Paul J. Lioy
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Paul James Lioy (May 27, 1947 – July 8, 2015) was a United States environmental health scientist born in Passaic, New Jersey, working in the field of exposure science. He was one of the world's leading experts in personal exposure to toxins. He published in the areas of air pollution, airborne and deposited particles, Homeland Security, and Hazardous Wastes. Lioy was a professor and division director at the Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Rutgers University - School of Public Health. Until 30 June 2015 he was a professor and vice chair of the Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Rutgers University - Robert Wood Johnson Medical School. He was deputy director of government relations and director of exposure science at the Rutgers Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute in Piscataway, New Jersey.
Lioy has been recognized for his research and contributions to development of environmental policy by the International Society of Exposure Analysis (now International Society of Exposure Science) and by the Air & Waste Management Association, both with Lifetime Achievement Awards. Since 2002 he had been one of Information Sciences Institute’s Most Highly Cited Scientists in the Category of Environment and Ecology, and is one of the founders of the International Society of Exposure (Analysis) Science (1989).
Early life and education
Lioy graduated from
Career
University appointments
- 2015: Professor, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, school of Public Health, Rutgers, university, Piscataway, NJ
- 1989–2015: Professor, Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Rutgers - Robert Wood Johnson Medical School (RWJMS), Piscataway, NJ (formerly UMDNJ)
- 2000–2015: Professor, Rutgers - School of Public Health, Piscataway, NJ (formerly UMDNJ)
- 1986–2015: Professor, Graduate Faculty of Rutgers University: Department of Environmental Science, Public Health Program, and Toxicology Program, New Brunswick, NJ
- 1985-1989: Associate Professor, Department of Environmental and Community Medicine, UMDNJ-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ
- 1982-1985: Associate Professor, Institute of Environmental Medicine, New York University Medical Center, New York City, NY
- 1978-1982: Assistant Professor, Institute of Environmental Medicine, New York University Medical Center, New York City, NY
- 1976- 1978: Lecturer, Department of Civil Environmental Engineering, Polytechnic Institute of New York, New York City, NY
- 2015: Division Director, School of Public Health, Rutgers
- 2004–2015: Vice Chair, Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Rutgers-RWJMS
- 2003–2015: Deputy Director Government Relations, Rutgers Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute (formerly sponsored by UMDNJ and Rutgers University)
- 2001-2003: Acting Associate Director, Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, UMDNJ-RWJMS and Rutgers University
- 1999–2015: Co-Director, Center for Exposure and Risk Modeling, EOHSI
- 1995-2001: Deputy Director, Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, UMDNJ-RWJMS and Rutgers University
- 1994-1995: Acting Deputy Director, Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, UMDNJ-RWJMS and Rutgers University
- 1992–2015: Director, Controlled Exposure Facility, EOHSI
- 1990-2002: Faculty Administrator, EOHSI Analytical Laboratories
- 1986–2015: Chief, Exposure Measurement and Assessment Division, DECM of Rutgers-RWJMS
- 1986–2015: Director, Exposure Science Division, Rutgers Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, (EOHSI) (formerly sponsored by UMDNJ and Rutgers University)
- 1984-1985: Associate Director, Laboratory of Aerosol and Inhalation Research, Institute of Environmental Medicine, NYU Medical Center
- 1975-1978: Senior Air Pollution Engineer, Interstate Sanitation Commission, New York City, NY
- 1973-1975: Physical Scientist (part-time) U.S. EPA, Region II, Surveillance and Analysis Division, NJ
Adjunct positions
- 2006-2009 and 2012–2105: Adjunct Professor, (volunteer) Department of Environmental and Occupational Health University of Pittsburgh Graduate School Public Health
- 1996: Visiting Professor, Department of Biometry and Biostatistics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
- 1990: Visiting Scientist, RIVM, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
Awards and advisory committees
- Recipient of Cranford Chamber of Commerce Meritorious Service Award, acknowledged by resolution from the State Legislature, Union County, and Township of Cranford, 2012
- Recipient of the Daughters of the American Revolution Founders Award, The Ellen Hardin Walworth Medal for Patriotism, 2009. A Resolution also approved by the New Jersey State Legislature.
