Pavillon de Marsan

Coordinates: 48°51′48″N 2°19′57″E / 48.8634°N 2.3324°E / 48.8634; 2.3324
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Pavillon de Marsan viewed from the Tuileries Garden

The Pavillon de Marsan or Marsan Pavilion was built in the 1660s as the northern end of the Tuileries Palace in Paris, and reconstructed in the 1870s after the Tuileries burned down at the end of the Paris Commune. Following the completion of the joining of the Louvre and the Tuileries in the 1850s and the demolition of the Tuileries' remains in the early 1880s, it is now the northwestern tip of the Louvre Palace. Since 1897 it has been part of the Musée des Arts Décoratifs, a separate institution from the Louvre.

History

The pavilion was originally built in 1666, based on a design by

Henri IV's architect(s) for the Pavillon de Flore, the Petite Galerie of the Tuileries and the western section of the Grande Galerie.[2]

  • The Pavillon de Marsan as designed by Louis Le Vau
  • West façade facing the garden, detail from a c.1670 engraving by Jean Marot
    West façade facing the garden, detail from a c.1670 engraving by Jean Marot
  • Ground-floor plan showing the pavilion and the first bay of the North Wing (at top), which contains the grand staircase, detail from an engraving by Jean Marot
    Ground-floor plan showing the pavilion and the first bay of the North Wing (at top), which contains the grand staircase, detail from an engraving by Jean Marot
  • View of the east side with the first bay of the North Wing, 18th-century watercolor by Hugues Taraval
    View of the east side with the first bay of the North Wing, 18th-century watercolor by Hugues Taraval

In the third quarter of the 18th century the Pavillon de Marsan included the apartment of

Madame Adélaïde had her apartment on the pavilion's ground floor.[4]

In the 1800s, Percier and Fontaine extended the North Wing to the east in order to complete the Louvre Palace but only went as far as the Pavillon de Rohan. The complete merger of the Tuileries and the Louvre would only be accomplished a half-century later with Napoleon III's Louvre expansion.

In 1820 Henri V, the Count of Chambord was born here.

In 1871 the Pavillon de Marsan burned down together with the

Hector Lefuel from 1874 to 1879. Lefuel, who disliked the giant order as a matter of principle and found it unsuitable for the Louvre, went on to reconstruct the North Wing on a slightly broadened footprint, but works to that end stopped around the time of his death in 1880.[1]
As a consequence, the North Wing is now divided into Lefuel's Aile de Marsan (Marsan Wing) to the west and Percier and Fontaine's Aile de Rohan (Rohan Wing) to the east.

A project to locate the

Cour des Comptes in the Pavillon de Marsan was stillborn, even though the building was used in the late 19th century to store archives of that institution.[5] In 1897 the Pavillon and Aile de Marsan were eventually given over to the Union Centrale des Arts Décoratifs, which remodeled it from 1898 to 1905 under designs by Gaston Redon assisted by Paul Lorain.[6] The Arts Décoratifs Library opened in 1904 and the Musée des Arts Décoratifs opened in May 1905.[7]

Decoration

The pavilion is adorned with abundant

Carrousel Garden, created by Théodore-Charles Gruyère in 1878.[8] Further east are a series of eight pediments with allegorical sculptures, namely Astronomy (by Gabriel Thomas); Accounting (above Science and Art,[9]: 303  by Pierre-Jules Cavelier); Architecture (above Masonry and Ironwork, by Louis-Ernest Barrias); Plenty (above Wheat Harvest and Grape Harvest, by Mathurin Moreau); Legislation (above Charlemagne and Moses, by Hélène Bertaux); the birth of Venus (above Sea and Wind, by Henri-Charles Maniglier);[citation needed] unidentified theme (above Mercury and Hercules, by Amédée Donatien Doublemard);[citation needed] and Peace (by Frédéric-Louis-Désiré Bogino [fr]).[10]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ a b "Louvre, Paris: the Rohan wing with the Pavillon de Marsan on the far left". RIBA Royal Institute of British Architects.
  2. ISBN 9780262023092
    .
  3. ^ On Marot's engravings it is marked: "Pavillon du côté de la rue St Honoré". The rue de Rivoli had not yet been constructed.
  4. ^ Georges Lenotre (1933). Les Tuileries : Fastes et maléfices d’un palais disparu. Paris: Firmin-Didot.
  5. ^ Michel Goutal (2015). "Diffusion, réception de l'œuvre d'un artisan-entrepreneur : la maison Monduit". Livraisons d'Histoire de l'Architecture.
  6. ^ "29 mai 1905 : L'inauguration du musée des Arts décoratifs au pavillon de Marsan". MAD.
  7. ISBN 9780393330090
    .
  8. ^ "Pavillon Marsan – Paris : Restauration du clos couvert du Pavillon Marsan". Groupe Balas.
  9. ^ Geneviève Bresc-Bautier, ed. (2016), Histoire du Louvre, vol. II, Paris: Louvre / Fayard
  10. ^ "Pavillon de Marsan, Aile de Marsan". Le décor extérieur du Louvre.

48°51′48″N 2°19′57″E / 48.8634°N 2.3324°E / 48.8634; 2.3324

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