Pavilion
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In architecture, pavilion has several meanings;
- It may be a subsidiary building that is either positioned separately or as an attachment to a main building. Often it is associated with pleasure..
- As part of a large palace, pavilions may be symmetrically placed building blocks that flank (appear to join) a main building block or the outer ends of wings extending from both sides of a central building block, the corps de logis. Such configurations provide an emphatic visual termination to the composition of a large building, akin to bookends.
The word is from
The word is from the early 13c., paviloun, "large, stately tent raised on posts and used as a movable habitation," from Old French paveillon "large tent; butterfly" (12c.), from Latin papilionem (nominative papilio) "butterfly, moth," in Medieval Latin "tent" (see papillon); the type of tent was so called on its resemblance to wings. Meaning "open building in a park, etc., used for shelter or entertainment" is attested from 1680s. Sense of "small or moderate-sized building, isolated but dependent on a larger or principal building" (as in a hospital) is by 1858.[5]
Free-standing structures
Pavilions may be small garden outbuildings, similar to a summer house or a kiosk; small rooms on the roof of a large house, reached only via the roof (rather than by internal stairs) may also be called pavilions. These were particularly popular up to the 18th century and can be equated to the Italian casina, formerly rendered in English "casino". These often resembled small classical temples and follies. Especially if there is some space for food preparation, they may be called a banqueting house. A pavilion built to take advantage of a view may be referred to as a gazebo. Bandstands in a park are a class of pavilion. A poolhouse by a swimming pool may have sufficient character and charm to be called a pavilion. By contrast, a free-standing pavilion can also be a far larger building such as the Royal Pavilion at Brighton, which is in fact a large Indian-style palace; however, like its smaller namesakes, the common factor is that it was built for pleasure and relaxation.
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Classical architecture
Externally, pavilions may be emphasised by any combination of a change in height, profile (a flat facade may end in round pavilions, or flat ones that project out), colour, material, and ornament. Internally they may be part of a rectangular block, or only connected to the main block by a thin section of building. The two 18th-century English country houses of Houghton Hall and Holkham Hall illustrate these different approaches in turn.
In the Place des Vosges (1605–1612), Paris, twin pavilions mark the centers of the north and south sides of the square. They are named the Pavillon du Roi (“king’s pavilion”) and the Pavillon de la Reine (“queen’s pavilion”), though no royal personage ever lived in the square. With their triple archways, they function like gatehouses that give access to the privileged space of the square. French gatehouses had been built in the form of such pavilions in the preceding century.
Other uses
In some areas, a pavilion is a term for a hunting lodge. The Pavillon de Galon in Luberon, France, is a typical 18th-century aristocratic hunting pavilion. The pavilion, located on the site of an old Roman villa, includes a garden à la française, which was used by the guests for receptions.
Gallery
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Küçüksu Pavilion in Istanbul, Turkey
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The frontage of Houghton Hall ends in a pavilion on each side
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Plan of the main part of Holkham Hall, where, unlike Houghton, only a thin section connects the pavilions to the main block
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Pavilions at each end of the facade of the Upper Belvedere, Vienna
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The white marbled Naulakha Pavilion at the Lahore Fort, Pakistan
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Woodfarm Pavilion, Glasgow. An example of a more common pavilion in an urban area.
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Niavaran Palace Complex, Tehran(19th century)
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Arg Palace, Kabul(19th century)
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ABürkliplatz in Zürich, Switzerland (1908)
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Rigde pavilion inPäijänne Tavastia, Finland
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Island pavilion in the Chinese Garden, Zürich (1993)
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Picnic shelter, Yarramundi Reach, Canberra
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A stone pavilion, Indian Springs State Park, Georgia
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A marble pavilion, Red Fort, Delhi
See also
- Bandstand
- Chahartaq (Persian pavilion)
- Chinese pavilion
- Dance hall (dance pavilion)
- Dharamshala (type of building)
- Gazebo
- Mirror tent
- Monopteros
- Royal Pavilion, Brighton, England
- Sala Thai(Thai pavilion)
References
- ^ "Pavilion | Architecture". Encyclopædia Britannica.
- ^ "The Ultimate Guide To Pavilion And Their Materials". Egy Gazebo. 17 September 2022.
- ^ Mitchell, James (1908). Significant Etymology. William Blackwood & Sons. p. 201.
The Latin word papilio signified originally a butterfly, but in late Latin, and even in Pliny and Tertullian, came to signify a tent, colours, or a flag. It came to signify this apparently from the flapping of the canvas, like a butterfly literally that which is spread out like the wings of a butterfly.
- trap/ tunnel net [to hunt partridges]" (with the occasional and secondary meanings of "partridge net" (= tonnelle), "loose change", and even "mother's breast").]
- ^ "pavilion | Etymology, origin and meaning of pavilion by etymonline". www.etymonline.com. Retrieved 2023-06-13.
External links
- Media related to Pavilions at Wikimedia Commons