Pattali Makkal Katchi

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Pattali Makkal Katchi
Seats in Lok Sabha
0 / 543
Seats in Rajya Sabha
1 / 245
Seats in Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly
5 / 234
Election symbol

(Ripe Mango)
Website
pmkofficial.com

Pattali Makkal Katchi (transl. Working People's Party; abbreviated as PMK) is a political party in Tamil Nadu, India, founded by S. Ramadoss in 1989 for the Vanniyar caste in northern Tamil Nadu.[2][3] It is a part of the BJP-led National Democratic Alliance (NDA).[4] It contests the elections with the "Ripe Mango" symbol.[5]

The PMK is noted for its involvement in riots and vandalism. A former Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu,

Jayalalitha, likened the party to a terrorist organisation and threatened to ban it for its frequent involvement in violence and vandalism of public property. [6]

History

Vanniyar Sangam

Most Backward Caste (MBC) status for Vanniyars. At the peak of the protests, the state was paralysed for a week when thousands of trees were felled, highways blocked and damaged and more than 1,400 houses of the Dalit community were burned down.[9] The police shot 21 protestors.[7] Later, in 1989, the Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK) government led by M. Karunanidhi granted MBC status to the Vanniyars, with the associated reservation entitlements in education and employment.[10]

PMK (1989–present)

Ramadoss founded the PMK on 16 July 1989,[11] emerging from the Vanniyar reservation protests of 1987.[12]

Ahead of the 2004 elections, PMK joined the

UPA-I ) to form the Government.[citation needed
]

Following the

Karunanidhi Government.[13] However, the DMK did not press for the party's removal from the UPA Government at the centre. On 26 March 2009, PMK declared that, it would join the All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (AIADMK) led front and left the United Progressive Alliance (UPA)
.

Ramadoss and his son, Anbumani Ramdoss, were arrested by the Jayalalitha government for their inflammatory speeches, the PMK cadres indulged in violence in April 2013 causing property damages estimated worth ₹600 crores.

petrol bombs on moving vehicles and caused damages to 850 vehicles including public buses and threatened to ban the party.[15] Ramadoss and his son were released after 12 days in prison.[16]

PMK contested in the

Dharmapuri Lok Sabha constituency, he was one of two non-AIADMK MPs from Tamil Nadu the other being from its ally BJP.[17]

PMK continued its alliance with AIADMK and BJP in the 2019 Indian general election in Tamil Nadu and contested 7 seats but the party failed to win any seats. [18]

The Madras Institute of Developmental Studies (MIDS) and an reported that the PMK and the Hindu Munnani was involved in the 2019 Ponparappi violence where Dalit women were sexually abused and Dalit houses were attacked and damaged.[19] An NGO Evidence also blamed PMK in the violence because the Dalit colony voted overwhelmingly for VCK.[20]

In November 2020, Ramadoss called for a protest demanding 20% internal reservation for Vanniyars in the MBC category in education and jobs from December 1. During the pro-reservation protests, more than 500 PMK cadres pelted stones on a moving train and blocked traffic when they were blocked from entering Chennai.[21][22] A bill to create the 10.5% internal reservation to Vanniyars was passed on February 26, 2021, by the AIADMK government.[23] The move was taken ahead of the April 6 assembly elections to appease the PMK, which had threatened to quit the coalition if their demand was not satisfied.[24] In July 2021, the DMK government issued an order to implement 10.5% quota Bill for Vanniyars.[24]

PMK contested in 23 seats in the AIADMK alliance in the 2021 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election and won five seats by securing 4.04%.[18] In the assembly, PMK voted in favour of anti-CAA and anti-farm-law resolutions, but AIADMK and BJP walked out over the matter.[25] PMK left the AIADMK-led alliance for the 2021 local body polls.[26]

Ideology and political positions

The PMK defied Tamil Nadu's Dravidian political culture by explicitly appealing to its caste identification when asking for support. The party has been linked to direct action and protests that have resulted in violence. Between 2012 and 2013, the party ran a campaign against intercaste marriages.[12]

Leaders

The leaders of Pattali Makkal Katchi, who are also the national executives of the party are listed below:[27]

National Executive
S.No Member Party position
1. S. Ramadoss Founder-Leader of PMK
2. G.K. Mani Honorary President of PMK[28]
3. Anbumani Ramadoss President of PMK
4. Vadivel Ravanan General Secretary of PMK
5. Thilagabama Treasurer of PMK
6. Pu.Tha.Arulmozhi President of Vanniyar Sangam
7. Advocate K Balu Spokesperson of PMK