- Recipient of the National Medal for Conservation from The Daughters of the American Revolution; 2009: Chapter and State of New Jersey Medalist
- Recipient of the 2009-2011 Distinguished Lecturer Award from the International Society of Exposure Science, Pasadena, CA, 2008.
- Recipient of the 2008 Distinguished Alumnus Award from Physical Sciences, Mathematics and Engineering, Rutgers University Graduate School
- Recipient of the 2006 R. Walter Schesinger Basic Science Mentoring Award,
- Recipient of Frank A. Chambers Award for outstanding achievement in the science and art of air pollution control from the Air Waste Management Association, 2003
- Institute for Scientific Information – Highly Cited Scientist – Environment and Ecology, 2002–2015
- Fellow, International Academy of Indoor Air Sciences, (Elected) 1999–2015
- Fellow, Collegium Ramazzini, Environmental & Occupational Medicine and Health, Carpi, Italy (Elected) 1999–2015
- Extraordinary Citizen of Week, Union County, Star Ledger, September 1999
- Resolution for selection as a fellow by the Collegium provided by Union County, Board of Freeholders
- Recipient of Jerome Wesolowski Award for Lifetime Excellence in Exposure Assessment Research, International Society of Exposure Analysis, 1998
- Robert Wood Johnson Medical School Nominee for the UMDNJ Excellence Award, Biomedical Researcher 1992
- Fellow of New York Academy of Sciences, Elected 1979
- Member of Sigma XI, 1980–2007
- University Fellow, Rutgers University, 1973–1975
- Russell Scholar, Rutgers University, 1973–1974
- United States Environmental Protection Agency Air Pollution Fellow, Rutgers University, 1971–1973
- First Year Physics Graduate Student Award for Academics, Auburn University, 1970
- National Defense Education Act, Title IV Fellow, Auburn University, 1969–1971
- Science Advisor, Health Environmental Science Institute (HESI) of International Life Sciences Institute (ILSI), Washington, DC, 2015
- Member, State of New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Science Advisory Board, 2010–2015
- Executive Committee, University Center for Disaster Preparedness and Emergency Response, 2007 – 2015
- Member, research advisory board, Office of the Vice President for Research, Auburn University, 2009–2015
- Executive committee, New Jersey Office of Homeland Security and Preparedness College, 2007–2009
- Co-chair, New Jersey Universities Consortium on Homeland Security Research 2006–2012
- Member, The College of Science and Mathematics Advisory Council, Montclair State University, 2005–2015
- Member, executive committee, Rutgers University Homeland Security Initiative, 2003–2011
- Member, Citizens Advisory Committee New York City DEP Brooklyn-Queens Aquifer Feasibility Study, 2002–2006
- Member, Douglass College, Rutgers University Academic Councilors, 1998–2015
- Member, Council of Academic Policy Advisors to the New Jersey Legislature, 1998–2004
- Chair, United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Science Advisory Board, Committee on Health and Ecological Effects Valuation, Advisory Council on Clean Air Compliance Analysis, 1997–2002 (see EPA-SAB bio)
- Member, Science Advisory Board, European - EXPOLIS (Air Pollution Exposure Distribution of Adult Population in Europe) 1997-2004
- Member, Technical Advisory Committee on Aggregate Exposure and Risk, Hampshire Research Institute, 1999–2000
- Member, Dean's Advisory Council of the College of Science and Mathematics, Auburn University, 1996–1999
- Member, EPA Science Advisory Board, 1992–2002, 2005–2015
- Member, International Joint Commission: Board on Air Quality, 1992–2006
- Past president, International Society of Exposure Analysis, 1994–1995
- President, International Society of Exposure Analysis, 1993–1994
- Chair, Science Advisory Board, Pelham Bay Landfill, NY Remediation, 1990–1997
- Member, Board of Environmental Studies and Toxicology, National Academy of Sciences, 1989–1992
- Treasurer, International Society of Exposure Analysis, 1989–1991 (Co-Founder of Organization)
- Counselor, International Society for Environmental Epidemiology, 1988-1990 (Founding), Board of Directors
- Board Member, Mid-Atlantic States Section Air Pollution Control Association, 1978–1982
- Advisor, New Jersey Italian and Italian American Heritage Commission, Rutgers University
- Member, College of Science and Mathematics Advisory Council, Montclair State University
Major committee assignments - international, national, and regional
- Member, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, External Advisory Committee, NIEHS Center, 2013–2015
- Member, Harvard School of Public Health, Superfund External Advisory Committee, 2010 – 2014
- Vice Chair, National Research CouncilCommittee on Exposure Science, 2010 – 2012
- Member, Committee on Human and Environmental Exposure Science in the 21st Century, National Academies, 2010–2012
