Patan Durbar Square
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Patan Durbar Square | |
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Native name Newar: Yela Lāyekū | |
Patan Durbar Square entrance Patan Durbar Square in 2010 | |
Location | Lalitpur, Nepal |
Coordinates | 27°40′24″N 85°19′30″E / 27.6734°N 85.3250°E |
Area | 18.85 ha |
Built | 1637 AD |
Original use | Royal Palace |
Architectural style(s) | Nepalese Architecture |
Website | http://www.patanmuseum.gov.np |
Asia | |
Session | 3rd |
Patan Durbar Square (
The Durbar Square is a marvel of
The square was heavily damaged by the earthquake in April 2015.[4][5]
History
The history of Durbar Square is not clear. Although the Malla Kings of Lalitpur are credited with the establishment of the royal square, it is known that the site is an ancient crossroad. The Pradhanas, who settled around the site before the Mallas, have connections with the Durbar Square.[1] Some chronicles hint that the Thakuri dynasty built a palace and made reforms to the locality, but there is little evidence of this. Scholars are certain that Patan was a prosperous city since ancient times.[6]
The Malla Kings made important changes to the square. Most of the current architecture is from the 1600s, constructed during the reign of King Siddhi Narsingh Malla and his son Srinivasa Sukriti. Some of the notable Malla Kings who improved the square include Purandarasimha,[7] Sivasimha Malla and Yoganarendra Malla.[1][6]
Important buildings
Patan is one of the oldest Buddhist cities. It is a center of both Hinduism and Buddhism with 136 bahals or courtyards and 55 major temples.[8] Most of these structures are in the vicinity of the Durbar Square.
Krishna Mandir
Krishna Mandir is one of the most important temple in Patan Durbar Square.
The temple was built in 1667 by King Siddhi Narsingh Malla.
The square is crowded with thousands of Hindu Pilgrims and devotees during
Bhimsen Temple
Bhimsen (Bhin : dya) Temple was built by Srinivasa Malla in 1680. It is renowned for its three interconnected golden windows.
Vishwanath Temple
Vishwanath Temple is dedicated to
and Bhimsen Temple.Taleju Bhawani Temple
Taleju temple was built by Siddhi Narsingh Malla in 1640 and rebuilt by Srinivasa Malla in 1667 after a fire. Taleju Bhawani was the personal deity of the Malla kings. It is a five-storey temple with triple-roofs.
Layout of the Palace
The three main courtyards in the palace are Mul Chowk, Sundari Chowk and Keshav Narayan Chowk. Besides these courtyards, the complex boasts impressive temples, religious shrines, and historical places, all noted for their exquisite carvings and beautiful display of ancient Newari architecture.[2] [21] [22]
Keshav Narayan Chowk
Keshav Narayan Chowk is, inside the Patan Museum, to the north of the Mul Chowk. Keshav Narayan Temple is located at the center of this chowk and gave the chowk its name.
Mul Chowk
Mul Chowk is the central courtyard. It is the most famous and largest courtyard among the three main chowks. Vidya Temple is located at its center and Taleju temples stand around the courtyard. The doorway to the Shrine of Taleju, on the southern side of the courtyard, is confined by the statues of the river goddesses
Sundari Chowk
Sundari Chowk is to the south of the Mul Chowk. It is designed with a sunken tank known as
Gallery
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Keshav Narayan Chowk
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Mul chowk, Patan Durbar Square
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Hari Shankar Temple
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Big Bell
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Bhimsen Temple (right), and Vishwanath Temple (left)
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Bhandarkhal Garden and water tank
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Under construction during renovation of Patan Durbar Square
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An agriculture stone sculpture inside the Patan Durbar Square
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Patan Durbar Square as seen in the night
References
- ^ a b c d e f g Pallav Ranjan (2007). "Patan Durbar Square". Spiny Babbler. Archived from the original on 2009-08-22. Retrieved 2013-04-22.
- ^ a b "SAARC Tourism Nepal -- Patan Durbar Square". Archived from the original on 2017-03-23. Retrieved 2011-08-13.
- ^ "Nepalopedia". Retrieved 2013-04-22.
- ^ @SnowdenJohn (April 25, 2015). "Patan Durbar Square several buildings leveled need medical help and manpower to pull people out of rubble" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
- ^ "Earthquake in Nepal: Patan Durbar Square shattered completely". India.com, online. Retrieved 2015-04-25.
- ^ a b "Patan". Department of Archaeology, Nepal. Retrieved 2013-04-22.
- ^ Pokhrel, Aupson (2023-04-08). "King Purandarasimha - The #1 Encyclopedia of Nepali History". Retrieved 2023-12-08.
- ^ "Patan Durbar Square". Nepal and Beyond. Archived from the original on 2013-06-30.
- ^ a b "Patan Krishna Temple". Archived from the original on 2019-06-26. Retrieved 2013-04-22.
- ^ Nepalese Architecture (2019). N.R.Banerjee.
- ^ "Krishna Mandir". Archived from the original on 2013-06-23. Retrieved 2017-06-15.
- ^ a b Bhattarai, Sewa (22 August 2019). "My Sweet Lord". Nepali Times. Kathmandu. Retrieved 1 January 2021.
- ^ a b "Krishna Mandir Temple".
- ^ "Krishnastami". World Press.
- ^ "Bhimsen Temple".
- ^ Gudrun Bühnemann. “Bhīmasena as Bhairava in Nepal.” Zeitschrift Der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft, vol. 163, no. 2, 2013, pp. 455–476. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/10.13173/zeitdeutmorggese.163.2.0455.
- ^ "View of Bhimsen Temple".
- ^ "Vishwanath Temple, Patan".
- ^ "Vishwanath Temple".
- ^ "Taleju Temple".
- ^ "Google Sketchup 3D model of Patan Durbar Square". Archived from the original on 2012-10-22. Retrieved 2011-08-13.
- ^ "Google Sketchup 4D model of Patan Durbar Square".
- ^ "Mul Chowk".
- ^ "Sundari Chok".
Further reading
- von Schroeder, Ulrich. 2019. Nepalese Stone Sculptures. Volume One: Hindu; Volume Two: Buddhist. (Visual Dharma Publications). ISBN 978-3-033-06381-5. Contains SD card with 15,000 digital photographs of Nepalese sculptures and other subjects as public domain.