Former ministers

  1. Dalit Ezhilmalai - Former central health and family welfare minister (1998-1999)
  2. A. K. Moorthy - Former central railway minister (2002-2004)
  3. E. Ponnuswamy - Former central petroleum minister (1999-2001)
  4. N. T. Shanmugam - Former central Health and family welfare (1999-2000) Former central coal minister (2000-2001) and Former central food processing industries minister (2002-2004)
  5. R. Velu - Former central railway minister (2004-2009)
  6. Anbumani Ramadoss - Former central health and family welfare minister (2004-2009)

Election history

Tamil Nadu

Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly
Election Year Election Votes polled Won Change of Seats Alliance Result
1991 10th Assembly 145,982
1 / 194
 Increase1 None Lost
1996 11th Assembly 1,042,333
4 / 116
 Increase 3 PMK+Tiwari Lost
2001 12th Assembly 1,557,500
20 / 27
 Increase 16 AIADMK+ Won
2006 13th Assembly 1,863,749
18 / 31
 Decrease 2 DMK + Won
2011 14th Assembly 1,927,783
3 / 30
 Decrease 15 DMK + Lost
2016 15th Assembly 2,300,775
0 / 234
 Decrease 3 None Lost
2021 16th Assembly 1,756,796
5 / 23
 Increase 5 NDA Lost
Lok Sabha election
Election Year Election Votes polled Won Change of Seats Alliance Result
1996
11th Lok Sabha
 552,118
0 / 15
 Decrease15 PT Lost
1998
12th Lok Sabha
 15,48,976
4 / 5
 Increase4 NDA Government
1999
13th Lok Sabha
 2,236,821
5 / 7
 Increase1 NDA Government
2004
14th Lok Sabha
 1,927,367
5 / 5
 No Change
DPA
 Government
2009
15th Lok Sabha
 1,944,619
0 / 6
 Decrease5
TF
 Lost
2014
16th Lok Sabha
 1,804,812
1 / 8
 Increase1 NDA Government
2019
17th Lok Sabha
 2,297,431[29]
0 / 7
 Decrease1 NDA Government

DPA - Democratic Progressive Alliance NDA - National Democratic Alliance TF - Third Front PT - PMK-Tiwari Congress Front

Puducherry

Puducherry Legislative Assembly election
Election Year Election Votes polled Won Change of Seats Alliance Result
2006 2006 Pondicherry Legislative Assembly election N.A.
2 / 30
 Increase2
DPA
 Government
Further information: Puducherry Lok Sabha constituency
Lok Sabha election
Election Year Election Votes polled Won Change of Seats Alliance Result Candidate
1999
13th Lok Sabha
 140,920
0 / 1
 No Change NDA Lost M. Ramadass
2004
14th Lok Sabha
 241,653
1 / 1
 Increase1
DPA
 Government M. Ramadass
2009
15th Lok Sabha
 208,619
0 / 1
 Decrease1
TF
 Lost M. Ramadass

DPA - Democratic Progressive Alliance NDA - National Democratic Alliance TF - Third Front PT - PMK-Tiwari Congress Front

Lok Sabha Members

No Year Election Member Constituency Positions Held
1 1998
12th Lok Sabha
 Dalit Ezhilmalai Chidambaram Union Minister of State, Health and Family Welfare (Independent Charge), 1999
2 1998
12th Lok Sabha
 Durai Vandavasi
3 1998
12th Lok Sabha
 K. Parymohan Dharmapuri
4 1998
12th Lok Sabha
 N.T. Shanmugam Vellore
5 1999
13th Lok Sabha
 Durai Vandavasi Re-elected for 2nd term
6 1999
13th Lok Sabha
 P D Elangovan Dharmapuri
7 1999
13th Lok Sabha
 A.K. Moorthy Chengalpattu Union Minister of State, Ministry of Railways (July 2002- 15 Jan.2004)
8 1999
13th Lok Sabha
 Mathivanan Chidambaram Minister of State, Petroleum and Natural Gas (1999-2001)
9 1999
13th Lok Sabha
 N.T. Shanmugam Vellore Re-elected for 2nd term

Union Minister of State (Independent Charge), Ministry of Health & Family Welfare (Oct 1999 to May 2000)

Union Minister of State (Independent Charge), Ministry of Coal (May 2000 to Feb 2001)

Union Minister of State (Independent Charge), Ministry of Food Processing Industries (July 2002 to Jan 2004)