- Member, EPA Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act Panel on Exposure Assessment Protocols, 2009 – 2011
- Member, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) Chronic Hazard Advisory Panel (CHAP) ton children's health of phthalates and phthalate alternatives as used in children's toys and child care articles, 2010–2015
- Senior Technical Advisor, Pediatric Environmental Medicine Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, 2009 – 2012
- Member, EPA Science Advisory Board panel on asbestos, 2008–2015
- Member, Advisory Board of University of Pittsburgh Academic Consortium for Excellence (UPACE) in Environmental Public Health Tracking (EPHT) (in collaboration with Drexel University), 2006 – 2009
- Member, EPA Science Advisory Board, Council on Homeland Security, 2005–2014.
- Member, Homeland Security Policy Committee, NJ 2005-2006
- Member, Executive Leadership Group of the New Jersey Chemical-Biological-Radiological-Nuclear-Explosive Center for Training and Research at UMDNJ, 2005–2006
- Member, University Committee for Environmental Affairs, Rutgers, 2005–2008
- Vice-Chair, US EPA, World Trade Center Expert Technical Panel – Indoor Clean-up Issues, 2004–2005
- Member, New Jersey Department of Health and Senior Services, Cancer Cluster Task Force, 2003–2005
- Member, Healthcare Issues Advisory Task Force of NJ, 2002–2004
- Member, Harvard University Particulate Matter Center Advisory Committee, 2000–2004
- Member, New Jersey Department of Health and Senior Services, Trenton/Hamilton Processing Center Environmental Clearance Committee (anthrax), 2002–2004
- Member, Advisory Committee on NJ Southdown Quarry Exposure/Risk Characterization, 2000–2001
- Member, National Research CouncilCommittee on Research Priorities for Airborne Particulate Matter, 1998–2005
- Member, EPA Science Advisory BoardCommittee on the Particulate Matter Centers Research Program, Review Panel, 2001
- Temporary Councilor, World Health Organization, 1997
- Member, Air Pollution Guidelines Committee for Europe, 1993–1994
- Member, National Research Council Committee on Risk Management in Department of Energy's Environmental Restoration Program, 1993–1994
- Chair, Particle Total Exposure Assessment Methodology Review Panel, EPA, Science Advisory Board, 1989–1994
- Member, Tropospheric OzoneFormation and Measurement, 1989–1991
- Member, Scientific Advisory Committee, Center for Environmental Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, School of Public Health, 1988–1992
- Chairman, NAS, National Research Council Committee on Exposure Assessment, 1987–1990
- Member, Scientific Advisory Committee on Harvard Multi-City Acid Health Study, Harvard University, 1987–1993
- Member, National Academy of Sciences, Workshop Panel, Health Risks from Exposure to Common Indoor Household Products in Allergic or Diseased Persons, 1987
- Member, Canadian Royal Academy of Sciences Committee on Acid Aerosol Health Research, 1987
- Member or Consultant, Science Advisory Board Subcommittees, 1984–2001, U.S. EPA: 1. Risk Assessment; 2. Integrated Air Cancer; 3. Integrated Environmental Management Project; 4. Total Exposure Assessment; 5. Clean Air Science Advisory Committee
- Member, USEPA, Health Effects, Grant's Peer Review Committee, 1989–1992
- Chairman, Peer Review Panel, U.S. EPA Indoor Air Pollution Program, 1984
- Member, National Academy of Sciences Committee on Air Pollution Epidemiology, 1983–1985
- Chairman, New Jersey Clean Air Council, 1983–1985
- Member, New Jersey Clean Air Council, 1981–1994
- Member, Interstate Hazardous Spill Response Committee, NJ, 1977
Personal life and death
In 1971, he married the former Jean Yonone and had one son, Jason. Lioy died on July 8, 2015, after collapsing at Newark Liberty International Airport, aged 68 of undetermined causes. Lioy's survivors included his mother, also named Jean Lioy, a sister, Mary Jean Giannini and two grandchildren.[1]
Books
- Kneip TJ, Lioy PJ (eds)., Air Pollution Control Association. 1980. Aerosols, anthropogenic and natural, sources and transport. New York, NY: New York Academy of Sciences. ISBN 0-89766-064-1
- Lioy PJ, Lioy MJY (eds). 1983. Air sampling instruments for evaluation of atmospheric contaminants. 6th ed. Cincinnati, OH: American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists. ISBN 0-936712-43-0
- Lioy PJ, Daisey JM (eds). 1987. Toxic air pollution : a comprehensive study of non-criteria air pollutants. Chelsea, MI.: Lewis Publishers. ISBN 0-87371-057-6
- Lioy PJ. 2010. DUST: The Inside Story of Its Role in the September 11th Aftermath (Foreword By Tom Kean). Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield. ISBN 1-4422-0148-7(Paperback and E-Book, 2011)
- Lioy PJ, Weisel C. 2014. Exposure Science: Basic Principles and Applications. Oxford, UK, Academic Press, Elsevier ISBN 978-0124201675
