Patriarchate of Peć (monastery)

Coordinates: 42°39′40″N 20°15′58″E / 42.661°N 20.266°E / 42.661; 20.266
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Patriarchate of Peć Monastery
Манастир Пећка патријаршија (
Danilo II
Architecture
StyleSerbo-Byzantine
Site
LocationNear Peja (Serbian: Peć)
CountryKosovo
Coordinates42°39′40″N 20°15′58″E / 42.661°N 20.266°E / 42.661; 20.266
Public accessYes
Europe and North America
Endangered2006–...
Monument of Culture of Exceptional Importance
Designated25 October 1947
Reference no.SК 1370

The Patriarchate of Peć Monastery (

Serbian Patriarchs. The monastery complex consists of several churches, and during medieval and early modern times it was also used as mausoleum of Serbian archbishops and patriarchs. Since 2006, it is part of the "Medieval Monuments in Kosovo", a combined World Heritage Site along with three other monuments of the Serbian Orthodox Church
.

The monastery is ecclesiastically administered by the

Serbian Patriarch whose title includes Archbishop of Peć. The monastery church is unique in Serbian medieval architecture, with three churches connected as one whole,[1] with a total of four churches.[2]

Geography

The monastery complex is located near Peja, in the

Lumbardhi i Pejës, at the entrance of the Rugova Canyon.[3] A morus nigra tree, 750 years old, is preserved in the monastery yard, called Šam-dud (sr), planted by Archbishop Sava II between 1263 and 1272.[4]

History

St. Nicholas on the south side.[5] In front of the three main churches, he then raised a monumental narthex.[5] In the time of Archbishop Joanikije II, around 1345, the hitherto undecorated Church of St. Demetrius was decorated with frescoes. Serbian Emperor Stefan Dušan (r. 1331–1355) raised the Serbian Archbishopric to the patriarchal status in 1346, thus creating the Serbian Patriarchate of Peć.[12]

A fresco in Narthex depicting the Nemanjić tree.

During the 14th century, small modifications were made to Church of the Holy Apostles, so some parts were decorated later. From the 13th to the 15th century, and in the 17th century, the

Phanariotes embarked on policy initiatives that led to the exclusion of Serbs in the succession of the patriarchate, which was eventually abolished in September 1766.[15][16]

Period of

Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenians. In 1920, structural unity of Serbian Orthodox Church was restored, and Serbian Patriarchate was renewed, with traditional primatial seat in the Patriarchal Monastery of Peć.[19] Since then, all Serbian Patriarchs were enthroned in the Monastery.[20] Major reconstruction works in the Monastery were undertaken during 1931 and 1932.[21]

Arsenije Sremac, one of the founders, fresco from the Church of the Holy Apostles

In 1947, the Patriarchate of Peć was added to

World Heritage List as an extension of the Visoki Dečani site which was overall placed on the List of World Heritage in Danger.[22]

Restoration of the complex began in June 2006 and was completed in November 2006. The main aim was to protect the complex from the weather, as well as to repair the inner walls and exterior appearance. Two previously unknown frescoes were uncovered on the north facade of the Church of St. Demetrios, of a Serbian queen and nobleman.[23] In 2008, the church facades were painted red, as Žiča, which led to some reactions. The sites were protected by the Kosovo Force until 2013, when the Kosovo Police took over responsibility.[clarification needed][24]

Mausoleum

Serbian Orthodox

Maksim I
(s. 1655–74).

Complex

Churches

Church Image Notes
Church of the Holy Apostles
(Crkva sv. Apostola, also called Church of the Holy Saviour)
Built in the first third of the 13th century.
Church of St. Demetrius
(Crkva sv. Dimitrija)
Built by 1324
Church of the Holy Mother of God Hodegetria
(Crkva Bogorodice Odigitrije)
Built by 1337
Church of St. Nicholas
(Crkva sv. Nikole)
Built by 1337. A small modest church built at the side of the Hodegetria Church.

The three main churches with domes (Holy Apostles, St. Demetrius and Hodegetria) are connected with each other, linked by a joint monumental narthex. A smaller church, without a dome, is by the side of the Hodegetria Church.

Gallery

  • Photograph from June 1980
    Photograph from June 1980
  • Tower in the monastery yard
    Tower in the monastery yard
  • Burial of Sava II
    Burial of Sava II
  • Fresco of the Nemanjić dynasty
    Fresco of the Nemanjić dynasty
  • Šam-dud, a 750-year-old tree
    Šam-dud, a 750-year-old tree

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d e Krstić 2003, p. 22.
  2. ^ a b Janićijević 1998, p. 524.
  3. ^ a b c d Stefanović 2001.
  4. ^ "Шам-дуд чува Пећку патријаршију 750 година". politika.rs.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g Манастир Пећка патријаршија.
  6. ^ a b Ерић 2006, p. 212.
  7. ^ Ćirković 2004, p. 50.
  8. ^ Vásáry 2005, p. 100.
  9. ^ Коматина 2016, p. 297, 407.
  10. ^ McAllester 2001, p. 52.
  11. ^ Коматина 2016, p. 368, 407.
  12. ^ Fotić 2008, p. 519.
  13. ^ Fotić 2008, p. 519-520.
  14. ^ Kia 2011, p. 117.
  15. ^ Frazee 1969, p. 6-7.
  16. ^ Fotić 2008, p. 520.
  17. ^ Ćirković 2004, p. 245-246.
  18. ^ Đorđević & Pejić 1999, p. 18, 21.
  19. ^ Petković 1982, p. 8.
  20. ^ Warrander & Knaus 2010, p. 161.
  21. ^ Petković 1982, p. 8, 16, 31.
  22. ^ UNESCO (2006). "List of World Heritage in Danger". Retrieved 24 February 2013.
  23. ^ "Work on Restoration of Pec Patriarchate Draws to a Close". KIM Info Newsletter. November 14, 2006. Archived from the original on October 16, 2013. Retrieved 2014-05-18.
  24. ^ "Srpske svetinje na KiM strahuju od čuvara". novosti.rs.

Sources

External links