10 2004
14th Lok Sabha
 K Dhanaraju Tindivanam
11 2004
14th Lok Sabha
 A.K. Moorthy Chengalpattu Re-elected for 2nd term
12 2004
14th Lok Sabha
 E Ponnuswamy Chidambaram Re-elected for 2nd term
13 2004
14th Lok Sabha
 Senthil Raman Dharmapuri
14 2004
14th Lok Sabha
 Rangasamy Velu Arakkonam Union Minister of State, Railways (2004) on 29 March 2009 He Resigned from Union Minister of State, Railways
15 2014
16th Lok Sabha
 Anbumani Ramadoss Dharmapuri

Rajya Sabha Members

Sl Name Position Period
1 Anbumani Ramadoss Member, Rajya Sabha 2004-10
Union Minister of Health and Family Welfare
 2004-09
Member, Rajya Sabha 2019-

See also

References

  1. ^ "Withdrawal of recognition of status of state party in Puducherry of the Pattali Makkal Katchi". Retrieved 10 April 2023.
  2. JSTOR 4412456
    .
  3. JSTOR 4410818
    .
  4. ^ Senthalir, S. "In Tamil Nadu, discontent within PMK does not augur well for prospects of BJP-AIADMK alliance". Scroll.in. Retrieved 22 November 2020.
  5. ISSN 0971-751X
    . Retrieved 30 March 2016.
  6. ^ "Jayalalithaa threatens to ban Ramadoss' PMK over Marakkanam violence".
  7. ^ a b "40-yr-old reservation demand conceded in TN: Is it working for PMK?". Hindustan Times. 5 April 2021. Retrieved 26 July 2021.
  8. ^ "Senior Ramadoss arrested". The Telegraph. 1 May 2013. Archived from the original on 12 June 2018. Retrieved 27 May 2018.
  9. ^ Collins, Michael A (1 January 2017). "Recalling Democracy: Electoral Politics, Minority Representation, and Dalit Assertion in Modern India". Dissertations Available from ProQuest: 137, 138.
  10. ISSN 0971-751X
    . Retrieved 2 August 2021.
  11. ^ "Will PMK's investment in caste-politics yield results?". The New Indian Express. Retrieved 17 August 2021.
  12. ^
    S2CID 151268924
    .
  13. ISSN 0971-751X
    . Retrieved 7 April 2016.
  14. ^ "Jaya threatens to ban PMK for inciting violence". Hindustan Times. 13 May 2013. Retrieved 22 September 2021.
  15. ^ "Jayalalithaa threatens to ban Ramadoss' PMK over Marakkanam violence". The Indian Express. 13 May 2013. Retrieved 22 September 2021.
  16. ^ "PMK founder S Ramadoss released from prison, slams Jayalalithaa govt". The Indian Express. 11 May 2013. Retrieved 22 September 2021.
  17. ^ "DMDK to sign poll deal with BJP - Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 7 April 2016.
  18. ^ a b "Low vote share spoils PMK's celebratory mood over win in 5 seats". dtNext.in. 7 May 2021. Archived from the original on 7 May 2021. Retrieved 22 September 2021.
  19. ^ "Fact-finding team blames PMK for Ponparappi violence". dtNext.in. 10 May 2019. Archived from the original on 22 November 2021. Retrieved 22 September 2021.
  20. ^ Rajasekaran, Ilangovan (20 April 2019). "Dalits in Tamil Nadu village attacked for voting in election". Frontline. Retrieved 22 September 2021.
  21. ^ "Pro-reservation protest: PMK supporters create ruckus in Chennai after being stopped by police". The Indian Express. 1 December 2020. Retrieved 22 September 2021.
  22. ^ "Video: PMK members pelt stones on train during protest for sub-quota for Vanniyars". The News Minute. 1 December 2020. Retrieved 22 September 2021.
  23. ^ Yamunan, Sruthisagar. "Ground report: Will giving Vanniyar community 10.5% reservations help AIADMK win north Tamil Nadu?". Scroll.in. Retrieved 22 September 2021.
  24. ^ a b "TN issues order to implement 10.5% quota Bill for Vanniyars". Hindustan Times. 27 July 2021. Retrieved 22 September 2021.
  25. ^ "Cracks in AIADMK alliance; PMK to contest alone in rural local body polls". Deccan Herald. 15 September 2021. Retrieved 22 September 2021.
  26. ^ "PMK exits AIADMK-led alliance for local body polls, to contest alone". The News Minute. 15 September 2021. Retrieved 22 September 2021.
  27. ^ "Pattali Makkal Katchi (PMK) – Party History, Symbol, Founders, Election Results and News". www.elections.in. Retrieved 29 March 2016.
  28. ISSN 0971-751X
    . Retrieved 30 March 2016.
  29. ^ "General Election 2019 - Election Commission of India". Archived from the original on 26 May 2019. Retrieved 12 June 2019.
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