Legacy in exposure science
Lioy's reputation evolved primarily based upon his role in developing scientific principles and refining the approaches that define the field of exposure science. This discipline is associated with the field of environmental and occupational health sciences, which includes epidemiology and risk assessment, and prevention. In a 1990 article published in Environmental Science and Technology[3] he was the first to properly locate exposure science as the bridge between traditional environmental sciences and the understanding of human health outcomes. Building upon the work of occupational hygiene and the work of Wayne Ott,[4] Lioy has clearly shown that the most important aspect of total human exposure is whether or not an individual comes into contact with a toxin, discussed in a 2010 review article on exposure science[5] and his recent[when?] book on exposure science.[6] In the latter he has clearly linked external and internal markers of exposure. Thus, prevention is a key part of the application of this field of science. He re-analyzed the work of the "father of occupational medicine", Bernardino Ramazzini who provided the initial reasons for examining contact with an agent to define ways to control occupational illness. This historical analysis can be used to improve the way exposure science evolves in the future.[7] Lioy is also a Fellow of the Collegium Ramazzini.
Lioy has been a central figure in understanding exposure to the air pollutant
Ozone
During the early 1980s Lioy recognized that the public health metric for defining exposure of the general population to
Semivolatile chemical exposures in the home
In the 1990s Lioy's laboratory became increasingly focused on dust in the home as a potential metric of exposure to metals and organic compounds. Included was the concurrent scientific issue of the semi-volatility of the materials associated with dust particles. This led to studies that demonstrated that semi-volatile pesticides should not just be considered just residues after application, but as toxin that can be spread throughout the home based process of evaporation and absorption and adsorption. This process was described in an article Published in 1998, and focused on the accumulation of pesticides in children's toys,[19] and ways to protect toys were summarized in popular magazines and web sites. The work was used in revisions of the EPA standards for use of the pesticide chlorpyrifos indoors. The complex issues of dust and semi-volatile toxins in homes were published in 2002 and 2006 review articles.[20][21] Additionally he expanded this work to encompass releases and deposition of many chemicals in carpets and other plush surfaces.[citation needed]
Chromium wastes
During the late 1980s the state of NJ discovered that wastes from the refining and production of the chrome plated products had been used as apparent Clean fill in various residential settings, and was also had contaminated a number other industrial locations. Lioy conducted a comprehensive study of chromium wastes in Jersey City, including residential exposures and the bioavailability and size distribution if the wastes.[22][23] The work found that similar to current lead problems, the chromium exposures indoors were highly related to the levels found in house dust and not ambient air. In addition the use of dust laden corium as a marker of exposure was extremely valuable in conclusively defining that the removal of the wastes in the residential neighborhoods brought the levels of chromium down to background by the end of 2000.[24] The efforts are continuing in Jersey City and are now using analytical methods perfected at EOHSI to measure the levels of the hexavalent chromium (carcinogenic form) in human blood and in the areas around remaining industrial sites, that are beginning to receive final remediation. Acomprehensive review paper on this work was published by Stern, Gochfeld and Lioy.[25]
World Trade Center dust
In the wake of the
Nanoparticles
Dr. Lioy's research has expanded to covering exposure of humans to nanoparticles released by Consumer Products.[11][32][33][34][35][36]
References
- ^ a b c Fox, Margalit. "Paul Lioy, Scientist Who Analyzed 9/11 Dust and Its Health Effects, Dies at 68", The New York Times, July 11, 2015. Accessed July 12, 2015. "Paul James Lioy was born on May 27, 1947, in Passaic, N.J. He earned a bachelor’s degree in physics from Montclair State College, as it was then known, followed by a master’s degree in the field from Auburn University in Alabama and master’s and doctoral degrees in environmental science from Rutgers.... From his home in Cranford, N.J., Dr. Lioy could see the plumes of dust that rose from the ruins of the trade center towers on Sept. 11, 2001."
