictated by the pope or at the invitation of a local Bishop.

As of 2014 there were 2,179 Passionists in 61 countries[6] on the five continents, led by a superior general who is elected every six years. He is assisted by six consultors in governing the congregation. The congregation is divided into provinces, vice-provinces and missions. The Congregation is also divided into groups of provinces, vice-provinces and missions called configurations. The presidents of the six configurations constitute the Extended General Council which meets with the Superior General and his consultors annually.[7]

Monastery of the Presentation in Monte Argentario, Tuscany

There are six configurations in the world:[8]

  • MAPRES: The Configuration of Mary Presented In The Temple which includes Italy, France and Portugal and related mission territories.
  • CCH: The Configuration of Charles Houben which includes Ireland, England, Scotland, Wales, Germany, Poland, Belgium, the Czech Republic, Ukraine, Holland, Sweden and related mission territories;
  • CJC: The Configuration of Jesus Crucified which includes Mexico, Brazil, the United States, Argentina, Puerto Rico, the Dominican Republic, Haiti, Canada, Uruguay, Paraguay and related mission territories
  • PASPAC: The Configuration of the Passionists in Asia Pacific which includes Australia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, the Philippines, Korea, Japan, Indonesia, India, China and Vietnam and related mission territories;
  • CPA: The Configuration of the Passionists of Africa, which includes Kenya, Tanzania, the Republic of the Congo, South Africa, Botswana, Zambia and related mission territories;
  • SCOR: The Configuration of the Sacred Heart which includes Spain, Peru, Colombia, Ecuador, Venezuela, Chile, Panama, Honduras, Guatemala, Cuba, El Salvador, Bolivia, Nicaragua and related mission territories.

The official name of the institute is "The Congregation of the Passion of Jesus Christ". The superior general resides in Rome (Piazza Ss. Giovanni e Paolo, 13, 00184 Roma; tel. 06 772711). The founder is buried in a chapel attached to the Basilica of Saints John and Paul, and the General Headquarters also hosts an international house of studies for Passionists from around the world.

Characteristics of the Congregation

Painting of Bl. Bernard Silvestrelli wearing the Habit, Sign and Mantle.

Passionist Monasteries are correctly referred to as "Retreats".[4] The members of the congregation are not allowed to possess land, and the congregation collectively can only own the community house and a bit of land attached to it. They rely completely on their own labor and on contributions from the faithful to maintain themselves financially. The habit worn by members is a black rough woolen tunic and mantle bearing the words "Jesu XPI Passio", meaning "Passion of Jesus Christ", and the congregation was historically discalced, wearing sandals rather than shoes.

With regard to Popular Piety, the Congregation is also known for promoting devotion to the Passion among the faithful through the use of "Black Scapular of the Passion" usually worn by aspirants to the Passionist way of life. Different devotional practices such as Devotion to the Five Wounds of Christ, The Seven Sorrows of The Blessed Virgin Mary, Stations of the Cross and various forms of the Office in honour of the Passion are still widely promoted among its members.

Confraternity of the Passion

The "Black Scapular of the Passion" is a

Passion of Christ.[11]
No special practice besides wearing the Scapular and leading a good Christian life is obligatory in order to participate in the privileges of the confraternity.

The small scapular has a replica of the badge of the Passionists. It is made of black cloth, having on the front the figure of a Heart surmounted by a White Cross and bears the words "Jesu XPI Passio sit semper in cordibus nostris" (May the passion of Jesus Christ always be in our hearts.)

Crucifixion of Christ. Various other indulgences for the faithful who wear this scapular were approved by the Congregation for Indulgences in 1877.[12] The Superior-General of the Passionists communicates to other priests the faculty to bless and invest with the scapular.[13]

Saints and Blesseds of the Congregation of the Passion

Canonised members of the Congregation

Beatified members of the Congregation

In addition, the causes for the canonisation of Carl Schmitz, Ignatius Spencer, Theodore Foley and Elizabeth Prout have been opened.

Other notable members

Passionist Sisters

Southern Brazil

The

Sisters
of the Holy Family", and was later included under the Passionist family.

Due to their separate raisings guided by members of the congregation, Maria Goretti and Gemma Galgani are traditionally counted in the ranks of the Passionist Sisters, even though they died before they could formally enter the institute (Maria was murdered, Gemma died of tuberculosis).[citation needed]

See also

  • Chaplet of the Five Wounds

References

  1. ^ "Congregation of the Passion (C.P.)".
  2. ^ "Congregation of the Passion (C.P.)".
  3. ^ a b c "CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Passionists". Newadvent.org. Retrieved 12 November 2017.
  4. ^ a b c Pettinelli, Derek. "Five facts about the Passionists", Catholic Digest, 19 October 2017
  5. ^ "Passionist sign". THE PASSIONISTS OF HOLY CROSS PROVINCE.
  6. ^ a b "Congregatio Passionis Jesu Christi". Passiochristi.org. Archived from the original on 5 March 2014. Retrieved 12 November 2017.
  7. ^ The Statistics of the Congregation of the Passion of Jesus Christ: Passionist International Bulletin, Rome, Spring 2014
  8. ^ The 2012 General Chapter of the Congregation of the Passion of Jesus Christ: Acts of the Chapter, Rome, 2013.
  9. ^ Catholic Encyclopedia
  10. ^ "Black Scapular of the Passion", The Catholic Telegraph, Volume 58, Number 9, 28 February 1889
  11. ^ Sullivan, John Francis. The Externals of the Catholic Church, P. J. Kenedy & sons, 1918, p. 200
  12. ^ a b "Black Scapular", Marian Library, University of Dayton
  13. ^ "Scapular of the Passion (Black)", New Catholic Dictionary, 1910

External links