Pedubast I
| Pedubast I | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Gulbenkian Museum, Lisbon, Portugal. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pharaoh | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reign | 835/824 BC–810/799 BC | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Predecessor | Takelot II | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Successor | Shoshenq VI | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Children | 23rd Dynasty | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pedubastis I or Pedubast I was an Upper Egyptian Pharaoh of ancient Egypt during the 9th century BC.
Biography
Based on lunar dates which are known to belong to the reign of his rival
22nd Dynasty of Egypt; however, since Shoshenq II only controlled Lower Egypt in Memphis and the Delta region, Pedubast and Shoshenq III were not political rivals and may even have established a relationship. Indeed, Shoshenq III's son, the general and army leader Pashedbast B "built a vestibule door to Pylon X at Karnak, and in one and the same commemorative text thereon named his father as [king] Sheshonq (III)" but dated his actions here to Pedubast I.[2] This may show some tacit support for the Pedubast faction by the Tanite-based 22nd dynasty king Shoshenq III.[3]
Pedubast I was the main opponent to
Chronicle of Prince Osorkon at Karnak. He was succeeded in power by Shoshenq VI
.
Pedubast's bronze torso
The richly inlaid torso from a bronze statue that originally depicted Pedubast I is today on permanent display in the
Third Intermediate Period Art.[4] This object was purchased by Calouste Gulbenkian from December 13–16, 1921 from Frederik Muller & Cie through the well-known art dealer Joseph Duveen.[5] The Pedubast statue is extremely rare since it is one of the very few large-sized bronze statues of Egyptian kings in existence and the only large surviving bronze one known for the Third Intermediate Period.[6] The restored cartouches on the belt buckle and feather apron read respectively as: "Usermaatre-Chosen-of-Amun, Pedubaste Son-of-Bastet-Beloved of Amun" and "King of Upper and Lower Egypt, Lord of the Two Lands, Usermaatre-Chosen-of-Amun, Son of Re, Lord of Diadems, Pedubastet-Son-of-Bastet-Beloved-of-Amun."[7] This object's provenance is not known but it is first recorded as being in the collection of Count Grigory Stroganoff (1829–1910), a member of the famous Russian family of connoisseurs and collectors, in 1880.[8]
References
- ^ David Aston, Takeloth II, A King of the Herakleopolitan Theban Twenty-Third Dynasty Revisited: The Chronology of Dynasties 22 and 23 in 'The Libyan Period in Egypt: Historical and Cultural Studies into the 21st-24th Dynasties: Proceedings of a Conference at Leiden University 25–27 October 2007,' G. Broekman, RJ Demaree & O.E. Kaper (eds), Peeters Leuven 2009, pp.25-26
- ^ Kenneth Kitchen, The Third Intermediate Period in Egypt (1100-650 BC), Aris & Phillips, 1996. (3rd ed.) p.339
- ^ David Aston, Takeloth II-A King of the "Theban Twenty-Third Dynasty?", Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 75 (1989), p.150
- ^ Marsha Hill & Deborah Schorsch, The Gulbenkian Torso of King Pedubaste: Investigations into Egyptian Large Bronze Statuary, Metropolitan Museum Journal 40, (2005), p.163
- ^ Hill & Schorsch, p.186
- ^ Hill & Schorsch, p.183
- ^ Hill & Schorsch, p.167
- ^ Hill & Schorsch, pp.163 & 166
Further reading
- Dan'el Kahn, A Problem of Pedubasts?, Antigua Oriente 4 (2006), 23-42
- Brian Muhs, Partisan royal epithets in the late Third Intermediate Period and the dynastic affiliations of Pedubast I and Iuput II, JEA 84 (1998), 220-223
External links
- The Gulbenkian Torso of King Pedubaste Metropolitan Museum of Art
- University of Columbia 2005 Excavation report at Dakhla