- Newspapers.com. "Paul J. Lioy, son of Mr. and Mrs. Nicholas P. Lioy, 239 Pennington Ave., has been awarded a master of science degree in physics by Auburn (Ala.) University. Lioy, a graduate of Passaic High School, graduated from Montclair State College magna cum laude and was awarded an NDEA Title 4 Fellowship at Auburn University."
- .
- PMID 8938244.
- PMID 20308034.
- ^ Lioy PJ, Weisel C. 2014. Exposure Science: Basic Principles and Applications. Oxford, UK: Academic Press, Elsevier.
- ^ Lioy, PJ (2007). "Bernardino Ramazzini: thoughts on his Treatise and linking exposure science and environmental/occupational medicine for prevention or intervention within environmental health". European Journal of Oncology. 12: 69–73.
- ^ PMID 17153990.
- PMID 20019897.
- ^ Pellizzari, E; Lioy, PJ; Quackenboss, J; Whitmore, R; Clayton, A; Freeman, N; et al. (1995). "The design and implementation of phase I national human exposure assessment study in EPA Region V". Journal of Exposure Analysis and Environmental Epidemiology. 5: 327–358.
- ^ PMID 21222382.
- PMID 21364702.
- PMID 25621175.
- ^ NRC. 1991. Human exposure assessment for airborne pollutants: advances and opportunities. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
- ^ NRC. 2012. Exposure Science in the 21st Century: A Vision and A Strategy. National Research Council. Washington, DC. http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=13507
- .
- ^ Federal Register, 68 FR 32802, June 3, 2003
- ^ Federal Register, 73 FR 16436, March 27, 2008
- PMID 9417768.
- PMID 12361921.
- ^ Lioy PJ. 2006. Employing dynamical and chemical processes for contaminant mixtures outdoors to the indoor environment: the implications for total human exposure analysis and prevention. Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology 16(3):207-224.
- PMID 1502376.
- .
- PMID 10902388.
- PMID 23131713.
- PMID 12117648.
- PMID 12226151.
- S2CID 45251138.
- Dr. Sanjay Gupta on CNN; and The Memo Blog: Exploring 9/11 - The World Before and After - Exploring Health Effects of WTC Dust)
- ^ DePalma A. (2010). City of Dust: Illness, Arrogance, and 9/11. Upper Saddle River, NJ, FT Press
- ^ Lioy, P.J. 2010. Dust: The Inside Story of its Role in the September 11th Aftermath: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.
- PMID 21364702.
- PMID 22394622.
- PMID 23175627.
- PMID 25621175.
- ISBN 9781466552739.
External links
- Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute (EOHSI) rutgers.edu
- NIEHS Center for Environmental Exposures and Disease (CEED) at EOHSI rutgers.edu
- UMDNJ - Rutgers University CounterACT Research Center of Excellence rutgers.edu
- University Center For Disaster Preparedness and Emergency Response (UCDPER)
- Dust: The Inside Story of its Role in the September 11th Aftermath Barnes and Noble